CBSE Class 10 Geography Minerals And Energy Resources Questions and Answers

MCQ

Question. Which one of the following minerals are formed by decomposition of rocks , leaving a residual mass of weathered material ?
(a) Coal
(b) Bauxite
(c) Gold
(d) Zinc
Answer. B

Question. Koderma , in Jharkhand is the leading producer of which of the following minerals
(a) Bauxite
(b) Mica
(c) Iron ore
(d) Copper
Answer. B

Question. Minerals are deposited and accumulated in the stratas of which of the following rocks ?
(a) Sedimentary rocks
(b) Metamorphic rocks
(c) Igneous rocks
(d) None of these
Answer. A

Question. Which of the following minerals is contained in monazite sand ?
(a) Oil
(b) Uranium
(c) Thorium
(d) Coal
Answer. C

Question. Which of the following place is known as lignite deposit?
(a) Khetri
(b) Neyveli
(c) Bailadila
(d) Bokaro
Answer. B

Question. Minerals are generally found in.
(a) Ore
(b) Rocks
(c) Soil
(d) None of these
Answer. A

Question. Gold, silver, and platinum are example of
(a) Ferrous minerals
(b) Precious minerals
(c) Non-essential minerals
(d) None of these
Answer. B

Question. Sandstone and mica areexample of .
(a) Non -metallic minerals
(b) Wasteful minerals
(c) Ferrous minerals
(d) Precious minerals
Answer. A

Question. India’s _________ deposit are mainly found in the Amarkantak plateau, Maikal hills and plateau region of Bilaspur-Katni .
(a) Bauxite
(b) Steel
(c) Iron ore
(d) Manganese
Answer. A

Question. The________, Mahandi, son and Wardha valley contain coal deposit.
(a) Sutlej
(b) Krishna
(c) Narmada
(d) Godavari
Answer. D

VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTION

Question. Name the best variety of iron ore.
Answer. magnetite

Question. Where are Kudurmukh mines are located?
Answer. Westerns Ghat of Karnataka

Question. Name the leading producer of copper?
Answer. Balaghat mines of MP, Khetri mines in Rajasthan etc

Question. Name the mica deposit region of India .
Answer. Chotanagpur plateau , koderma Ajmer in Rajasthan

Question. Why is copper mainly used in electrical cable and electrical Industries?
Answer. Because it is good conductor of electricity

Question. Why are there a wide range of colours , hardness, crystal forms , lustre and density found in minerals ?
Answer. Due to physical and chemical condition.

Question. How do minerals occurs in igneous and metamorphic rocks?
Answer. Minerals occur in cracks , crevices ,faults and joints .

Question. Why should the use of cattle cake as fuel is discourage?
Answer. Because it create pollution and consume most valuable manure that used in agriculture

Question. How are gobar gas plant beneficial to farmer?
Answer. It is beneficial in the form of energy and improved quality of manure production.

Question. Name the best variety of iron ore found in India?
Answer. Magnetite

1. Highlight the importance of petroleum. Explain the occurrence of petroleum in India. 

Answer :  Importance of Petroleum are as follows :

(i) Petroleum is the major energy source in India.

(ii) It provides fuel for heat and lighting. (iii) It provides lubricant for machinery.

(iv) It provides raw material for a number of manufacturing industries.

(v) Petroleum refineries act as core industry for synthetic, textile, fertilizer and chemical industries. Availability :

(i) Most of the petroleum reserves in India are associated with anticlines and fault traps.

(ii) In regions of folding anticline or domes, it occurs where oil is trapped in the crust of the upfold.

(iii) Petroleum is also found in fault traps between porous and non-porous rocks.

2. Describe any three characteristics of 'Odisha- Jharkhand belt' of iron ore in India. 

Answer :  Odisha-Jharkhand belt:

(a) In Odisha high grade hematite ore is found in Badampahar mines in the Mayurbhanj and Kendujhar districts.

(b) In the adjoining Singbhum district of Jharkhand hematite iron ore is mined in Gua and Noamundi.

(c) These mines feed the steel industry in the eastern and other parts of India.

3. “There is a pressing need to use renewable energy resources.” Justify the statement with suitable arguments. 

Answer :  Need to use renewable energy resources are :

(i) The growing consumption of energy has resulted in the country becoming increasingly dependent on fossil fuels such as coal, oil and gas.

(ii) Rising prices of oil and gas and their potential shortages have raised uncertainties about the security of energy supply in future.

(iii) Has serious repercussions on the growth of our country.

(v) Hence, there is a pressing need to use renewable energy source like solar energy, wind, tide, biomass and energy from waste material.

4. Describe any three features of ferrous minerals found in India. 

Answer :  Ferrous minerals in India account for approximately three-fourths of the total price of the production of metallic minerals. They provide a strong foundation for the expansion of metallurgical industries. India is also a leading exporter of ferrous minerals, magnetite, hematite are some of the common ferrous minerals. Odisha, Chhattisgarh and Maharashtra are the chief states where these minerals are found.

5. "Minerals are indispensible part of our lives." Support the statement with examples.

Answer :  Minerals are important part of our lives.

(i) Almost everything we use, from a tiny pin to built a towering building or a big ship, all are made from minerals.

(ii) The railway lines and the roads, our implements and machine are all made from minerals.

(iii) Cars, buses, trains, aeroplanes are manufactured from minerals and run on power resources derived from minerals.

(iv) Even the food that we eat contains minerals.

(v) In all stages of development, human being have use minerals for their livelihood, decoration, festivities, religious and ceremonial rites.

6. Why should we use renewable energy resource? Explain with arguments. 

Answer : In the present circumstances particularly in India there is a pressing need to use renewable energy resources because :

1. Non-renewable resources are limited and will get exhausted in few decades, thus there is a need to use inexhaustible energy resources such as solar power, for sustainable development.

