CBSE Class 12 Chemistry Biomolecules Notes Set C

Download CBSE Class 12 Chemistry Biomolecules Notes Set C in PDF format. All Revision notes for Class 12 Chemistry have been designed as per the latest syllabus and updated chapters given in your textbook for Chemistry in Class 12. Our teachers have designed these concept notes for the benefit of Class 12 students. You should use these chapter wise notes for revision on daily basis. These study notes can also be used for learning each chapter and its important and difficult topics or revision just before your exams to help you get better scores in upcoming examinations, You can also use Printable notes for Class 12 Chemistry for faster revision of difficult topics and get higher rank. After reading these notes also refer to MCQ questions for Class 12 Chemistry given on studiestoday

Revision Notes for Class 12 Chemistry Unit 14 Biomolecules

Class 12 Chemistry students should refer to the following concepts and notes for Unit 14 Biomolecules in Class 12. These exam notes for Class 12 Chemistry will be very useful for upcoming class tests and examinations and help you to score good marks

Unit 14 Biomolecules Notes Class 12 Chemistry

Bio molecule

Gist Of The Chapter

1.Carbohydrates‐ These are optically active polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones due to presence of chiral `C’ or the compounds which produce these on hydrolysis except dihydroxy acetone is not optically active.

2. Classification

i) Monosaccharide’s – Those carbohydrates which cannot get hydrolysed e.g. glucose ,fructose, galactose etc.

(ii) OligosaccharidesThose carbohydrates which give to or more monosaccharide’s on hydrolysis e.g. sucrose on hydrolysis gives glucose and fructose. Raffinose on hydrolysis gives glucose, fructose and galactose.

(iii) Polysaccharides‐ Those carbohydrates which on hydrolysis give large number of monosaccharide’s hydrolysis.eg starch, cellulose, glycogen.

3. Sugar-

i)Reducing SugarsThose which reduce Fehling’s or Tollen’s reagent. They have free aldehydic groups, eg , glucose, fructose , galactose

(ii)Non Reducing SugarsThose which do not reduce Fehling’s or Tollen’s reagent. They do not have free functional group ,e.g., sucrose

4. Glucose‐ It is a monosaccharide’s with molecular formula C6H12O6

5. Preparation

(i)F mSucrose

C12H22O11 + H2O ‐‐‐‐‐‐‐> C6H12O6 + C6H12O6 ( Only from sucrose)

(ii)From tarch

(C6H10O5)n + nH2O ‐‐‐‐‐‐‐> C12H22011 + H20 ‐‐‐‐‐‐> 2C6H12O6

6.Structure

(i)Fischer structure –

CHO — (CHOH)4 — CH2OH

(+) Glucose has `D’ configuration as shown

 class_12_chemistry_concept_36

`D’ means —OH group on first chiral `C’ from the bottom is on right hand and + means it is dextro rotator, i.e, it rotates plane polarized light towards right.

(ii) Cyclic Structure OF Glucose: the straight chain is unable to explain the following reactions.

(a) It does not give the 2, 4‐DNP test, Schiff’s Test and does not form the hydrogensulphide product with NaHSO3 .

(b) The pentacetate of glucose does not react with NH2OH, indicating the absence of free aldehydic group.

(iii) Glucose exist in 2 different crystalline forms α and β forms. These are called anomers. They differ in optical rotation, they also differ in melting point.

Anomers are isomers which have a different configuration across C1 (first chiral ‘C’ atom).

7. Glycosidic Linkage: The linkage between two monosaccharide units through oxygen is called the glycosidic linkage. 

8. Proteins: These are micro molecules made up of amino acids joined via a peptide link ( ‐(‐CONH‐)‐ is the peptide linkage). These are required for growth and development of the body. 

9. Amino Acids: These contain an amino (‐NH2) and an acidic (‐COOH) group and are therefore amphoteric in nature. In solution they exist in the form of zwitter ion. 

10. Classification

CBSE Class 12 Chemistry notes and questions for Biomolecules Part B 1

11. Structure And Shape of Protein

CBSE Class 12 Chemistry notes and questions for Biomolecules Part B 2
CBSE Class 12 Chemistry notes and questions for Biomolecules Part B 3
12. Denaturaion of Protein: The protein in native state, when subjected to a physical change like temperature, pH etc undergoes uncoiling and looses it’s biological activity. The 2o and 3o structures are destroyed, only 1o structure is retained.
 
Renaturation of Protein:
Some proteins regain their biological activity by reversible process it is called Renaturation of Proteins. In such a cases, when temperature in pH of a denatured proteins is brought back to conditions in which the native protein is stable, secondary and tertiary structures of proteins are restored to which leads to recovery of biological activity.
 
13. Enzymes: These are biocatalyst and generally globular proteins e.g., invertase,zymase,phenyl, alaninehydroxylase, urease etc.
 
14. Vitamins: They are organic compounds required in the diet in small amounts to perform specific biological functions for maintenance of optimum growth and health of the organism. They are classified as follows
(i) Fat Soluble Vitamins: Vitamin A,D,E and K. They are stored in liver and adipose tissues. 
(ii) Water Soluble Vitamins: B group vitamins and vitamin C. They need to supplied regularly in diet as they are excreted in urine and cannot be stored(except vitamin B12) in our body.
Their deficiency causes diseases.Biotin (Vit H) is however neither fat nor water soluble. It’s deficiency leads to loss of hair. 

15. Nucleic Acids: These are biomolecules which are long chain polymers of nucleotides. They are: 
(i) Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) 
(ii) Ribonucleic acid (RNA) 
They are responsible for protein synthesis and transfer of genetic characteristics to offspring’s. 

