CBSE Class 10 Geography Resources And Development Worksheet Set D

Short Answer Type Questions

Question : State the land use pattern in India?
Answer : Net sown area = 46%
Forest cover = 22%
Culturable wasteland = 05%
Fallow land = 08%
Permanent Pastures = 04%
Wasteland = 14%
Tree crops = 01%

Long Answer Type Questions

Question : ‘Consumption of energy in all forms has been rising all over the country. There is an urgent need to develop a sustainable path of energy development and energy saving’. Suggest and explain any three measures to solve this burning problem.
Answer : Energy is an essential requirement for economic development. The strategy of economic development that India has adopted since independence necessarily required increasing amount of energy consumption. As a result, consumption of energy in all forms has been rising. To take care of this concern, various measures that need to be adopted are as follows :
a. We need to increase the use of renewable energy resources like solar, wind power, biogas, tidal energy and geothermal energy. This will decrease the dependence on non-renewable sources.
b. We have to adopt a cautious approach for judicious use of our limited energy resources. F or example, as a concerned citizen we can use public transport system in place of an individual vehicle.
c. Another measure that needs to be adopted is promotion of energy conservation, e.g., switching off electrical devices when not in use, using power saving devices. Thus, consumption of energy in all forms has been rising all over the country.

Question : Provide a suitable classification for resources on the basis of ownership. Mention main features of any three types of such resources.
Answer : On the basis of ownership resources can be classified into the following categories :
a. Individual resources : Resources owned by a person or an individual are called individual resources. For example-land owned by farmers, and houses are individual resources.
b. Community resources : Resources owned by a particular community or a society are called community owned resources. For example- Graveyard, grazing land, ponds, burial grounds and park ark community owned resources.
c. National resources : Resources owned by an individual nation are called national resources. For example -Government land, roads, canals and railways are national resources.
d. International resources : Resources regulated or governed by an international body are called international resources. For example-Ocean and sea beyond 200 km of the exclusive economic zone belongs to open sea or ocean. No individual country can utilise these resources without the permission of international bodies.

Question : What are the four main factors which help in the formation of soil ?
Answer : The main factors that help in soil formation are :
a. Parent rock : It influences the colour and texture of the soil. The mineral content of the soil also depends on the parent rock from which it is formed.
b. Climate : It influences the rate and types of weathering and erosion of the rocks. Weathering of the parent rocks due to climatic factors and natural forces leads to disintegration of rocks. Subsequently, this leads to the formation of soil.
c. Time : It determines the maturity of the soil. Soil is a living system. It takes millions of years to form soil upto a few centimetres in depth.
d. Relief: This refers to the landscape position and the slopes. Steep and long slopes mean water will run down faster and potentially erode the surfaces of the slopes. The effect will be poor soils on the slopes, and richer deposits at the foot of the slopes.

Question : How can the problem of land degradation be solved ?
Answer : Land degradation has become a major problem today. We have shared our land with the past generations and will have to do with the future generations. There are many ways to solve the problem of land degradation. Afforestation and proper management of grazing can help in solving the problem of land degradation. Planting shelter belts of plants, control on over grazing, stabilisation of sand dunes by growing thorny bushes are also some of the methods to check land degradation. Proper management of waste lands, control of mining activities, proper discharge and disposal of industrial effluents and wastes after treatment can reduce land and water degradation in industrial and suburban areas.

Question : How do technical and economical developments led to more consumption of resources ?
Answer : These days, technical and economical developments gain a colossus space. The government is also focusing more on technical and economical growth to make our county a fully developed country. In this process of technical and economical growth, the resources of our country are exhausting rapidly. Technological and economical developments have led to such rapid consumption of resources because of the following reasons :
a. New and improved equipments are introduced with the development of technology, which ultimately lead to an increase in the use of natural resources.
b. The technological advancement is attributed to the growth of a developing country. People of an economically developing nation consume more resources. Hence, we can safely say that an improvement in economic development of a nation will directly result in the increase of its people’s consumption of resources.
c. Development of new technologies is widely seen in developing economies. Due to economic development, the bright minds get an opportunity to experiment with their ideas. As a matter of fact, various materials are converted in to useful resources. This creates an atmosphere, which will see a steady increase in consumption of such available resources.

Question : What are the main types of soil found in India ? Which type of soil is the most widespread and important soil of India ? Describe in detail about this soil type.
Answer : The main types soil found in various parts of India are as follows :
a. Alluvial soil
b. Black soil
c. Red and yellow soil
d. Laterite soil
e. Arid or Desert soil
f. Forest and Mountainous soil.
Alluvial Soil :
Alluvial soil is the most fertile and extensively found soil in India. This type of soil is found near the river banks and is deposited by the rivers of India. The Indus, the Ganga and the Brahmaputra are the three main rivers which are responsible for its deposition and have created the entire northern plains. These soils also extend in Rajasthan and Gujarat through a narrow corridor. Alluvial soil is also found in the eastern coastal plains particularly in the deltas of the Mahanadi, the Godavari, the Krishna and the Kaveri rivers. Alluvial soil is more common in pediment plains such as Duars, Chos and Terai.
Alluvial soil is very fertile because it contains potash, phosphoric acid and lime in adequate amount. This is why the areas where alluvial soil is found are densely populated, for example, the northern plains and the eastern coastal plain are densely populated and the most productive regions of India. The mineral content of the alluvial soil makes it ideal for the growth of paddy, wheat, other cereals and pulses and sugarcane. The alluvial soil consists of various proportions of sand, silt and clay. They are coarse in the upper reaches of the river valley especially near the break of slope and in pediment plains like Duars, Chos and Terai. Every year during annual floods alluvial soils are renewed. The Alluvial soil is of two types-Khadar and Bangar.

Question : Explain resource planning. What are the steps involved in resource planning?
or
Why is resource planning essential in India?
or
What is resource planning? Why is resource planning essential? Explain it with three reasons.
Answer : Resource planning is a procedure of proper utilisation of resources. Resource planning is important because :
a. Resources in India are not evenly distributed. Some parts of the county are rich in one resource but deficient in other important resources which are essential. For example, Rajasthan is rich in solar and wind energy but lacks water resource. Jharkhand is rich in minerals and coal deposits but lack in industrialisation. This is the reason why resource planning is essential. An effective resource planning will help in effective use of the resources available in the environment.
b. Secondly, most of the resources present in our environment are limited. Therefore, if these resources are not preserved or not used rationally we will be in great trouble. For example : Petrol is a limited resource and it cannot be renewed. Exhaustion of petrol will create huge chaos in the country as we are extensively dependent on the petrol.
c. Thirdly, resource planning is important because it minimises the wastage or over utilisation of resources. The very first step of resource planning is to make a list of resources available in the environment. This helps us to assess which resources should be used and how much it should be used to prevent over utilisation and minimise wastage.

MCQs