CBSE Class 10 Geography Resources And Development Worksheet Set F

1. Read the source given below and answer the questions that follows:

On the Basis of the Status of Development Potential Resources: Resources which are found in a region, but have not been utilised. For example, the western parts of India particularly Rajasthan and Gujarat have enormous potential for the development of wind and solar energy, but so far these have not been developed properly. Developed Resources: Resources which are surveyed and their quality and quantity have been determined for utilisation. The development of resources depends on technology and level of their feasibility. Identify at least two resources from each category. Do you know that India has got the right to mine manganese nodules from the bed of the Indian Ocean from that area which lies beyond the exclusive economic zone. Identify some other resources which are international in nature. Stock: Materials in the environment which have the potential to satisfy human needs but human beings do not have the appropriate technology to access these, are included among stock. For example, water is a compound of two gases; hydrogen and oxygen. Hydrogen can be used as a rich source of energy. But we do not have advanced technical ‘know-how’ to use it for this purpose. Hence, it can be considered as stock. Reserves are the subset of the stock, which can be put into use with the help of existing technical ‘know-how’ but their use has not been started. These can be used for meeting future requirements. River water can be used for generating hydroelectric power but presently, it is being utilised only to a limited extent. Thus, the water in the dams, forests etc. is a reserve which can be used in the future.

Answer the following MCQs by choosing the most appropriate option.

Question: Which one of the following statements is true about the term resources?
a) Resources are free gifts of nature.
b) They are the functions of human activities.
c) All those things which are found in nature.
d) Things which cannot be used to fulfill our needs.
Answer: b

Question: Resources which are surveyed and their quality and quantity have been determined for utilisation are __________.
a) Potential Resources
b) Individual Resources
c) Developed Resources
d) Stock
Answer: c

Question: Resources that take long geological time for their formation are called:
a) Renewable resources
b) Reserve
c) Community resources
d) Non-renewable resources
Answer: d

(ii) Identify the correct basis of the Status of Development potential resources.

Basis Potential   resources
(a) resources                     1. No appropriate technology to use them
(b) stock                        2. Not utilised
(c) developed resource      3. Subset of the stock
(d) reserves                     4. Surveyed (quantity and quality)

Choose the correct option-

(a) (a)-1, (b)–3, (c)–2, (d)–4
(b) (a)–2, (b)–1, (c)–4, (d)–3
(c) (a)–3, (b)–1, (c)–4, (d)–2
(d) (a)–4, (b)–2, (c)–3, (d)–1
Answer: b

2. Read the source given below and answer the questions that follows:

We have shared our land with the past generations and will have to do so with the future generations too. Ninety-five per cent of our basic needs for food, shelter and clothing are obtained from land. Human activities have not only brought about degradation of land but have also aggravated the pace of natural forces to cause damage to land. Some human activities such as deforestation, over grazing, mining and quarrying too have contributed significantly in land degradation. Mining sites are abandoned after excavation work is complete leaving deep scars and traces of over-burdening. In states like Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh and Odisha deforestation due to mining have caused severe land degradation. In states like Gujarat, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra overgrazing is one of the main reasons for land degradation. In the states of Punjab, Haryana, western Uttar Pradesh, over irrigation is responsible for land degradation due to water logging leading to increase in salinity and alkalinity in the soil. The mineral processing like grinding of limestone for cement industry and calcite and soapstone for ceramic industry generate huge quantity of dust in the atmosphere. It retards the process of infiltration of water into the soil after it settles down on the land. In recent years, industrial effluents as waste have become a major source of land and water pollution in many parts of the country. There are many ways to solve the problems of land degradation. Afforestation and proper management of grazing can help to some extent. Planting of shelter belts of plants, control on over grazing, stabilisation of sand dunes by growing thorny bushes are some of the methods to check land degradation in arid areas. Proper management of waste lands, control of mining activities, proper discharge and disposal of industrial effluents and wastes after treatment can reduce land and water degradation in industrial and suburban areas.

Answer the following MCQs by choosing the most appropriate option.

Question: In which of the following States mining has caused severe land degradation?
a) Gujarat
b) Jharkhand
c) Kerala
d) Uttarakhand
Answer: b

Question: In which of the following states is overgrazing responsible for land degradation?
a) Jharkhand and Orissa
b) Madhya Pradesh and Rajasthan
c) Punjab and Haryana
d) Kerala and Tamil Nadu
Answer: b

Question: Which one of the following is the main cause of land degradation in Punjab?
a) Intensive cultivation
b) Deforestation
c) Over-irrigation
d) Overgrazing
Answer: c

Question: One of the following which does not check land degradation–
a) control on overgrazing
b) creating shelter belts
c) deforestation
d) afforestation
Answer: c