16. Composition of Nucleic Acid:
They are made up of pentose sugar(β‐D‐2‐deoxyribose in DNA and β‐Dribose in RNA), phosphoric acid and a nitrogen containing heterocyclic compound(base). 
DNA‐ Bases present are Adenine(A), Thymine(T),Guanine(G) and Cytosine(C). 
RNA‐ contains Adenine(A), Guanine(G), Cytosine(C) and Uracil(U). 

17. Nucleoside: The unit formed by the attachment of a base to n1’‐ position of sugar (Base+Sugar). 

18. Nucleotide: Nucleoside and phosphoric acid at 5’‐position.Nucleotides are bonded by phosphodiester linkages between 5’ and 3’ carbon atoms of pentose sugar (Base+ Sugar+ Phosphoric Acid). 

19.DNA : has a double helical structure with AT and GC linked together through 2 and 3 hydrogen bonds respectively. It is responsible for transfer of genetic characteristics. 

20. RNA: is of three types‐ messenger RNA(m‐RNA), ribosomal RNA(r‐ RNA) and transfer RNA (t‐RNA). RNA helps in protein synthesis. 

21. Biological Functions of Nuclei Acid: DNA is chemical basis of hereditary and have the coded message for proteins to be synthesized in the cell. RNA carry out the protein synthesis in the cell.

 

Please click the link below to download pdf file for CBSE Class 12 Chemistry notes and questions for Biomolecules Part B.

z More Study Material for Class 12 Chemistry
Class 12 Chemistry Full Study Material For Boards Revision

More Study Material

CBSE Class 12 Chemistry Unit 14 Biomolecules Notes

We hope you liked the above notes for topic Unit 14 Biomolecules which has been designed as per the latest syllabus for Class 12 Chemistry released by CBSE. Students of Class 12 should download and practice the above notes for Class 12 Chemistry regularly. All revision notes have been designed for Chemistry by referring to the most important topics which the students should learn to get better marks in examinations. Studiestoday is the best website for Class 12 students to download all latest study material.

Notes for Chemistry CBSE Class 12 Unit 14 Biomolecules

Our team of expert teachers have referred to the NCERT book for Class 12 Chemistry to design the Chemistry Class 12 notes. If you read the concepts and revision notes for one chapter daily, students will get higher marks in Class 12 exams this year. Daily revision of Chemistry course notes and related study material will help you to have a better understanding of all concepts and also clear all your doubts. You can download all Revision notes for Class 12 Chemistry also from www.studiestoday.com absolutely free of cost in Pdf format. After reading the notes which have been developed as per the latest books also refer to the NCERT solutions for Class 12 Chemistry provided by our teachers

Unit 14 Biomolecules Notes for Chemistry CBSE Class 12

All revision class notes given above for Class 12 Chemistry have been developed as per the latest curriculum and books issued for the current academic year. The students of Class 12 can rest assured that the best teachers have designed the notes of Chemistry so that you are able to revise the entire syllabus if you download and read them carefully. We have also provided a lot of MCQ questions for Class 12 Chemistry in the notes so that you can learn the concepts and also solve questions relating to the topics. All study material for Class 12 Chemistry students have been given on studiestoday.

Unit 14 Biomolecules CBSE Class 12 Chemistry Notes

Regular notes reading helps to build a more comprehensive understanding of Unit 14 Biomolecules concepts. notes play a crucial role in understanding Unit 14 Biomolecules in CBSE Class 12. Students can download all the notes, worksheets, assignments, and practice papers of the same chapter in Class 12 Chemistry in Pdf format. You can print them or read them online on your computer or mobile.

Notes for CBSE Chemistry Class 12 Unit 14 Biomolecules

CBSE Class 12 Chemistry latest books have been used for writing the above notes. If you have exams then you should revise all concepts relating to Unit 14 Biomolecules by taking out a print and keeping them with you. We have also provided a lot of Worksheets for Class 12 Chemistry which you can use to further make yourself stronger in Chemistry

Where can I download latest CBSE Class 12 Chemistry Unit 14 Biomolecules notes

You can download notes for Class 12 Chemistry Unit 14 Biomolecules for latest academic session from StudiesToday.com

Can I download the Notes for Unit 14 Biomolecules Class 12 Chemistry in Pdf format

Yes, you can click on the link above and download notes PDFs for Class 12 Chemistry Unit 14 Biomolecules which you can use for daily revision

Are the revision notes available for Unit 14 Biomolecules Class 12 Chemistry for the latest CBSE academic session

Yes, the notes issued for Class 12 Chemistry Unit 14 Biomolecules have been made available here for latest CBSE session

How can I download the Unit 14 Biomolecules Class 12 Chemistry Notes pdf

You can easily access the link above and download the Class 12 Notes for Chemistry Unit 14 Biomolecules for each topic in Pdf

Is there any charge for the Class 12 Chemistry Unit 14 Biomolecules notes

There is no charge for the notes for CBSE Class 12 Chemistry Unit 14 Biomolecules, you can download everything free of charge

Which is the best online platform to find notes for Unit 14 Biomolecules Class 12 Chemistry

www.studiestoday.com is the best website from which you can download latest notes for Unit 14 Biomolecules Chemistry Class 12

Where can I find topic-wise notes for Class 12 Chemistry Unit 14 Biomolecules

Come to StudiesToday.com to get best quality topic wise notes for Class 12 Chemistry Unit 14 Biomolecules

Can I get latest Unit 14 Biomolecules Class 12 Chemistry revision notes as per CBSE syllabus

We have provided all notes for each topic of Class 12 Chemistry Unit 14 Biomolecules as per latest CBSE syllabus