CBSE Class 10 Geography Minerals And Energy Resources Worksheet Set H

Objective Type Questions

Question. Which one is not a conventional source of energy?
(a) Coal
(b) Biogas
(c) Firewood
(d) Petroleum
Answer : (b) Biogas

Question. Which of the following minerals is obtained from bauxite?
(a) Mica
(b) Copper
(c) Aluminium
(d) Iron
Answer : (c) Aluminium

Question. Madhapur : Solar plant, ______________ : Geothermal energy plant, Andhra Pradesh : Wind power plant
(a) Haryana
(b) Arunachal Pradesh
(c) Himachal Pradesh
(d) Goa
Answer : (c) Himachal Pradesh

Question. Natural gas is found in association with or without
(a) Coal
(b) Iron
(c) petroleum
(d) None of these
Answer : (c) petroleum

Question. Minerals occur in igneous and metamorphic rocks in
(a) the veins and the lodes
(b) layers
(c) alluvial deposits
(d) the decomposed surface rocks
Answer : (a) the veins and the lodes

Question. Which metal has a very high content of iron up to 70 per cent?
(a) Magnetite ore
(b) Limonite ore
(c) Hematite ore
(d) Siderite ore
Answer : (a) Magnetite ore

Question. Which one of the following fuels is considered environment-friendly?
(a) Coal
(b) Petroleum
(c) Natural gas
(d) Firewood
Answer : (c) Natural gas

Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question. How is nuclear or atomic energy obtained?
Answer : Nuclear energy is obtained by altering the structure of atoms. When such an alteration is made, energy is released in the form of heat which is used to generate electricity.

Question. Name the mineral which is used to harden steel during manufacturing.
Answer : (i) Magnetite is the finest iron ore with a very high content of iron up to 70%.
(ii) It has excellent magnetic qualities, expecially valuable in the electrical industry.
(iii) Hematite ore is the most important industrial iron ore in terms of the quantity used, but has a slightly lower iron content than magnetite.

Question. In which rocks is limestone found?
Answer : Limestone is found in sedimentary rocks.

Question. What are the uses of petroleum or mineral oil?
Answer : Petroleum or mineral oil provides fuel for heat and lighting, lubricants for machinery and raw materials for a number of manufacturing industries.

Question. How many minerals have been identified so far?
Answer : Over 2000 minerals have been identified.

Question. Why are heavy industries and thermal power stations located on or near the coalfields?
Answer : Coal is a bulky material, which loses weight on use as it is reduced to ash. Hence, heavy industries and thermal power stations are located on or near the coalfields.

Question. Give examples of conventional sources of energy.
Answer : Firewood, cattle dung cake, coal, petroleum, natural gas and electricity.

Question. What are the twin planks of sustainable energy?
Answer : Promotion of energy conservation and increased use of renewable energy sources are the twin planks of sustainable energy.

Question. Where are the geothermal plants located in India?
Answer : Two experimental projects have been set up in India to harness geothermal energy. One is located in the Parvati valley near Manikaran in Himachal Pradesh and the other is located in the Puga valley, Ladakh.

Question. How are thermal electricity generated?
Answer : Thermal electricity is generated by burning fuels such as coal, petroleum and natural gas to drive turbines to produce thermal power.

Question. Which regions of India provide ideal conditions for utilising tidal energy?
Answer : In India the gulf of Khambhat, the gulf of Kuchchh in Gujarat on the western coast and Gangetic delta in Sunderban regions of West Bengal provide ideal conditions for utilising tidal energy.

Short Answer Type Questions

Question. Classify the minerals with examples.
Answer : Minerals are broadly classified into three categories:
(i) Metallic minerals: It is further classified into ferrous e.g. iron ore, manganese, nickel, cobalt etc.
Non-ferrous e.g. copper, lead, tin, bauxite, etc. and precious metals e.g. gold, silver, platinum, etc.
(ii) Non-Metallic minerals: Minerals that do not contain metals are known as non-metallic, e.g. mica, salt, potash, sulphur, limestone, sandstone, etc.
(iii) Energy minerals: Minerals from which energy resources are obtained, e.g. coal, petroleum, natural gas.

Question. Give an account of copper ore in India.
Answer : (i) India is critically deficient in the reserve and production of copper.
(ii) Being malleable, ductile and a good conductor, copper is mainly used in electrical cables, electronics and chemical industries.
(iii) The Balaghat mines in Madhya Pradesh, Khetri mines in Rajasthan and Singhbhum district of Jharkhand are leading producers of copper.

