CBSE Class 12 Informatics Practices

CBSE class 12 Informatics Practices book, solved sample papers and past year question papers with solutions, get latest syllabus and study notes for important topics computer networking, open source concepts, gui programming review, basic of object oriented programming, advanced programming concepts, data connectivity etc, all study material has been prepared based on latest guidelines, term examination pattern and blueprint issued by cbse and ncert

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Unit 1: Data Handling using Pandas and Data Visualization (25 Marks)

  • Introduction to Python libraries- Pandas, Matplotlib;
  • Data structures in Pandas - Series and Data Frames.
  • Series: Creation of Series from – ndarray, dictionary, scalar value; mathematical operations; Head() and Tail() functions; Selection, Indexing and Slicing.
  • Data Frames: creation- from dictionary of Series, list of dictionaries, Text/CSV files, display; iteration; Operations on rows and columns: add, select, delete, rename; Head and Tail functions; Indexing using Labels, Boolean Indexing;
  • Importing/Exporting Data between CSV files and Data Frames.
  • Data Visualization: Purpose of plotting; drawing and saving following types of plots using Matplotlib – line plot, bar graph, histogram
  • Customizing plots: adding label, title, and legend in plots.

Note for Students: This unit focuses on mastering data manipulation with Pandas and creating visual representations of data using Matplotlib to identify trends and patterns.

Unit 2: Database Query using SQL (25 Marks)

  • Revision of database concepts and SQL commands covered in class XI
  • Math functions: POWER (), ROUND (), MOD ().
  • Text functions: UCASE ()/UPPER (), LCASE ()/LOWER (), MID ()/SUBSTRING ()/SUBSTR (), LENGTH (), LEFT (), RIGHT (), INSTR (), LTRIM (), RTRIM (), TRIM ().
  • Date Functions: NOW (), DATE (), MONTH (), MONTHNAME (), YEAR (), DAY (), DAYNAME ().
  • Aggregate Functions: MAX (), MIN (), AVG (), SUM (), COUNT (); using COUNT (*).
  • Querying and manipulating data using Group by, Having, Order by.
  • Working with two tables using equi-join

Note for Students: You will learn advanced SQL operations, including built-in functions for data transformation and techniques for aggregating and joining data from multiple tables.

Unit 3: Introduction to Computer Networks (10 Marks)

  • Introduction to networks, Types of network: PAN, LAN, MAN, WAN.
  • Network Devices: modem, hub, switch, repeater, router, gateway
  • Network Topologies: Star, Bus, Tree, Mesh.
  • Introduction to Internet, URL, WWW, and its applications- Web, email, Chat, VoIP.
  • Website: Introduction, difference between a website and webpage, static vs dynamic web page, web server and hosting of a website.
  • Web Browsers: Introduction, commonly used browsers, browser settings, add-ons and plug-ins, cookies.

Note for Students: This unit provides a foundational understanding of how computers communicate, covering everything from hardware devices and network layouts to the mechanics of the World Wide Web.

Unit 4: Societal Impacts (10 Marks)

  • Digital footprint, net and communication etiquettes, data protection, intellectual property rights (IPR), plagiarism, licensing and copyright, free and open source software (FOSS), cybercrime and cyber laws, hacking, phishing, cyber bullying, overview of Indian IT Act.
  • E-waste: hazards and management.
  • Awareness about health concerns related to the usage of technology.

Note for Students: Explore the ethical, legal, and environmental implications of technology, focusing on digital security, intellectual property, and responsible usage of electronic devices.