CBSE Class 12 Chemistry All Chapters Revision Notes

Revision Notes for Class 12 Chemistry: All topics

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 class_12-chemistry_concept_46 

III# FIND ODD-ONE OUT (with proper reasoning )

1. Bitional, 0.2% phenol, Tincture Iodine, Chloramphenicol, Iodoform

2. Aspirin, Paracetamol, Morphene, Phenacetin

3. Tetracycline, Chloramphenicol, Ofloxacin, Penicillin.

4. Sodium Benzoate, Saccharin, Sucralose, Aspartame, Alitame

5. Ethynylestradiol, BHT, Progestrone derivative, norethindrone

6. brompheniramine , terfenadine, soframicine , pseudopheniramine.

7. Luminal, Seconal, Alkyl benzene sulphonate, Equanil,Calmpose.

8. Omeprazole , Ethynylestradiol , Ranitidine , Mg(OH)2 , NaHCO3 , Al(OH)3 , MgCO3 ,MgSiO3 .

9. Boric acid, tincture iodine , 1% Phenol , Iodoform, Bithional .

10. Cetyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, Sodium palmitate, Alkylbenzene Sulphonate, Sodium dodecylbenzene Sulphonate

11. Alitame , Salt of propionic acid and sorbic acid , Sodium benzoate .

12. Iproniazid , phenelzine ,sulphanilamide , equanil , luminal

IV# ANALOGICAL TEST :-

1. Chloramphenicol : Broad-spectrum antibiotics :: Aspirin : ---------------------------------------

2. Bithional: Anticeptics :: Seconal : ----------------------------------------

3. Saccharin: artificial sweeteners : : Cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide : -------

4. Morphene : -------------------------------:: Equanil : Psychotherapeutic Drugs .

5. Barbituirates :Hypnotic :: brompheniramine : -----------------------------------

6. Progestrone Derivative : Oral Contraceptive :: Ranitidine: -------------------------------------

7. Tetrazine : Edible colours :: Aspartame : -------------------------------------

8. Ofloxacin : Bactericidal :: ------------------------------: Bacteriostatic

9. Proteins which perform the role of biological catalyst : Enzyme:: Proteins which are crucial to communication system in the body; -----------------------------

10. Antipyretic: Brings down body temp. :: ---------------------: Alleviate pain .

11. Laundry soap: Sodium rosinate, Sodium silicate, borax and Sodium carbonate Scouring soaps: -----------------------------------------------------------------------

V# MATCH THE FOLLOWING:-

V# Explain / Give reason?????

1# Why do soaps not work in hard water?

2# Why are cimetidine and ranitidine better antacids than sodium hydrogen carbonate or magnesium or aluminum hydroxide?

3# While antacids and antiallergic drugs interfere with the function of histamines, why do these not interfere with the function of each other?

CBSE Class 12 Chemistry All Chapters Revision Notes 1

4# Sleeping pills are recommended by doctors to the patients suffering from sleeplessness but it is not advisable to take its doses without consultation with the doctor. Why?
 
5# Why do we require artificial sweetening agents?
 
6# Why do we need to classify drugs in different ways?
 
7# Explain the term, target molecules or drug targets as used in medicinal chemistry.
 
8# Why should not medicines be taken without consulting doctors?
 
9# Why is use of aspartame limited to cold foods and drinks?
 
10# Explain the cleansing action of soaps.
 
11# Why are detergents usually preferred to soaps for washing clothes.
 
12# Why is ethanol is added to soap.
 
13# Explain the term, target molecules or drug targets as used in medicinal chemistry.
 
14# Why saving soaps contain glycerol in it?

VI # DO AS DIRECTED :-
 
1# If water contains dissolved calcium hydrogen carbonate, out of soaps and synthetic detergents which one will you use for cleaning clothes? Give one advantage of soaps over synthetic detergents.
 
2# Which forces are involved in holding the drugs to the active site of enzymes?
 
3 # Can you use soaps or synthetic detergents to check the hardness of water?
 
4# Explain the following terms with suitable examples (i) cationic detergents (ii)anionic detergents and (iii) non-ionic detergents.
 
5# How are synthetic detergents better than soaps?
 
6# What problem arises in using (i) alitame as artificial sweetener? (ii) Aspartame as artificial sweetener?

7# What is tincture of iodine? What is its use?

8# What are the main constituents of dettol?

9# Name a substance which can be used as an antiseptic as well as disinfectant.

10# Name the macromolecules that are chosen as drug targets.

11# Name the sweetening agent used in the preparation of sweets for a diabetic patient.

12# Name a drug used (a) in case of mental depression (b) for effective treatment for syphilis

13# Name the medicine which can act as analgesic as well as antipyretic. Give its chemical name.

14# Name the place in India where penicillin is manufactured.

15# How do antiseptics differ from disinfectants? Give one example of each.

16# Low level of noradrenaline is the cause of depression. What type of drugs are needed to cure this problem? Name two drugs.

17# Define the term chemotherapy. What are the criteria of classification of drugs?

18# With reference to which classification has the statement, “ranitidine is an antacid” been given?

19 # What is the constitutes of (i) Laundry soap (ii) Scouring soap

20 # Write the chemical equation for preparing sodium soap from glyceryl oleate and glyceryl palmitate. Structural formulae of these compounds are given below.

(i) (C15H31COO)3C3H5 – Glyceryl palmitate
(ii) (C17H32COO)3C3H5 – Glyceryl oleate

21# Following type of non-ionic detergents are present in liquid detergents, emulsifying agents and wetting agents. Label the hydrophilic and hydrophobic parts in the molecule.
Identify the functional group(s) present in the molecule.
C9H19--       --O(CH2CH2O)xCH2CH2OH

22# Label the hydrophilic and hydrophobic parts in the following compounds.

(i) CH3(CH2)10CH2OSO3ˉ Na+   (ii) CH3(CH2)15N+(CH3)3Brˉ (iii) CH3(CH2)10COO(CH2CH2O)nCH2CH2OH

23# Differentiate between

(i) Antiseptic and disinfectant (ii) Soaps and Detergents (iii) Antagonist and agonists
(iv) Enzymes and Receptors
( 3 mark question)
 
24# What are detergents? How are they classified, give one example in each case? Why are detergents usually preferred to soaps for washing clothes? [ AI-2006, Foreign-2005]
 
25# What are biodegradable and non-biodegradable detergents? How do they differ structurally? Give one example of each. What are the consequence of using latter class of detergent?
 
26# What are antihistamines? Give two examples. Explain how they act on the human body . (3M)
 
27 # Account for the following:-
(i) Aspirin drug helps in the prevention of heart attack (ii) Detergents are nonbiodegradable while soaps are biodegradable (iii) Diabetic patients are advised to take artificial sweeteners instead of natural sweeteners

  

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