3. Read the source given below and answer the questions that follows:

Renewable Resources: The resources which can be renewed or reproduced by physical, chemical or mechanical processes are known as renewable or replenishable resources. For example, solar and wind energy, water, forests and wildlife, etc. The renewable resource may further be divided into continuous or flow Non-Renewable Resources: These occur over a very long geological time. Minerals and fossil fuels are examples of such resources. These resources take millions of years in their formation. Some of the resources like metals are recyclable and some like fossil fuels cannot be recycled and get exhausted with their use. On the Basis of Ownership Individual Resources: These are also owned privately by individuals. Many farmers own land which is allotted to them by government against the payment of revenue. In villages there are people with land ownership but there are many who are landless. Urban people own plots, houses and other property. Plantation, pasture lands, ponds, water in wells etc. are some of the examples of resources ownership by individuals. Make a list of resources owned by your household. Community Owned Resources: There are resources which are accessible to all the members of the community. Village commons (grazing grounds, burial grounds, village ponds, etc.) public parks, picnic spots, playgrounds in urban areas are de facto accessible to all the people living there. National Resources: Technically, all the resources belong to the nation. The country has legal powers to acquire even private property for public good. You might have seen roads, canals, railways being constructed on fields owned by some individuals. Urban Development Authorities get empowered by the government to acquire land. All the minerals, water resources, forests, wildlife, land within the political boundaries and oceanic area up to 12 nautical miles (22.2 km) from the coast termed as territorial water and resources therein belong to the nation. International Resources: There are international institutions which regulate some resources. The oceanic resources beyond 200 nautical miles of the Exclusive Economic Zone belong to open ocean and no individual country can utilise these without the concurrence of international institutions.

Answer the following MCQs by choosing the most appropriate option.

Question: Which one of the following is not the community owned resource?
a) Burial grounds
b) Grazing grounds
c) Privately owned house
d) Village ponds
Answer: c

Question: Which among the following is a type of resources classified on the basis of exhaustibility?
a) National and individual
b) Renewable and non-renewable
c) Biotic and abiotic
d) Potential and reserves
Answer: b

Question: Resources that take long geological time for their formation are called:
a) Renewable resources
b) Reserve
c) Community resources
d) Non-renewable resources
Answer: d

(ii) Match the following
1. Renewable resource        (a) wells
2. Individual resource         (b) Ocean
3. National resource           (c) solar energy
4. International resource    (d) plantation

Choose the correct option:
(a) 1–(a), 2–(c), 3–(d), 4–(b)
(b) 1–(c), 2–(d), 3–(a), 4–(b)
(c) 1–(b), 2–(a), 3–(c), 4–(b)
(d) 1–(d), 2–(c), 3–(a), 4–(b)
Answer: d

Multiple Choice Questions 

Question: Under which of the following type of resource can tidal energy be put?
a) Replenishable
b) Human-made
c) Abiotic
d) Non-renewable
Answer: a

Question: Which of the following is not important for soil formation?
a) Relief
b) Parent rock
c) Climate
d) Duration of day
Answer: d

Question: The main cause of land degradation in Punjab, Haryana and Western Uttar Pradesh is:
a) Mining
b) Over irrigation
c) Deforestation
d) Over grazing
Answer: b

Question: In which of the following States is black soil found?
a) Jammu & Kashmir
b) Gujarat
c) Rajasthan
d) Jharkhand
Answer: b

Question: India’s territorial water extends upto a distance of:
a) 12 km
b) 12 nautical miles
c) 200 nautical miles
d) 19.2 miles
Answer: b

Question: Black soils are common in:
a) Deccan trap region
b) Kashmir Valley
c) Ganga Valley
d) Northern Plains
Answer: a

Question: The total degraded land in our country is:
a) 133 million hectares
b) 130 million sq. km.
c) 140 million hectares
d) 130 million hectares
Answer: d

Question: Materials in the environment which have the potential to satisfy human needs but human beings do not have appropriate technology to access them are called:
a) Potential resource
b) Stock
c) Developed resource
d) Reserves
Answer: b

Question: Laterite soil is very useful for growing:
a) Rice, wheat and mustard
b) Tea, coffee and cashewnut
c) Pulses, sugarcane and resin
d) none of the options
Answer: b

Question: Black soil is deficient in:
a) Calcium carbonate
b) Magnesium
c) Potash
d) Phosphoric contents
Answer: d

Question: Which of the following soils has self-aeration capacity?
a) Alluvial soil
b) Mountain soil
c) Black soil
d) Red soil
Answer: c

Question: Ploughing along the contour lines to decelerate the flow of water down the slopes is called:
a) Strip cropping
b) Sheet erosion
c) Contour ploughing
d) Terrace cultivation
Answer: c

Question: Which of the following is not a measure for soil conservation?
a) Strip cropping
b) Terrace cultivation
c) Shelter belts
d) Overdrawing of ground water
Answer: d

Very Short Answer Type Questions 

Question: How are mining activities responsible for land degradation in Jharkhand?
Answer: Mining activities are responsible for land degradation in Jharkhand because mining sites are abandoned after the excavation work is complete, leaving deep scars on the land. Related Theory To get rid of this land degradation, proper management of wastelands and control of mining activities needs to be initiated.

Question: Water is a compound of two inflammable gases, hydrogen and oxygen, which can be used as a rich source of energy. However, we do not have the required technical ‘know-how’ to use them for this purpose. What kind of resources can these gases be put in?
Answer: The gases can be put in: The Stock Resources.

