CBSE Class 10 Geography Minerals And Energy Resources Worksheet Set I

ONE MARK QUESTIONS

Question. How is iron-ore transported from Kudremukh mines to a port near Mangaluru?
Answer: Iron-ore is transported as slurry through pipelines.

Question. What is a mineral?
Answer: Mineral is a homogeneous naturally occurring substance with a definable internal structure.

Question. Why are there a wide range of colours, hardness, crystal forms, lustre and density found in minerals?
Answer: The ranges found in minerals are due to physical and chemical conditions.

Question. Why is copper mainly used in electrical cables and electronic industries?
Answer: It is used in electrical cables as it is malleable, ductile and a good conductor of heat and electricity.

Question. What are conventional sources of energy?
Answer: Conventional sources of energy generally nonrenewable sources of energy which have been in common use for a long time. Example: firewood, coal, natural gas, etc.

Question. How do minerals occur in sedimentary rocks?
Answer: In sedimentary rocks, minerals occur in beds or layers. They have been formed as a result of deposition, accumulation and concentration in horizontal strata.

Question. How does mining affect the health of miners?
Answer: The dust and the noxious fumes inhaled by the miners makes them vulnerable to pulmonary diseases.

Question. Name the minerals formed in beds and layers.
Answer: Coal, and some forms of iron ore.

Question. Why aluminium metal has great importance?
Answer: It h as great importance because it combines the strength of metals such as iron with extreme lightness and also with good conductivity and great malleability.

Question. How do minerals occur in igneous and metamorphic rocks?
Answer: In igneous and metamorphic rocks, minerals may occur in racks, crevices, faults and joints.

Question. How power resources are classified?
Answer: Power resources may be broadly categorised into conventional and non-conventional resources.

Question. What are placer deposits?
Answer: Certain mineral deposits that occur in sands of valley floors and the base of the hills as alluvial deposits are called placer deposits.

Question. Which of the following is used as raw material in the cement industry?
(a) Lime stone
(b) Coal
(c) Mica
(d) Aluminium
Answer: (a) Lime stone

Question. How did the Bailadila iron-ore field get its name?
Answer: The Bailadila hills look like the hump of an ox, hence Bailadila iron-ore field get its name.

Question. correcting the underlined word in Below Questions
(a) Manikaran in Himachal Pradesh is famous for coal mine.
Answer: Geothermal energy

(b) Geothermal energy plant is situated in kaiga in Karnataka.
Answer: Atomic energy

Question. Assertion (A): Gold and silver is found as 'placer deposite'.
Reasoning (R): These are low reactive metal.
Option:
(a) Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are correct but R is the not the correct explanation of A
(c) A is correct but R is wrong
(d) A is wrong but R is correct
Answer: (a) Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A

Question. Assertion (A): Mica is a non metallic mineral.
Reasoning (R): No metallic properties are present in Mica.
Option:
(a) Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are correct but R is the not the correct explanation of A
(c) A is correct but R is wrong
(d) A is wrong but R is correct
Answer: (a) Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A

Question. .................... is the most important industrial ore of iron.
Answer: Hematite

Question. What is meant by metallic ore?
Answer: Those minerals in which part of metals are found are called metallic minerals.

Question. Write one method of conservation of energy.
Answer: Reduce/reuse/recycle/replace/ any other

THREE MARKS QUESTIONS

Question. Name the mineral ore from which aluminium is extracted. Why is it gaining importance? Give its distribution in India.
Answer: a. Bauxite.
b. Aluminium is gaining importance because of its extreme lightness, good conductivity and great malleability. It combines the strength of metals such as Iron.
c. It is mainly found in Amarkantak Plateau, Maikal Hills and the plateau region of Bilaspur-Katni. Koraput district in Odisha has large deposits. Odisha is the largest bauxite producing state. Others are Gujarat, Maharashtra and Jharkhand.

