CBSE Class 10 Geography Minerals and Energy Resources Assignment

True/False Questions for Class 10 Social Science Minerals and Energy Resources

Assertion And Reason Questions for Class 10 Social Science Minerals and Energy Resources

Case Based Questions for Class 10 Social Science Minerals and Energy Resources

Read the case/source given and answer the questions that follow.

India is endowed with fairly abundant resources of iron ore. It has the largest reserve of iron ore in Asia. The two main types of ore found in our country are haematite and magnetite. It has great demand in international market due to its superior quality. The iron ore mines occur in close proximity to the coal fields in the North-Eastern plateau region of the country which adds to their advantage. About 95 per cent of total reserves of iron ore is located in the States of Odisha, Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, Karnataka, Goa, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu. In Odisha, iron ore occurs in a series of hill ranges in Sundergarh, Mayurbhanj and Jhar.
The important mines are Gurumahisani, Sulaipet, Badampahar (Mayurbhaj), Kiruburu (Kendujhar) and Bonai (Sundergarh). Similar hill ranges, Jharkhand has some of the oldest iron ore mines and most of the iron and steel plants are located around them. Most of the important mines such as Noamundi and Gua are located in Poorbi and Pashchimi Singhbhum districts. This belt further extends to Durg, Dantewara and Bailadila. Dalli and Rajhara in Durg are the important mines of iron ore in the country. In Karnataka, iron ore deposits occur in Sandur-Hospet area of Ballari district, Baba Budan hills and Kudremukh in Chikkamagaluru district and parts of Shivamogga, Chitradurg and Tumakuru districts. The districts of Chandrapur, Bhandara and Ratnagiri in Maharashtra, Karimnagar and Warangal district of Telangana, Kurnool, Cuddapah and Anantapur districts of Andhra Pradesh, Salem and Nilgiris districts of Tamil Nadu are other iron mining regions. Goa has also emerged as an important producer of iron ore.

Question. What makes India the largest producer in Asia?
Answer : Iron ore is the mineral which makes India the largest producer in Asia. India has the largest reserve of iron-ore in the continent.

Question. List the iron ore distribution in two significant states that produce it.
Answer : Odisha and Jharkhand are two significant states producing iron ore
- In Odisha, iron ore occurs in a series of hill ranges in Sundergarh, Mayurbhanj and Jhar. Gurumahisani,Sulaipet, Badampahar (Mayurbhanj), Kiruburu (Kendujhar) and Bonai (Sundergarh) are important mines.
- Jharkhand has some of the oldest mines in India. Most of the iron and steel plants are located around these mines.Important iron-ore mines are Noamundi and Gua in Poorbi and Paschimi Singhbhum district.

Question. Explain the distribution of iron ore in two coastal states of India.
Answer : The distribution of iron ore in two coastal states of India is
(i) Karnataka Iron ore deposits occur in Sandur-Hospet area of Ballari district, Baba Budan hills and Kudremukh in Chikkamagaluru, parts of Shivamogga, Chitradurga and Tumakuru districts.
(ii) Maharashtra Important iron ore deposits are located in Chandrapur, Bhandara and Ratnagiri districts.

Very Short Questions for Class 10 Social Science Minerals and Energy Resources

Question : Why are there a wide range of colours, hardness, crystal forms, lustre and density found in minerals?
Answer : The varied colours found in minerals are due to its chemical composition, and the parameters such as temperature, pressure, rate of cooling etc., present during its formation.

Question : How are 'Gobar Gas Plants' beneficial to the farmers?
Answer : Gobar Gas Plant are beneficial to the farmers by two ways. It provides a clean fuel for domestic cooking and lighting. It also provides high quality manure.

Question : What are a constant threat to miners?
Answer : The risk of collapsing mine roofs, inundation and fires in coalmines are a constant threat to miners. 

Short Questions for Class 10 Social Science Minerals and Energy Resources

Question : Describe any three characteristics of the Durg-Bastar-Chandrapur Iron-ore belt in India.
Answer : Durg-Bastar-Chandrapur belt lies in Chhattisgarh and Maharashtra.
(a) It provides very high grade hematite from the famous Bailadila range of hills in the Bastar district of Chhattisgarh.
(b) The range of hills comprise of 14 deposits of super high-grade hematite iron ore. It has the best physical properties needed for steel making.
(c) Iron ore from these mines is exported to Japan and South Korea via Vishakhapatnam port.