Question: Highlight the reason for land being known as the utmost important natural resource.
Answer: Land is known as the utmost important natural resource because all economic activities are performed on land and it also supports natural vegetation and wildlife. 

Question: Give one example of community owned resources.
Answer: Village grazing grounds, public parks and picnic spots.

Question: This type of soil is typical of the Deccan trap (Basalt) region spread over northwest Deccan plateau and is made up of lava flows. They are well- known for their capacity to hold moisture. in addition, they are rich in soil nutrients, such as calcium carbonate, magnesium, potash and lime. they are made up of extremely fine i.e. clayey material.
Read the details given in the source above and identify the kind of soil whose features have been mentioned.
Answer: Black Soil Explanation: Black soil is also known as ‘Regur Soil’ or ‘Cotton Soil’ as it is good for the cultivation of cotton crop in the states of Maharashtra and Gujarat in India.

Question: Favourable conditions for wind energy exist in Western Rajasthan and Gujarat, but they have not been utilised and developed to the maximum. It falls in which category of resources?
Answer: Wind energy received in Western Rajasthan exist as: Potential Resources.

Question: Which soil is most retentive of moisture?
Answer: Black Soil retains the most moisture.

Short Answer Type Questions

Question: Describe the different steps of resource planning.
Answer: The different steps of resource planning are :
(1) Doing proper and strategic surveying, mapping, qualitative and quantitative estimation and measurement of resources, leading to identification and inventory of resources across the regions of the country.
(2) Resource development plans are implemented by evolving a planning structure endowed with appropriate technology, skill and institutional setup. (3) The overall development plans are then matched and coincided with development plans.

Question: Describe any three main features of ‘black soil’ found in India.
Answer: Features of the black soil found in India are:
(1) Black soil is black in colour and is also known as regur soil.
(2) Black soil is ideal for growing cotton and is also known as black cotton soil.
(3) It is fine textured and clayey in nature.
(4) It is formed from weathered lava rocks , which also gives it its black colour.
(5) It has high water retention power. 

Question: Mention three problems that are associated with the indiscriminate use of resources.
Answer: The following three problems are the result of indiscriminate use of resources:
(1) Depletion of resources for satisfying the greed of few individuals.
(2) Accumulation of resources in few hands, which in turn has divided the society into two segments-rich and poor.
(3) Indiscriminate exploitation of resources has led to global ecological crises such as global warming, ozone layer depletion, environmental pollution and land degradation.

Question: ‘Sustainable Development is a crucial step for the development of a country’. Explain with suitable examples.
Answer: Sustainable development is crucial for development of a country as it:
(1) Promotes use of renewable resources like solar energy, tidal energy, etc
(2) Puts a check on over usage of resources
(3) Promotes protection and conservation of resources for future generation 

Question: Describe the importance of judicious use of resources. 
OR
Why should we use natural resources properly and judiciously? Explain your views.
Answer: The importance of judicious use of resources are : (1) Multiple environmental and socioeconomic problems may arise if resources are used in an indiscriminate manner. (2) Most of the resources are non-renewable. The continuous usage of these resources may result in exhaustion of the resources. This may stunt development and growth of the people. (3) It will enhance the status of a person and would not impede development in general for future generations. They have to be used with caution.

Question: What were the main features of the Earth Summit held at Rio de Janeiro in 1992? 
Answer: Three main features of the Earth Summit of 1992 held at Rio de Janeiro:
(1) It was the first international Earth Summit in which more than 100 heads of states met.
(2) The Summit was convened for addressing urgent problems of environmental protection and socio-economic development at the global level.
(3) This Convention endorsed the global, Forest Principles and adopted Agenda 21 for achieving Sustainable Development in the 21st century.

Long Answer Type Questions

Question: Distinguish between renewable and non-renewable resources. Give examples.
Answer:

Question: Why is the issue of sustainability important for development? Explain.
Answer: Sustainable economic development means development that is viable keeping the requirements of both the present and future generations at par. It is a development that doesn’t compromise with the environment, provides equal opportunities to grow, utilises resources for both the present and upcoming generations. The issue of sustainability is important for development because without the same, man will use resources without care, destroying the environment, preventing all chances of survival and development in future. If not for sustainability, people would start exploiting finitely available resources and end up finishing them soon, thus destroying Earth’s balance. Global warming, ozone layer depletion and environmental pollution have been caused due to this ignorance. Sustainability is vital for maintaining global peace and quality of life. So, the need of the hour is to use resources wisely so, as to sustain our planet Earth.

Question: What is resource planning? Why is resource planning essential? Explain.
Answer: Resource planning is a technique of proper utilisation of resources which aimed at sustainable development. Resource planning is essential because of the following reasons:
(1) Most of resources available on earth are limited in supply.
(2) The resources available to us are distributed unevenly all over the country.
(3) Overutilization of the resources may lead to environmental pollution and depletion of resources as well. Therefore, planning of resources can reduce pollution and overutilization of resources as well.
(4) Planning of resources can lead to have a balanced development at national, state, regional and local levels.