CBSE Class 10 Social Science History Work Life and Leisure Assignment

Brief Concepts of the Lesson – 1.

Metropolis –

A large, densely populated city of a country or state often the capital of region.
2. Older cities like London changed dramatically when people begun pouring in after the industrial revolution. Factory or workshop owners did not house the migrant workers. Instead individual landowners put up cheap, and usually unsafe, tenements for the new arrivals.
3. Temperance movement – a largely middle class led social reform movement which emerged in Britain and America from the 19th century onwards it identified alcoholism as the cause of the ruin of families and society and aimed at reducing the consumption of alcoholic drinks particularly amongst the working classes.

4. Libraries art galleries and museums were established in the 19th century to provide people with a sense of history and pride in the achievements of the British.

Multiple Choice Questions

Q.1: - Novel written by Durgacharan Ray about the city of Calcutta is—
(a) Nirmala
(b) Godan
(c) durgesh modin
(d) Debganer martye agaman
Answer : D

Q.2: - Which of the following city is called ‘Mayapuri’—
(a) Madras
(b) Calcutta
(c) Delhi
(d) Bombay
Answer : D

Q.3: - “The Bitter cry of outcast London” written by—
(a) Rudyard Kipling
(b) Samuel Richardson
(c) Charles Dickens
(d) Andrew Mearns
Answer : D

Q.4: - Which of the following film was made by Dada Saheb Phalke?
(a) CID
(b) Guest House
(c) Tezab
(d) Raja Harish Chandra
Answer : D

Q.5: - Which was the Indian first city to get smoke nuisance?
(a) Bombay
(b) Calcutta
(c) Madras
(d) Surat
Answer : B

Q.6: - Most of the people in the film industry were –
(a) Local
(b) Migrants from Lahore, Calcutta and madras
(c) Foreigners
(d) Freedom fighter
Answer : B

Q.7: - Who developed the principal of ‘Garden City’?
(a) Ebenezer Howard
(b) Charles Dickens
(c) Thomas Hardy
(d) Andrew Mearns
Answer : A

Q.8: - The first underground railway was built in –
(a) New York
(b) Calcutta
(c) London
(d) Dubai
Answer : C

Q.9: - What were tenements –
(a) Over crowded apartment
(b) Official documents
(c) Surgical instrument
(d) wartime offices
Answer : A

Q.10: - What does a ‘Metropolis’ refer to
(a) State
(b) Capital
(c) Country
(d) Town
Answer : B

Short Answer Type Questions

Q.1: - What steps were taken to clean up London?
Answer : 1. Attempts were made to decongest localities, green the open spaces reduce pollution and landscape the city.
2. Large blocks of apartments were built.
3. Demands were made for ‘New Lungs’ for the city and the idea of green belt around London was offered.

Q.2: - Give three reasons why the population of London expended from the middle of the 18th century?

Answer : 1. Industrialization was the most important factor which attracted people to London.
2. The textile industry of London attracted a large number of migrants.
3. The city of London attracted people from all walks of life like clerks, shopkeepers, soldiers, servants, laborers, beggars etc.

Q.3: - How did people entertain themselves in the ‘chawls’?
Answer : 1. Magicians, Monkey players or acrobats used to perform their acts on the streets.
2. The Nandi bull used to predict the future.
3. Chawls were also the place for the exchange of news about jobs, strikes, riots or demonstrations.

Q.4: - Explain the social change in London which led to the need for underground?
Answer : 1. British made a million houses, single family cottages.
2. Now people could not walk to work and this led to the development of underground railways.
3. By 1880, the expended train services were carrying 40 million passengers in a year.

Q.5: - What was the status of the women folk in the conservative industrial towns?
Answer : 1. Women of upper and middle classes faced higher level of isolation, although their lives were made easier by domestic maids.
2. Women who worked for wages had some control over their lives particularly among the lower social classes.
3. As women lost their industrial jobs and conservative people railed against their presence in public plans, women were forced to withdraw into their homes.

Long Answer Type Questions

Q.1: -‘Bombay was a prime city if India’. Justify by giving examples.
Answer : 1. It was the major outlet for cotton textile from Gujarat.
2. It functioned as a major port city.
3. It was an important administrative centre in western India.
4. It soon emerged as a major industrial centre.
5. The opening of the Suez Canal in 1869 brought the west close to Bombay.

Q.2: - Describe the life in chawls?
Answer : 1. Chawls were multistoried structure built and owned by private landlords such as Merchants, bankers and building contractors.
2. Each chawl was divided into smaller one room tenements which had no private toilets.
3. Many families could reside at a time in a tenement.
4. People had to keep the window of their rooms closed even in humid weather due to close proximity
of filthy gutters, buffalo stables etc.
5. Though water was scarce and people often quarreled every morning for a turn at the top observers
found that house were kept quite clean.

Q.3:- Explain the life style of workers of mid 19th century in Britain?
Answer : 1. In most of the industries the demand for labour was seasonal.
2. The workers were getting very low wages.
3. Factories employed large numbers of women.
4. Most of the workers were living in slums. Factories or workshop owners did not house the migrant
workers.
5. For the poor workers the street often was the only place for rest, leisure and fun.Q.4: - Describe the
problems of traveling in the underground railway?
Ans.:- 1. People were afraid to travel underground.
2. The Compartments were over crowed and polluted by smoke.
3. The atmosphere was a mixture of sulphur, coal and dust with fuel fumes from the gas lamps.
4. Many felt that the iron monsters added to the mess and unhealthiness of the city.
5. Suffocation due to lack of oxygen supply and heat