Read and download the CBSE Class 10 Social Science Development Assignment Set B for the 2025-26 academic session. We have provided comprehensive Class 10 Economics school assignments that have important solved questions and answers for Understanding Economic Development Chapter 1 Development. These resources have been carefuly prepared by expert teachers as per the latest NCERT, CBSE, and KVS syllabus guidelines.
Solved Assignment for Class 10 Economics Understanding Economic Development Chapter 1 Development
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Understanding Economic Development Chapter 1 Development Class 10 Solved Questions and Answers
Development Summary Class 10 Social Science
DEVELOPMENT - Development is defined as a situation in which all the aspirations of people get fulfilled
WHAT DEVELOPMENT PROMISES - (DIFFERENT PEOPLE, DIFFERENT GOALS) - Different persons can have different developmental goals. They seek things that are most important for them. What may be development for one may not be development for the other. It may even be destructive for the other.
INCOME AND OTHER GOALS- The developmental goals that people have are not only about better income but also about other important things in life. People desire regular work, better wages, and decent price for their crops or other products that they produce (They want more income). Besides seeking more income, people also seek things like equal treatment, freedom, security, and respect of others. (Things that are not easily measured but they mean a lot).
NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT (Development of nation)- Different persons can have different as well as conflicting notions of a country’s development. While thinking about national development thinking about fair and just path for all, better way of doing things, benefit of any idea for total number of people is also important.
HOW TO COMPARE DIFFERENT COUNTRIES OR STATES –
1. Usually, we take one or more important characteristics of persons and compare them based on these characteristics.
2. For comparing countries, their income is considered to be one of the most important attributes.
3. Countries with higher income are considered more developed than others with less income.
4. The income of the country is the income of all the residents of the country. This gives us the total income of the country.
5. For comparison between countries, total income is not a useful measure because countries have different populations.
6. Hence, we compare the average income which is total income of the country divided by its total population. The average income is also called per capita income.
7. In World Development Report brought out by the World Bank, this
8. Countries with per capita income of USD 12056 per annum and above in 2017, are called rich countries and those with per capita income of USD 955 or less are called low-income countries.
9. India comes in the category of low middle-income countries because its per capita income in 2017 was just USD1820 per income.
INCOME AND OTHER CRITERIA- When we think of a nation or a region, we may, besides average income, think of other equally important attributes. If we study Table 1.3 that gives the per capita income of Haryana, Kerala and Bihar, we find that of the three, Haryana has the highest per capita. So, if per capita income were to be used as the measure of development, Haryana will be considered the most developed and Bihar the least developed state of the three but if we study table 1.4 Kerala performs well in all three categories i.e., Infant Mortality Rate, literacy rate and net attendance Ratio.
PUBLIC FACILITIES- income by itself is not a completely adequate indicator of material goods and services that citizens are able to use. for many of the important things in life the best way, also the cheapest way, is to provide these goods and services collectively. Kerala has a low Infant Mortality Rate because it has adequate provision of basic health and educational facilities. Similarly, in some states, the Public Distribution System (PDS) functions well. Health and nutritional status of people of such states is certainly likely to be better.
HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT- Human Development Report published by UNDP compares countries based on the educational levels of the people, their health status and per capita income.
1. HDI stands for Human Development Index. HDI ranks in table 1.6 are out of 189 countries in all.
2. Life Expectancy at birth denotes, as the name suggests, average expected length of life of a person at the time of birth.
3. Per Capita Income is calculated in dollars for all countries so that it can be compared. It is also done in a way so that every dollar would buy the same amount of goods and services in any country.
SUSTAINABILITY OF DEVELOPMENT-
1. Since the second half of the twentieth century, a number of scientists have been warning that the present type and levels of development are not sustainable.
2. Resources are replenished by nature as in the case of crops and plants.
3. In the case of groundwater, if we use more than what is being replenished by rain then we would be overusing these resources.
4. Consequences of environmental degradation do not respect national or state boundaries; this issue is no longer region or nation-specific.