Question : Why is mica considered the most important mineral in electric and electronic industries? Give three reasons.
Answer : Mica is :
(i) Excellent di-electric in strength and has low power loss factor.
(ii) It has insulating properties and resistance to high voltage.
(iii) It is the most indispensable mineral used in electric and electronic industries.

Question : “Natural gas is considered an environment friendly fuel.” Explain the statement in two points.
Answer : Natural gas is used as a source of energy as well as an industrial raw material.
(i) It can be transported easily through pipelines.
(ii) Pipelines have helped in setting up fertilizer plants and power plants on its way.
(iii) Natural gas is a clean source of energy. This is because it causes very less pollution.

Question : Why is it necessary to conserve mineral resources? Explain any four ways to conserve mineral resources.
Answer : The various reasons for Conservation are –
(i) Strong dependence of industry and agriculture upon minerals.
(ii) Process of mineral formation is slow.
(iii) They are non-renewable.

Methods to conserve :
(i) Minerals should be used in a planned and sustainable manner.
(ii) Improved technology needs to be constantly evolved to allow use of low grade ore at low cost.
(iii). Recycling of minerals must be practiced.

Question : What are non-metallic minerals? Write a short note on uses of mica and its distribution in India.
Answer : Minerals which do not contain metals or do not have metallic properties are called non-metallic minerals. For example, mica, limestone, salt, potash, sulphur, granite, marble, sandstone, etc.
Uses of Mica: Mica is considered to be the most important mineral in electric and electronic industries. Due to its excellent di-electric strength, low power loss factor, insulating properties and resistance to high voltage, it is one of the most essential minerals used in electric and electronic industries.
Distribution of Mica in India: Koderma Gaya–Hazaribagh belt of Jharkhand is the leading producer of Mica. Mica deposits are found in the northern edge of the Chhota Nagpur plateau. In Rajasthan, the major mica producing area is around Ajmer. Nellore mica belt of Andhra Pradesh is also an important producer in the country. 

Question : Describe any two facts regarding the importance of manganese in our daily life. Also name the four states which are known for its production.
Answer : Manganese is mainly used in the manufacturing of steel and ferro-manganese alloy. Nearly 10 kg of manganese is required to manufacture one tonne of steel. It is also used in manufacturing bleaching powder, insecticides and paints. Orissa is the largest producer of manganese ores in India. It accounted for onethird of the country’s total production in 2000-01. Other manganese-producing states are Madhya Pradesh and Karnataka. 

Question : State two main uses of copper. Also, mention three major copper-producing districts of India.
Answer : Being malleable, ductile and a good conductor, copper is mainly used in electrical cables, electronics and chemical industries. India is critically deficient in the reserve and production of copper.
Three major copper producing regions of India:
(i) Madhya Pradesh is the largest producer of copper in India. The Balaghat mines in Madhya Pradesh produces 52 per cent of India’s copper.
(ii) Rajasthan is the second largest producer of copper. The Khetri mines in Rajasthan are famous.
(iii) The Singhbhum district of Jharkhand has also large reserves of copper. 

Question : Why is it necessary to develop the tidal and wind energy solve the present day energy crises? Support your answer with three points.
Answer : (i) Energy is the basic requirement for economic development in every sector of our economy.
(ii) In the domestic sector, the demand of energy is growing due to the increase in the use of electrical gadgets.
(iii) India has a large coastline. Therefore, oceanic tides can be used to generate electricity. 

Question : How is the mining activity injurious to the health of the miners and environment? Explain. 
                              Or
How does mining adversely affect the health and the environment?
Answer : Mining activity is often called a “killer industry” due to high risks involved. The dust and poisonous fumes inhaled by the miners expose them to pulmonary diseases.The risk of collapsing mine roofs, inundation and fires in coalmines are a constant threat to miners. The water sources in the region get contaminated due to mining. Dumping of waste and slurry leads to degradation of land, soil and river pollution. 