Question. Explain any three different forms in which minerals generally occur.
Answer: a. Minerals occur in the form of veins and lodes (In igneous and metamorphic rocks).
b. In sedimentary rocks, a number of minerals occur in beds and layers.
c. As residual mass of weathered material. d. As alluvial deposits in ocean waters.

Question. What are ‘placer deposits’ ? Give examples of minerals found in such deposits.
Answer: a. Certain minerals may occur as alluvial deposits in sands of valley floors and base of hills. These deposits are called ‘placer deposits’.
b. They generally contain minerals which are not corroded by water.
c. Gold, silver, tin and platinum are examples of some important minerals found in ‘placer deposits’.

Question. Why is conservation of minerals important? How can we conserve minerals?
Answer: Conservation of minerals is important for the following reasons:
a. Minerals are exhaustible.
b. They are limited.
c. Minerals have manifold uses.
d. Growth of industrialisation has accelerated the extraction of minerals.
We can conserve minerals by making an efficient use of them and using recyclable sources of energy wherever possible.

Question. “How is geo-thermal energy produced ? Explain.
Answer: The earth grows progressively hotter with increasing depth. Where the geothermal gradient is high, high temperatures are found at shallow depths. Groundwater in such areas absorbs heat from the rocks and becomes hot. It is so hot that when it rises to the earth’s surface, it turns into steam. This steam is used to drive turbines to generate electricity.

Question. 'Mining is a risky industry.' Justify this statement.
Answer: Mining is a hazards industry as the resources are dug out from the interior of the earth by making tunnels or pit. During this process risk to the life of the workers are very high due to leakage of poisonous gas or fires or flooding of water into the mine or even collapsing of mine roofs. Along with that workers have also to face health issues.

Question. Explain three factors that make mineral extractions commercially viable.
Answer: a. The minerals content of the ore must be in sufficient concentration.
b. The type of formation or structure in which they are found determines the relative cases with which mineral ores may be mined.
c. The mineral should be close to the market so that the transportation cost is low.

Question. Why is conservation of resources necessary?
Answer: - High rate of consumption
- Limited reserves
- Low rate of replenishment
- Ill effects on Environment

Question. Why is energy required for all activities ? How can energy be generated?
Answer: a. Energy is a basic requirement for economic development.
b. Every sector of the national economy needs input of energy.
c. Consumption of energy in all forms has been steadily rising all over the country.
d. Rising prices of oil and gas and their potential shortage have raised uncertainties about the security of energy supply in future. Energy can be generated from fuel minerals like coal, petroleum, natural gas, uranium and from electricity.

Question. “Natural gas is considered an environment friendly fuel.” Explain the statement in two points.
Answer: Natural gas is used as a source of energy as well as an industrial raw material.
a. It can be transported easily through pipelines.
b. Pipelines have helped in setting up fertilizer plants and power plants on its way.
c. Natural gas is a clean source of energy.
d. It is an environment friendly fuel because of the low carbon emission.

Question. How are minerals formed in igneous and metamorphic rocks?
Answer: In igneous and metamorphic rocks minerals may occur in the cracks, crevices, faults or joints. The smaller occurrences are called veins and the larger are called lodes. In most cases, they are formed when minerals in liquid/ molten and gaseous forms are forced upward through cavities towards the earth's surface. They cool and solidify as they rise. Major metallic minerals like tin, copper, zinc and lead etc. are obtained from veins and lodes.

Question. Why is mica considered the most important mineral in electric and electronic industries? Give three reasons.
or
How is mica one of the most indispensable minerals ? Explain any three points.
Answer: Mica is:
a. Excellent dielectric in strength and has low power loss factor.
b. It has insulating properties and resistance to high voltage.
c. Most indispensable mineral used in electric and electronic industries.