5. Sustainability of developments comparatively a new area of knowledge in which scientists, economists, philosophers and other social scientists are working together
CBSE Class 10 Social Science Chapter 1 Development MCQs
Question. The total income of the country divided by its total population is Called:
(a) National income
(b) Per capital income
(c) Total income
(d) None of these
Answer : B
Question. Which organization publishes the Human Development Report:
(a) WHO
(b) UNDP
(c) WTO
(d) IMF
Answer : B
Question. Development of a country generally be determined by:
(a) its per capita income
(b) its literacy level
(b) health status of its people
(d) all above
Answer : D
Question. As per Human Development Report 2006 which neighboring country has the highest income following
(a) Sri Lanka
(b) India
(c) Pakistan
(d) Nepal
Answer : A
CBSE Class 10 Social Science Chapter 1 Development Assertion-Reason Questions
The following questions consist of two statements — Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Answer these questions selecting the appropriate option given below:
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.
Question. Assertion (A) : Money in your pocket cannot buy all the goods and services that you may need to live well.
Reason (R) : So, income by itself is not a completely adequate indicator of material goods and services that citizens are able to use.
Answer : A
Question. Assertion (A) : Non-renewable resources are those which will get exhausted after years of use.
Reason (R) : Kerala has a low Infant Mortality Rate because it has adequate provision of basic health and educational facilities.
Answer : B
Question. Assertion (A) : Money, or material things that one can buy with it, is one factor on which our life depends.
Reason (R) : But the quality of our life does not depend on nonmaterial things.
Answer : C
Question. Assertion (A) : We compare the average income which is unevely distibuted income of the country divided by half of its population.
Reason (R) : The average income is also called per capita income.
Answer : D
Question. Assertion (A) : The developmental goals that people have are not only about better income but also about other important things in life.
Reason (R) : A safe and secure environment may allow more women to take up a variety of jobs or run a business.
Answer : B
CBSE Class 10 Social Science Chapter 1 Development Very Short Answer Questions
Question. What is literacy rate measure?
Answer : Literacy rate measures the proportion of literate population in the seven and above age group.
Question. What are the common developmental goals of a person?
Answer : Common developmental goals are regular work, better wages and better standards of living.
Question. What is per Capita income?
Answer : When the total income of the country is divided by its population, we get per capita income.
Question. What is Net Attendance Ratio?
Answer : It is the total number of children of the age group 14–15 years attending school as a percentage of total number of children in the same age group.
Question. Why Kerala has a low infant mortality rate?
Answer : It has adequate provisions of basic health and educational facilities.
Question. What can developmental goals be for prosperous farmers from Punjab?
Answer : Assured high family income through higher support prices for their crops, hardworking and cheap labourers. They should be able to settle their children abroad.
Question. What you understand by HDI?
Answer : HDI stands for Human Development Index.
CBSE Class 10 Social Science Chapter 1 Development Short Answer Questions
Question. What are the developmental goals of landless rural labourers, prosperous farmers and, farmers who depend only on rains?
Answer : Developmental goals and aspirations for these farmers are different.
(i) Landless Rural Labourers: They would like to have more days of work and better wages; local schools to provide quality education to their children; there should not be any social discrimination so that they too can become leaders in the village.
(ii) Prosperous Farmers: They should have assurance of high family income through higher support prices for their crops through hardworking and cheap labourers. They also want that they should be able to settle their children abroad.
(iii) Farmers who Depend Only on Rains: These kind of farmers’ main goal is to have irrigational facilities, crop insurances on less premium and better facilities of life for them as well as their children.
Question. Which indicators are taken into consideration for measuring Human Development Index (HDI)?
Answer : (i) Per capita income (ii) Life expectancy at birth
(iii) Literacy rate for 15+ population (iv) Gross enrolment ratio for three levels.
Question. How does UN on the basis of Human Development Report compare countries?
Answer : UNDP compares countries based on:
(i) the educational levels of the people (ii) their health status and
(iii) per capita income.
Question. What is the main criterion used by the World Bank in classifying different countries? What are the limitations of this criterion, if any?
