Download the latest CBSE Class 12 Chemistry P Block Elements Notes Set A in PDF format. These Class 12 Chemistry revision notes are carefully designed by expert teachers to align with the 2025-26 syllabus. These notes are great daily learning and last minute exam preparation and they simplify complex topics and highlight important definitions for Class 12 students.
Chapter-wise Revision Notes for Class 12 Chemistry Unit 07 The p-Block Elements
To secure a higher rank, students should use these Class 12 Chemistry Unit 07 The p-Block Elements notes for quick learning of important concepts. These exam-oriented summaries focus on difficult topics and high-weightage sections helpful in school tests and final examinations.
Unit 07 The p-Block Elements Revision Notes for Class 12 Chemistry
1.Account for the following: (Group 15 elements)
(i) There is a considerable increase in covalent radius from N to P. However, from As to Bi only small increase in covalent radius is observed.
Ans: This is due to the presence of completely filled d and/or f orbital in heavier members which have low screening effect.
(ii) Ionization enthalpy decreases down the group 15.
Ans: Due to gradual increase in atomic size.
(iii) The ionization enthalpy of the group 15 elements is much greater than that of group 14 elements in the corresponding periods.
Ans: Because of the extra stable half-filled p orbital electronic configuration and smaller size.
(iv) Nitrogen exists as gas and phosphorus as solid.
Ans: Because N2 is Diatomic molecules, hence weak Vander Waal’s force of attraction thus is a gas whereas P4 is tetra atomic hence Stronger Vander Waal’s force of attraction thus it is solid.
Symbol
(v) NH3 is basic while BiH3 is only feebly basic.
Ans: NH3 is basic due to smaller size & high electron density on lone pair of Nitrogen.
(vi) The HNH angle value is higher than HPH, HAsH, and HSbH angles.
Ans: Due to increase in repulsion by the lone pair with increase in size of lone pair from N to Sb.
(vii) R3P=O exist but R3N=O does not.
Ans: Due to the absence of d orbitals in valence shell of nitrogen. Because of inability of Nitrogen to expand its covalency beyond four, nitrogen cannot form d π–p π bond.
(viii) Nitrogen shows catenation properties less than phosphorus.
Ans: Because N-N bond is weaker than the single P-P bond.& strong pπ–pπ overlap in Nitrogen.
(ix) Ammonia has higher boiling point than Phosphine.
Ans: Ammonia (NH3) form hydrogen bond but Phosphine (PH3) does not.
(x) H3PO3 is diprotic acid.
Ans: Due to presence of two ionisable –OH group. (Draw the structure of H3PO3).
(xi) Oxides of nitrogen have open chain structures while those of phosphorus have closed chain or cage structures
Ans:Nitrogen has ability to form multiple bonds involving p-p overlap while Phosphorous does not.
(xii) A nitrogen atom has five valence electrons but it does not form the compound NCl5.
Ans: Because of absence of d-orbitals it can’t expand its covalency from 3 to 5..
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CBSE Class 12 Chemistry Unit 07 The p-Block Elements Notes
Students can use these Revision Notes for Unit 07 The p-Block Elements to quickly understand all the main concepts. This study material has been prepared as per the latest CBSE syllabus for Class 12. Our teachers always suggest that Class 12 students read these notes regularly as they are focused on the most important topics that usually appear in school tests and final exams.
NCERT Based Unit 07 The p-Block Elements Summary
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Unit 07 The p-Block Elements Complete Revision and Practice
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