Question : State uses of limestone. Also mention the states where it is produced.
Answer : Limestone is the basic raw material for the cement industry and essential for smelting iron ore in the blast furnace.
It is found in association with rocks composed of calcium carbonates or calcium and magnesium carbonates. It is found in sedimentary rocks of most geological formations.
It is produced in states like Andhra Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Gujarat and Tamil Nadu. 

Question : The pie chart given below shows the production of manganese in different states. On the basis of reading of diagram answer the following questions:

1. Mention any two uses of Manganese.
2. Which is the largest producer of Manganese?
Answer : 1. Uses of Manganese:
(i) Manganese is mainly used in the manufacturing of steel and ferromanganese alloy. Nearly 10 kg of manganese is required to manufacture one tonne of steel.
(ii) It is also used in manufacturing bleaching powder, insecticides and paints.
2. Odisha is the largest producer of manganese ores in India approximately onethird of the country’s total production. 

Question : Differentiate between metallic and non metallic minerals with examples.
Answer :

Question. ‘‘The promotion of the use of non-conventional sources of energy in India is the need of the hour.’’
Support the statement. 
Answer : It is true that promotion of the use of non-conventional sources of energy in India is the need of the hour due to the following reasons
- Unlike conventional sources of energy, most of the non-conventional energy sources are cheaper and renewable. The limitation and scarcity of fossil fuels have given rise to the urgent need for using the alternative energy sources such as renewable non-conventional energy resources.
- Power from non-conventional and renewable sources is must in order to reduce Carbon Dioxide (CO₂) emissions from the coal-based power plants.Non-conventional resources are environment friendly.
- Locally available non-conventional and renewable power resources like wind and solar can meet local rural energy needs with minimum costs.
Thus, non-conventional energy resources will ensure sustainable development by meeting the needs of the present generation without harming the needs of future generation.

Question. Give two advantages of ‘wind energy.’ Mention four states of India having favourable conditions for the development of wind energy. 
Answer : Wind energy is a non-conventional source of energy. The advantages of wind energy are
(i) Wind energy is a clean fuel source. It does not pollute the air as compared to conventional sources like coal.
(ii) Wind energy is one of the low-cost renewable energy technologies available today. Even without government subsidies, wind energy is a low-cost fuel in many areas of the country.
Four wind power producing states of India are Rajasthan,Gujarat, Maharashtra and Karnataka.

Question. Why is it necessary to develop bio-energy in India?
Or Explain the significance of bio-energy to human kind in India. 
Answer : Bio-energy refers to energy derived from biological product which includes agricultural residues, municipal, industrial and other wastes. It is necessary to develop bio-energy in India because
- It is a potential source of energy conversion and can be converted into electrical energy, heat energy or gas for cooking food.
- It can solve the problem of garbage and waste in urban areas as energy can be derived from wastes.
- It can contribute to improving economic life of rural people in developing countries.
- It will enhance self-reliance and can reduce pressure on fuel wood and reduce oil imports.

Long Questions for Class 10 Social Science Minerals and Energy Resources

Question : Mention any three major iron-ore belts of India. Write any three characteristics of the southernmost iron-ore belt.
Answer : Three major iron-ore belts of India are:
(i) Odisha – Jharkhand belt
(ii) Durg – bastar – Chandrapur belt in Chhattisgarh and Maharashtra.
(iii) Bellary – Chitradurga – Chikmaglur – Tumkur belt in Karnataka.
Three characteristics of the southernmost iron-ore belt:
(i) The ore is transported as slurry through a pipeline to a port near Mangalore.
(ii) The ores are not of very high quality, yet they are efficiently exploited.
(iii) Iron-ore is exported through Marmagao port. 

Question : Highlight the importance of petroleum. Explain the occurrence of petroleum in India.
Answer : Importance of Petroleum are as follows :
(i) Petroleum is the major energy source in India.
(ii) It provides fuel for heat and lighting.
(iii) It provides lubricant for machinery.
(iv) It provides raw material for a number of manufacturing industries.
(v) Petroleum refineries act as core industry for synthetic, textile, fertilizer and chemical industries.

Availability :
(i) Most of the petroleum reserves in India are associated with anticlines and fault traps.
(ii) In regions of folding anticline or domes, it occurs where oil is trapped in the crust of the upfold.
(iii) Petroleum is also found in fault traps between porous and non-porous rocks.