CBSE Class 10 Social Science Print Culture and Modern World Assignment Set B

Objective Questions 

Question : Why couldn’t the production of hand written manuscripts satisfy the ever-increasing demand for books? Give any three reasons.
Answer :(i).In India, there is rich and old tradition of handwritten manuscripts in different languages which were copied on palm leaves or on handmade papers.
(ii)These manuscripts were highly expensive and fragile.
(iii).They needed careful handling

Question : Explain any three features of handwritten manuscripts before the age of print in India.
Answer : (a) In India, there is rich and old tradition of handwritten manuscripts in different languages which were copied on palm leaves or on handmade paper.
(b)These manuscripts were highly expensive, fragile and needed careful handling.
(c) These were preserved by pressing between the wooden covers or sewn together.
(d)Reading the manuscripts was not easy as they were written in different styles which limits its use.

Question : Explain any three factors responsible for the invention of new printing techniques.
Answer : (i)The handwritten manuscripts production was not sufficient to meet the demand.
(ii)These manuscripts were highly expensive, fragile and needed careful handling.
(iii)It was expensive and time consuming to copy the hand written manuscripts

Question : How’ were magazines different from novels? Write any three differences.
Answer : (i) The magazines had several stories whereas the novels had just one story.
(ii)The magazines were periodically published where as the novels were one time publication.
(iii)There might be several writers of one magazine but the novel shad only one author

Question : In what three ways did the printed books at first closely resemble the written manuscripts?
Answer : (a) Initially the printed books resembled the written manuscripts in appearance.
(b)It resembled in layout as the metal letters imitated the ornamental handwritten styles and the borders were illuminated by hand.
(C)There was blank space for decoration in the books printed for the rich and the design was chosen by the buyer

Question : How did the print bring the reading public and hearing public closer?
Answer :Earlier the society was divided into the oral culture and reading culture. The common people had the oral culture while only the rich people had the reading culture. The common people heard the texts collectively which were read out or recited or narrated to them.
The reading culture was only limited to the elites and they only read the books individually and silently. The reason behind this culture may be the books were expensive, produced less in numbers and also the literacy rate was very low in most of the European countries.
To solve the problem of illiteracy as a barrier in the wider reach of the printed books, the popular ballads and folk tales beautifully illustrated with pictures were published which were sung and recited in the village gatherings and the tavernsin towns.
Hence the line separating the oral culture and the reading culture started becoming blurred

Question : What was Protest antre formation?
Answer : Martin Luther was a religious reformer. His wrote95 theses in the year 1517 against the practices and rituals of the Roman Catholic Church.
This action of Martin Luther led to the division within the church and marked the beginning of the Protestant reformers.
It was basically a movement for the reformation of the Roman Catholic Church in the 16thcentury.

Question : Explain any three reasons which created a large number of new readers in the nineteenth century
Answer :(a)- During this period the literacy increased which increased the number of readers among the children, women and workers.
(b)Primary education was made compulsory and hence the children became the important section of readers. The publishing industries started producing the school textbooks. In theyear 1857, a children’s press was set up in France for publishing the literature for children only which published the new works along with the old fairy and folktales.
(C)Technique of lending libraries to educate white collarworkersinEuropeduringthe19thcentury.

Question : What were the limitations of the written manuscripts in India? Explain
Answer :(i) These manuscripts were highly expensive, fragile and needed careful handling.
(ii)Reading the manuscripts was not easy as they were written in different styles which limit its use.
(iii)It was not used in everyday life by the common people

Question : Examine the role of missionaries in the growth of press in India.
Answer :(i) The Portuguese missionaries firstly brought the printing press to Goa in India in the mid-16th century.
(ii)The Jesuit priests learnt Konkani and Kanara languages in India.
(iii)Tamil texts were also printed (32 texts) and translated by the Dutch missionaries by the year 1710

Question : How did the knowledge of wood block printing come to Europe? Explain.
Answer : (i) Menocchio was a miller in Italy who interpreted the message of Bible. The Roman Catholic Church was enraged due to his view of godand creation.
(ii)The Roman Catholic Church started identifying such ideas, beliefs and persons who wrote against the church and thus Menocchio was hauled up twice and finally executed.
(iii)Several restrictions were put over the publishers and the booksellers by the church and also the church ordered them to follow the Index of prohibited books from1558.

Question : How did print culture affect women in the nineteenth century?
Answer : 1. Women held an important position in the history of India as prominent readers and writers.
2. The Penny magazines were particularly meant for women. These were manuals that educated women on proper decorum and housekeeping facilities.
3. When novels began to be written in the nineteenth century, women were seen as important readers.

Question : Explain the effects of print culture in the religious sphere in early modern Europe.
Answer :(i) Martin Luther was a religious reformer. He wrote 95 theses in the year 1517 against the practices and rituals of the Roman Catholic Church
(ii) Menocchio was a miller in Italy who interpreted the message of Bible. The Roman Catholic Church was enraged due to his view of godand creation.
(iii)The Roman Catholic Church started identifying such ideas, beliefs and persons who wrote against the church and thus Menocchio was hauled up twice and finally executed

Question : Who invented printing press? How did he develop the printing technology?
Answer :Johann Gutenberg developed the first known printing press in 1430s at Strasbourg, Germany.
Most of his childhood was spent on a large agricultural estate where he saw wine and olive presses. He learnt polishing stones and created lead moulds.
The olive press was the model for the printing press and the moulds were used for casting the metal types for the letters of the alphabet

Question : Who was Menocchio?
Answer : Menocchio was an Italian mill worker who was tried by the Inquisition for his heretical views on religion.

Long Answer Type Questions