FIVE MARKS QUESTIONS

Question. “There is a pressing need to use renewable energy resources.” Justify the statement with suitable arguments.
Answer:  Need to use renewable energy resources are:
(i) The growing consumption of energy has resulted in the country becoming increasingly dependent on fossil fuels such as coal, oil and gas.
(ii) Rising prices of oil and gas and their potential shortages have raised uncertainties about the security of energy supply in future.
(iii) Has serious repercussions on the growth of the national economy.
(iv) Increasing use of fossil fuels also causes serious environmental problems.
(v) Hence, there is a pressing need to use renewable energy sources like solar energy, wind, tidal, biomass and energy from waste material.

Question. “How can solar energy solve the energy problem to some extent in India? Give your opinion.
or
Why is solar energy fast becoming popular in rural and remote areas of India? Explain.
Answer: a. India is a tropical country therefore it receives sunlight in abundance throughout the year.
b. Solar plant can be easily established in rural and remote areas.
c. It will minimise the dependence of rural households on firewood and dung cakes which in turn will contribute to environmental conservation and adequate quantity of manure.

Question. What efforts are required to use mineral resources in a planned and sustainable manner? Explain in three points.
Answer: Following efforts have to be made to use mineral in a planned and sustainable manner:
a. Recycling of metals: We should recycle the metal or metal-made products to prevent its scarcity. For example: Used steel blade should be sent for recycling, so that the steel can be used again for other purposes.
b. Improved technologies need to be evolved: Traditional technologies should be replaced with new and improved technologies, so that the wastages can be minimised.
c. Use of substitute or alternative resources: The resources which cannot be recycled or reused should be replaced with the recyclable resources, e.g. Use of green gas instead of coal for cooking purpose.

Question. “Conservation of minerals is the need of the hour”. Support the statement with five facts.
Answer: Conservation of minerals is the need of the hour:
1. Minerals are considered to be the backbone of the economy.
2. Industry and agriculture depend on mineral deposits.
3. The substances manufactured from them also depend on mineral deposits.
4. Total volume of workable mineral deposits is very less-only 1% of the earth’s crust.
5. Mineral resources are being consumed rapidly, and minerals require millions of years to be created and concentrated.
6. The geological processes of mineral ; formation are so slow that the rates of replenishment are infinitely small in comparison to the present rates of consumption.
7. Minerals resources are finite and non¬renewable.
8. The rich mineral deposits of our country are extremely valuable but short-lived possessions.

Question. Highlight the importance of petroleum. Explain the occurrence of petroleum in India.
Answer: Importance of Petroleum:
a. Petroleum is the major energy source in India. b. Provides fuel for heat and lighting.
c. Provides lubricant for machinery.
d. Provides raw material for a number of manufacturing industries.
e. Petroleum refineries act as nodal industry for synthetic textile, fertilizer and chemical industries.
Its occurrence:
a. Most of the petroleum occurrences in India are associated with anticlines and fault traps.
b. In regions of folding, anticline or domes, it occurs where oil is trapped in the crest of the upfold.
c. Petroleum is also found in fault traps between porous and non-porous rocks.

Question. “Which minerals are used to obtain nuclear energy ? Name all the six nuclear power stations of India.
Answer: The minerals which are used to obtain this energy are:
(i) Uranium and
(ii) Thorium.
The six nuclear power stations of India are
(i) Narora nuclear power station
(ii) Kakrapara nuclear power station.
(iii) Tarapur nuclear power station.
(iv) Kaiga nuclear power station.
(v) Kalpakkam nuclear power station.
(vi) Rawat Bhata nuclear power station.

Question. Explain the importance of conservation of minerals. Highlight any three measures to conserve them. 
or
Why is conservation of mineral resources essential? Explain any three methods to conserve them.
Answer: Reasons for Conservation:
a. The strong dependence of industry and agriculture upon minerals.
b. The process of mineral formation is slow.
c. They are non-renewable.
Methods to conserve:
a. Minerals should be used in a planned and sustainable manner.
b. Improved technology needs to be constantly evolved to allow use of low grade ore at low cost.
c. Recycling of metals using scrap metals.
d. Wastage in the mining and processing should be minimised.