2. There has been a rapid depletion of nonrenewable resources like coal, gasoline, petroleum that took millions of years to form. Thus, it makes immense sense to use renewable nonpolluting energy resources.

3. Fossil fuels like coal, petroleum products etc., create pollution which has resulted in environmental degradation making clean energy an urgent requirement.

4. Newer sources of fossil fuels are becoming more and more difficult to find hence they have become more expensive. Thus, it again points to adaptation to renewable energy sources like solar, geothermal wind energy etc.

7. Which minerals are used to obtain nuclear energy? Name all the six nuclear power stations of India. 

Answer :  The minerals which are used to obtain nuclear energy are Uranium, Thorium.

(i) Narora nuclear power station.

(ii) Kakrapara nuclear power station.

(iii) Tarapur nuclear power station.

(iv) Kaiga nuclear power station.

(vi) Rawat Bhata nuclear power station.

8. Describe any three characteristics of the Durg- Bastar-Chandrapur Iron-ore belt in India. 

Answer :  Durg-Bastar-Chandrapur belt lies in Chhattisgarh and Maharashtra.

(a) It provides very high grade hematite from the famous Bailadila range of hills in the Bastar district of Chhattisgarh.

(b) The range of hills comprise of 14 deposits of super high-grade hematite iron ore. It has the best physical properties needed for steel making.

(c) Iron ore from these mines is exported to Japan and South Korea via Vishakhapatnam port.

9. What efforts are required to use mineral resources in a planned and sustainable manner? Explain in three points. Conservation of Minerals ; Energy Resources : Conventional and Non- Conventional; Conservation of Energy Resources.

Answer :  Following efforts have to be made to use minerals in a planned and sustainable manner :

(i) Recycling of metals : We should recycle the metal or metal-made products to prevent its scarcity. For example : Used steel blade should be sent for recycling, so that the steel can be used again for other purposes.

(ii) Improved technologies need to be evolved : Traditional technologies should be replaced with new and improve technologies, so that the wastages can be minimised.

(iii) Use of substitute or alternative resource : The resources which cannot be recycled or reused should be replaced with the recyclable resources. e.g. Use of green gas instead of coal for cooking purpose.

10. How are 'Gobar Gas Plants' beneficial to the farmers? 

Answer :  Gobar Gas Plant are beneficial to the farmers by two ways. It provides a clean fuel for domestic cooking and lighting. It also provides high quality manure.

11. What is a mineral?  Ferrous and Non-Ferrous Minerals ; Non-Metallic Minerals ; Rock Minerals 

Answer :  Mineral is a naturally occurring substance with a definite chemical and crystallographic structure.

12. 'Consumption of energy in all forms has been rising all over the country. There is an urgent need to develop a sustainable path of energy development and energy saving'. Suggest and explain any three measures to solve this burning problem.

Answer :  Energy is a basic requirement for economic development. The strategy of economic development that India adopted since independence required increasing amount of energy consumption. As a result, consumption of energy in all forms has been rising. To take care of this concern various measures that need to be adopted are as follows.

(i) We need to increase the use of renewable energy resources like solar, wind power, biogas, tidal energy and geothermal energy. This will decrease the dependence on non-renewable sources. (ii) We have to adopt a cautious approach for judicious use of our limited energy resources. For example, as a concerned citizen we can use public transport system in place of individual vehicle. (iii) Another measure that needs to be adopted is promotion of energy conservation, e.g., switching off electrical devices when not in use, using power saving devices etc.

13. What is tidal energy? Name a region of India which provides ideal conditions for utilising tidal energy.

Answer : Oceanic tides can be used to generate electricity. Floodgate dams are built across inlets. During high tide water flows into the inlet and gets trapped when the gate is closed. After the tide falls outside the flood gate, the water retained by the floodgate flows back to the sea via pipe that carries it through a power generating turbine. In India, the Gulf of Kuchchh, provides ideal conditions for utilising tidal energy. A 900 mw tidal energy power plant is set up here by the National Hydropower Corporation.

14. Where are uranium and thorium available in India? What are they used for?

Answer : Uranium and thorium are available in Jharkhand and the Aravali ranges of Rajasthan. They are used for generating atomic or nuclear power.

15. Where is the largest wind farm cluster located in India?

Answer : The largest wind farm cluster is located in Tamil Nadu from Nagarcoil to Madurai.

16. How are minerals indispensable part of our lines?

Answer : Almost everything we use, from a tiny pin to a towering building or a big shop, all are made from minerals. Life processes cannot occur without minerals.

17. Name one hardest mineral and one softest mineral.

Answer : Hardest mineral – diamond
Softest mineral – tale

18. Which energy can be produced from ocean water?

Answer : Tidal energy can be produced from ocean water.

19. Which region of India provides ideal conditions for utilising tidal energy?

Answer : In India, the Gulf of Kuchchh provides ideal conditions for utilising tidal energy.

20. What is meant by geo-thermal energy?

Answer : Geothermal energy refers to the heat and electricity produced by using the heat from the interior of the earth.

21. What efforts can be made to conserve energy resources in India?

Answer : Following efforts can be made to conserve energy resources in India:

(i) Using public transport instead of individual vehicle.

(ii) Switching off electricity when not in use.

(iii) Using power-saving devices.

(iv) Non-conventional resources should be used more and more because they are renewable and eco-friendly.

(v) Use of automobiles, engines should be decreased and electric motors should be introduced.

(vi) Judicious use of our limited energy resources.

22. How do geologists define minerals?

Answer : Geologists define minerals as a homogenous, naturally occurring substance with a definable internal structure.