Question. What are the uses of manganese?
Answer : (i) Manganese is mainly used in the manufacturing of steel and ferro-manganese alloy.
(ii) Nearly 10 kg of manganese is required to manufacture one tonne of steel.
(iii) It is also used in manufacturing bleaching powder, insecticides and paints.

Question. What are the uses of copper? Name the two leading copper producing states of India.
Answer : Uses of copper:
(i) In manufacturing electrical cables.
(ii) In electronic industries.
(iii) In chemical industries.
The two leading copper producing states of India are Madhya Pradesh and Rajasthan.

Question. Give an account of limestone.
Answer : (i) Limestone is found in association with rocks composed of calcium carbonates or calcium and magnesium carbonates.
(ii) It is found in sedimentary rocks of most geological formation.
(iii) Limestone is the basic raw material for the cement industry and essential for smelting iron ore in the blast furnace.

Question. Describe any three importance of coal as a source of energy.
Answer : Importance of coal as a source of energy in India are:
(i) Coal is the most abundantly available fossil fuel in India.
(ii) It provides a substantial part of the nation’s energy needs.
(iii) It is used for power generation.
(iv) It supplies energy to industry as well as for domestic needs.

Question. What are the main characteristics and importance of mica?
Answer : (i) Mica is a minerals made up of a series of plates or leaves. It splits easily into thin sheets. These sheets can be layered into a mica sheet of a few centimeters width.
(ii) Mica can be clear, black, green, yellow or brown.
(iii) Due to its excellent di-electric strength, low power loss factor, insulating properties and resistance to high voltage, mica is one of the most indispensable minerals used in electric and electronic industry.

Question. Give an account of distribution and production of petroleum in India.
Answer : (i) About 63 per cent of India’s petroleum production is from Mumbai High, which is an offshore oil field located in Arabian sea.
(ii) 18% of petroleum is produced from Gujarat. Ankaleshwar, Hazira and Kalol are important oil fields of Gujarat.
(iii) Assam is the oldest oil producing state of India. It produces 16 percent of total production. Digboi, Naharkatiya and Moran-Hugrijan are the important oil fields in the state.

Question. What are the different types of iron ore? Give details.
Answer : Manganese is used to harden steel during manufacturing.

Long Answer Type Questions

Question. ‘Consumption of energy in all forms has been rising all over the country. There is an urgent need to develop a sustainable path of energy development and energy saving.’ Suggest and explain any three measures to solve this burning problem.
OR
“Energy saved is energy produced.” Assess the statement.
Answer : (i) Energy is a basic requirement for economic development. Hence, there is an urgent need of develop a sustainable path of energy development. Promotion of energy development. Promotion of energy conservation and increased use of renewable energy sources are the twin planks of sustainable energy.
(ii) We have to adopt a cautious approach for the judicious use of our limited energy resources. As concerned citizens we can do our bit by using public transport system instead of individual vehicles.
(iii) Switching off electricity when not in use, using power-saving devices and using non-conventional sources of energy are other important steps for saving energy.

Question. Why are minerals important for us? Explain with examples.
OR
Minerals are an indispensable part of our lives? Support the statement with examples. 
Answer : (i) Minerals are an indispensable part of our lives. Almost everything we use, from a tiny pin to a towering building or a ship, all are made from minerals.
(ii) The railway lines and the tarmac of the roads, our implements and machinery too are made from minerals.
(iii) Cars, buses, trains, aeroplanes are manufactured from minerals and run on power resources derived from the earth.
(iv) Even the food that we eat contains minerals.
(v) In all stages of development, human beings have used minerals for their livelihood, decoration, festivities, religious and ceremonial rites.

Question. Why is the natural gas considered the fuel for the present century? What are its uses? Give an account of distribution and production of natural gas in India.
Answer : Due to low carbon dioxide emissions natural gas is considered an eco-friendly fuel and the fuel for the present century. Natural gas is used as a source of energy as well as an industrial raw material in the petroleum industry.
Production and Distribution:
(i) Large reserves of natural gas have been discovered in the Krishna-Godavari basin.
(ii) Along the west coast the reserves of Mumbai High and allied fields are supplemented by finds in the Gulf of Combay.