Chemistry Concept Notes for Class 12: All topics
Access comprehensive revision notes for All topics using the CBSE Class 12 Chemistry Important Formulae. Designed to align with the 2026-27 academic syllabus for Class 12 Chemistry, these concept summaries help students streamline their exam preparation and review complex topics efficiently.
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Concepts for anomalous properties / exceptions in chemistry
1) Ionisation Energy
2. Electronegativity
3. Electron gain enthalpy
4. Atomic / ionic radii
5. Oxidation Number
6. Bond dissociation enthalpy
7. Charge by Radius ratio
8. Lattice enthalpy
9. Hydration Enythalpy
10. Presence and absence of vacant d-orbital
11. Size – p-ᴨ - p-ᴨ and p-ᴨ - d-ᴨ overlapping
12. Fajan’s Rule (Covalent character)
13. Presence and absence Odd Electron
14. H-bond formation ability
15. Lewis – Base Character
16. Dipole moment / Polarity
17. Reducing and oxidizing ability - Electrode potential
18. Intermolecular force of attraction
19. Catenation property / ability to form allotrope
20. State of substance – solid / liquid / gas
21. Inert pair effect
22. Repulsive interaction
23. Exothermic and endothermic compound
24. 600 angular strain
26. Types of oxides – acidic, basic, amphoteric
27. Isostructural compounds
28. Monomeric / polymeric
29. State of hybridization.
30. Imperfect screening
31. Paramagnetic / diamagnetic
32. Multiple bond formation ability
33. Effective nuclear charge
15) Ca(OH)2 +Cl2 →
16) NaCl + MnO2 + H2SO4 →
17) HgCl2 + PH3→
18) U + ClF3 →
19) XeF4 + H2O →
20) XeF6 + H2O →
21) KMnO4 + HCl →
22) KI (aq) + H2O(l) + O3 (g) →
23) CuSO4 + NH3 →
24) PCl5 + H2O(excess) →
25) (NH4)2Cr2O7 --(heat)→
26) P4 + NaOH +H2O →
27) Al2O3 + NaOH + H2O →
28) HCl + O2 + CuCl2(Catalyst)→
29) XeF2 (s) + H2O (l) →
30) NH3 + Cl2 (excess) →
31) Fe3+ + SO2+ 2H2O →
32) Br2 + KI →
33) Cl2 + H2O →
34) NaOH + SO2 →
35) SO2 + MnO4ˉ + H+ →
36) Fe + HCl →
37) Cl2(g) + NaI(aq) →
38) Na2S2O3 + I2 →
39) Na2S2O3 + Cl2 + H2O →
40) ClF + H2O →
41) XeF4 + O2F2 →
42) Cl2 + NaOH (cold and dil.) →
43) NH3 (excess) + Cl2 →
44) SO2+ V2O5 →
45) H3PO3 + Heat →
46) SF4 + H2O →
47) Al2O3 + HCl + H2O →
48) HNO3 + P4O10 →
49) NH4NO3 + Heat →
50) AgCl + NH3 →
51) NaN3 + Heat →
52) Ag + PCl5 →
53) PCl3 + H2O →
54) Zn + dil. HNO3 →
WORD ROOTS -prefix
1. Homo-- / Hetero :
2. Endo- / Exo-
3. Ultra-- / Infra –
4. Dextro- / Laevo –
5. Phobia- / Philic --- Lyophobic / lyophilic : Hydrohobic / hydrophilic
6. Pre- - Post –
7. Ante- / post : Penultimate / ante-penultimate
8. Mon- -/ bi- or di- / tri- / tetra- / penta -- Oligo - ………………… Poly- [ Monomer /polymer : monochromatic / polychromatic
9. Bis- tris- tetrakis
10.Inter- / Intra-
11.Hypo- / Hyper- : Hypotonic and hyper tonic solution
12.Primary- / secondary/ tertiary / Quaternary –
13.Super- / Sub : Supersonic , Subsonic
14.In- / Ex-
15. Singlet / duplet / triplet / quartet
16.Protic / aprotic solvent
17.Triads / Octaves
18.Entegegen - / Zusaman
19. Trans- / Cis –
20.Isomorphous / Polymorphous
21.Zeotrope / Azeotrope
22.Semi - / hemi- / demi –
23. Iso-- : Isotope / Isobar / Isoelectronic / Isotone / Isomer
24.Isotherm / Isobar / Isochore / Isotonic Solution / Isomorphous / isolobal
25.Isotropic / Anisotropic
26.Isomorphous / Polymorphous
27.Anomalous / Analogous
28.Intensive / Extensive : Intrinsic / Extrinsic
29.Dynamic / Static
30. Dehydration / Decarboxylation/Dehydrogenation
WORD ROOTS
Auto- self; tele- distance; Chroma – colour; Phone – sound; Algia = pain
Pyre- fire , heat
Photo- light Phobia – fearness, Phile – love towards, affinity towards
Metron-- measurement Stoichion - element Atomio – not divisible Oligo-fewPoly –many
Amphi , Ambi - both , on both side , around Halo- salt , Chalco-ore gene - born ,
form
1. Dent – tooth ,Chaeleo- crab Aroma - smell scribe – to write
2. Therm- Heat
3. Therapy – to cure
Antiseptic / Antibacterial / Anti allergic
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All topics Concepts and Summary for Class 12 Chemistry
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