Answer : Per Capita Income is the main criterion used by the World Bank in classifying different countries.
The limitation of this criterion are:
It doesn’t show distribution of income.
It also ignores other factors such as infant mortality rate, literacy level, healthcare, etc.
Question. Why do we use averages? Are there any limitations to their use? Illustrate with your own examples related to development.
Answer : We use averages because they are useful for comparing differing quantities of the same category. For example, to compute the per capita income of a country, averages have to be used because there are differences in the incomes of diverse people. However, there are limitations to the use of averages. This does not show distribution of thing between people.
For an example, if a country has very high per capita income then we can’t say that citizen living in that country are very rich because we are not knowing about the distribution of wealth in that country. Some people might be richer while other people are very poorer in that country.
Question. Find out the present sources of energy that are used by the people in India. What could bethe other possibilities fifty years from now?
Answer : The present sources of energy that are used by the people of India are electricity, coal, crude oil, cow dung and solar energy. Other possibilities fifty years from now, could include ethanol, bio-diesel, nuclear energy and a better utilisation of wind energy, especially with the imminent danger of oil resources running out.
Question. “The Earth has enough resources to meet the needs of all but not enough to satisfy the greed of even one person”. How is this statement relevant to the discussion of development? Discuss.
Answer : “The Earth has enough resources to meet the needs of all but not enough to satisfy the greed of even one person”. This statement is relevant to the discussion of development since both resources and development go hand in hand. For the sustainability of development, the maintenance of resources is also crucial. As the statement claims, the Earth has enough resources- renewable and non-renewable to satisfy everyone’s needs; however, these need to be used with a view to keep the environment protected and clean so that a balance of production and use is maintained, and shortages are avoided.
CBSE Class 10 Social Science Chapter 1 Development Long Answer Questions
Question. Why do different persons have different notions of development. Explain.
Answer : It is because the life situations of persons are different.
- People seek things that are most important for them or that which can fulfil their aspirations or desires.
- For example: The developmental goals of a boy from a rich urban family would be to get admission in a reputed college, whereas the developmental goals of a girl from a rich urban family would be to get as much freedom as her brother.
Question. ‘‘Girls in India in the rural sector are sometimes not able to get secondary level education’’.
Give three reasons for the statement.
Answer : (i) Gender discrimination: India is a male dominating society. Particularly in rural areas, girl child is discriminated against male child and are not even sent for education.
(ii) Poverty: Due to wide-spread poverty in rural areas, people want girls to help in the household work, look after their siblings and do all household chores.
(iii) Distance: Secondary schools are not found in all the villages of India, therefore, they don’t prefer their girls to go to distances like nearby village merely for education.
Answer : At times, two persons or group of persons may seek things which are conflicting.
- A girl expects as much freedom and opportunity as her brother, and that he also shares in the household work. Her brother may not like this.
- Similarly, to get more electricity, industrialists may want more dams. But this may submerge the land and disrupt the lives of people, who are displaced, such as the tribals.
CBSE Class 10 Social Science Chapter 1 Development Source-based Question
Read the source given below and answer the questions that follow:
How is it that the average person in Haryana has more income than the average person in Kerala but lags behind in these crucial areas? The reason is — money in your pocket cannot buy all the goods and services that you may need to live well. So, income by itself is not a completely adequate indicator of material goods and services that citizens are able to use. For example, normally, your money cannot buy you a pollution-free environment or ensure that you get unadulterated medicines, unless you can afford to shift to a community that already has all these things. Money may also not be able to protect you from infectious diseases, unless the whole of your community takes preventive steps.
Question. Why is income by itself is not a completely adequate indicator of material goods and services?
Answer : The reason is — money in your pocket cannot buy all the goods and services that you may need to live well.
Question. What are the things money cannot buy?
Answer : Health, Fresh air, water, sunlight etc.
Question. Why is that Haryana having more income than Kerala lags behind Kerala?
Answer : This is because money cannot buy everything including health, fresh air etc.
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CBSE Class 10 Economics Understanding Economic Development Chapter 1 Development Assignment
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