CBSE Class 10 Social Science Sectors of the Indian Economy Assignment Set B

Sectors of Indian Economy

Gross Domestic Product(GDP): The value of final goods and services produced in each sector during a particular year provides the total production of the sector for that year and the sum of production in the three sectors gives what is called the GDP.
Problem of Double Counting: The problem of double counting arises when the production value of all the products is added to calculate in the National Income as raw material value is also added to it. Hence only the value of the final product should be calculated for the solution.

- It is clear from the above tables that, the secondary and tertiary sectors produce three-fourth of GDP whereas they employ around half the people.
- The contribution of primary sector over the years has decreased but still around half of workers are working in Primary Sector, mainly in agriculture. It means that there are more people in agriculture than is necessary. It is others words, workers in the agricultural sector are underemployed. This kind of underemployment is hidden. It is called Disguised Unemployment.
- We can see that around half of the workers work in the primary sector whereas its contribution is very low (around 15%). The contribution of Secondary and tertiary Sector is around 85% in the GDP but they employ only around half of the workers. There is considerable underemployment in agriculture. There are people who are not employed at all. Considering this situation, there is a need to create more employment.

- There are other ways of classifying economics activities. It can be classified as Public Sector and Private Sector and Organized sector and Unorganized sector.

MCQs

Question. During the period between 1973 to2003, the production has increased most in the
(a) primary sector
(b) secondary sector
(c) tertiary sector
(d) all the three sectors
Answer : C

Question. GDP is the value of……….. produced during a particular year :
(a) All goods & services
(b) All final goods & services
(c) All intermediate goods &services
(d) All intermediate & final goods and services
Answer : B

Question. The sectors are classified in to public and private sectors on the basis of
(a) Employment conditions
(b) The nature of economic activity
(c) Ownership of enterprises
(d) Number of workers employed in the enterprises
Answer : C

Question. NREGA 2005 guarantees work for how many days in a year
(a) 100
(b) 120
(c)150
(d) 90
Answer : A

Question. Which one of the following is a public sector enterprise?
(a) TISCO
(b) RIL
(c) Indian Railway
(d) WIPRO
Answer : C

Question. Which was the largest producing sector in 1973?
(a) Primary sector
(b) Secondary sector
(c) Tertiary sector
(d) Public sector
Answer : A

Question. Fill in the blanks using the correct option given in the bracket:
(i) Employment in the service sector _________ increased to the same extent as production.  (has / has not)
(ii) Workers in the _________ sector do not produce goods. (tertiary / agricultural) 
(iii) Most of the workers in the _________ sector enjoy job security. (organised / unorganised)
(iv) A _________ proportion of labourers in India are working in the unorganised sector. (large / small)
(v) Cotton is a _________ product and cloth is a _________ product. (natural / manufactured)
(vi) The activities in primary, secondary and tertiary sectors are _________. (independent /interdependent)
Answer :
(i) has not
(ii) tertiary
(iii) organised
(iv) large
(v) natural
(vi) interdependent

Short Answer Type Questions

 

Question. Match the following:

Answer :

 
Question.  A research scholar looked at the working people in the city of Surat and found the following.

Complete the table. What is the percentage of workers in the unorganised sector in this city?
Answer :

The percentage of workers in the unorganised sector in this city is 70%.

Question.  For each of the sectors that we came across in this chapter why should one focus on employment and GDP? Could there be other issues which should be examined? Discuss.
Answer : For each of the sectors that we came across in this chapter, one should focus on employment and GDP because these determine the size of a country’s economy. A focus on employment and GDP helps determine two important things- per capita income and productivity. Hence, in each of the three sectors, employment rate and status as well as its contribution to the GDP help us understand how that particular sector is functioning and what needs to be done to initiate further growth in it.
Yes, the other issues which should be examined are –

• Balanced regional development
• Equality in income and wealth among the people of the country.
• How to eradicate poverty
• Modernization of technology
• Self-reliance of the country
• How to achieve surplus food production in the country.

Question. How is the tertiary sector different from other sectors? Illustrate with a few examples.
Answer :  The tertiary sector different from other two sectors. This is because other two sectors produce goods but, this sector does not produce goods by itself. But the activities under this sector help in the development of the primary and secondary sectors. These activities are an aid or support for the production process. For example, transport, communication, storage, banking, insurance, trade activities etc. For this reason this sector is also known as service sector.

Question. Distinguish between open unemployment and disguised unemployment.
Answer :

Question. Service sector in India employs two different kinds of people. Who are these?
Answer :  The service sector in India employs the following two different kinds of people. They are:

• The people involved in the services that may directly help in the production of goods. For example, people involved in the transportation, storage, communication, finance etc.
• The people involved in such services that may not directly help in the production of goods e.g. teachers, doctors, barbers, cobblers lawyers etc. They may be termed as ancillary workers means those who give services to the primary service providers.

Question. How are the activities in the economy classified on the basis of employment conditions?
Answer : On the basis of employment conditions, the activities in the economy are classified into organized and unorganized sectors.

• Organized Sector This sector covers those enterprises which are registered by the government and have to follow its rules and regulations. For example, Reliance Industries Ltd., GAIL etc.
• Unorganized Sector It includes those small and scattered units which are largely outside the control of the government. Though there are rules and regulations but these are never followed here. For example, casual workers in construction, shops etc. In this sector there is no job security and the conditions of employment are also very tough.

Question. Explain the objective of implementing the NREGA 2005.
Answer : The objective of implementing the NREGA 2005 are:

• To increase the income and employment of people.
• Every state/region can develop tourism, regional craft, IT etc. for additional employment.
• The central government made a law implementing the right to work in 200 districts.
• NREGA aims to provide employment of 100 days. If it fails to do so, it will give unemployment allowances to the people.