CBSE Class 10 Geography Minerals And Energy Resources Worksheet Set D

Question : In the present day energy crisis what steps will you like to take for saving energy?
Answer : (i) Energy is a basic requirement for economic development. Hence, there is an urgent need to develop a sustainable path of energy development. Promotion of energy conservation and increased use of renewable energy sources are the twin planks of sustainable energy.
(ii) We have to adopt a cautious approach for the judicious use of our limited energy resources. As concerned citizens we can do our bit by using public transport systems instead of individual vehicles.
(iii) Switching off electricity when not in use, using power-saving devices and using non-conventional sources of energy are other important steps for saving energy.

Long Questions for Class 10 Social Science Minerals and Energy Resources

Question : Differentiate between metallic and nonmetallic minerals with examples.
Answer : Metallic Minerals:
(a)   Metallic minerals are those minerals which can be processed to obtain metals.
(b) Magnetite, hematite,   bauxite,   are some examples.
(c)   These are generally associated with igneous and metamorphic rocks.
(d)  They are  usually hard  and  have shines  or luster of their own.
Non-Metallic Minerals:
(a)   Non-metallic minerals are those which do not yield new products on melting.
(b)  Coal, salt, clay, marble are some examples.
(c) These  are  generally  associated  with sedimentary rocks.
(d)  They are not so hard and have no shine or luster of their own.

Question : Why is there a need to use non-conventional sources of energy ?
Answer : The growing demand of energy leads to an incessant dependence on fossil fuels such as coal, oil and gas. Rising prices of oil and gas, and their potential shortages have raised uncertainties about the security of energy supply in future, which in turn has serious repercussions on the growth of the national economy. Moreover, increasing use of fossil fuels also causes serious environmental problems. Hence, there is a pressing need to use renewable energy sources like solar energy, wind energy, tide energy, biomass and energy from waste material. These are called non-conventional energy resources. Their production does not emit any harmful pollutants and emissions.

Question : Why do you think that solar energy has a bright future in India ?
Answer : Solar energy is an inexhaustible form of energy produced from sunlight. There is enough scope for the development of solar energy. It has a bright future in India because :
(i) Many parts (regions) of the country receives sunlight on 300 days annually and so it becomes possible to generate 20 MW solar energy per square kilometre in such areas.
(ii) It is easy to establish solar plants in urban and rural areas.
(iii) By setting up solar plants in rural areas the dependence of people on firewood can be reduced.
(iv) It is also becoming popular as it is used for cooking, heating water, lighting, etc.
(v) It is a renewable source of energy, while other conventional sources used for generating electricity are exhaustible and nonrenewable.

Question : Distinguish between the Ferrous and Non-ferrous minerals.
Answer : 

Question : Why is the use of non-conventional sources of energy becoming essential these days? 
Answer : The use of non-conventional sources of energy is becoming necessary because of the following reasons:
(i) The growing consumption of energy in the country has made us dependent on fossil fuels such as coal, oil and gas and it may lead to shortages in the supply of oil, gas and coal in future.
(ii) Rising prices of oil and gas has adversely affected the foreign exchange.
(iii) The growth of the national economy is getting slowed down.
(iv) Ever-increasing use of fossil fuels is causing serious environmental problems.
(v) Non-conventional sources of energy are renewable and also eco-friendly.

Question : What efforts are required to use mineral resources in a planned and sustainable manner? Explain in three points.
Answer : Following efforts have to be made to use minerals in a planned and sustainable manner :
(i)   Recycling of metals : We should recycle the metal or metal-made products to prevent its scarcity.
For example : Used steel blade should be sent for recycling, so that the steel can be used again for other purposes.
(ii)  Improved technologies need to be evolved : Traditional   technologies   should   be   replaced with new and improve technologies, so that the wastages can be minimised.
(iii) Use  of  substitute  or  alternative  resource  : The resources which cannot be recycled or reused should be replaced with the recyclable resources. e.g. Use of green gas instead of coal for cooking purpose.

Question : Collect information about Thermal/Hydel power plants located in your state.
Answer : Hydel power plants located in Andhra Pradesh. Hydro power is considered as one of the most economic and non-polluting sources of energy. Electricity generated from water is termed as Hydroelectricity. Hydroelectricity means electricity generated by hydropower or from the use of the gravitational force of falling or flowing water. It is one of the most common forms of power generation because this form of energy neither produces any direct waste matter nor is subjected to exhaustion. The potential for hydro-electric power stations in terms of installed capacity in India is estimated to be about 148,700 MW, out of which a capacity of 42,783 MW (28.77%) has been developed so far and 13,616 MW (9.2 %) of capacity is under construction.

Question : Why is there need to use non-conventional sources of energy ?
Answer : The growing demand of energy leads to an incessant dependence on fossil fuels, such as coal, oil and gas. Rising prices of oil and gas and their potential shortages have raised uncertainties about the security of energy supply in future, which in turn has serious repercussions on the growth of the national economy. Moreover, increasing use of fossil fuels also causes serious environmental problems. Hence, there is a pressing need to use renewable energy sources like solar energy, wind energy, tide energy, biomass and energy from waste material. These are called non-conventional energy resources. Their production does not emit any harmful pollutants and emissions.

Question : Why is there an enormous possibility of tapping solar energy in India ?
Answer : (i) India is blessed with an abundance of sunlight, water, wind and biomass.
(ii) It has the largest programmes for the development of these renewable energy resources. Besides, it is a tropical country. It has possibilities of tapping solar energy.
(iii) Photovoltaic technology converts sunlight directly into electricity. Solar energy is fast becoming popular in rural and remote areas.
(iv) The largest solar plant of India is located at Madhapur near Bhuj, where solar energy is used to sterilise milk cans.
(v) It is totally harmless and does not pollute the environment. In other words, we can say that it is eco-friendly.

Question : Explain how minerals are unevenly distributed in India ?
Answer : India is fortunate to have fairly rich and varied mineral resources. However, these are unevenly distributed.
(i) Peninsular rocks contain most of the reserves of coal, metallic minerals, mica and many other non-metallic minerals.
(ii) Sedimentary rocks on the western and eastern flanks of the peninsula, in Gujarat and Assam have most of the petroleum deposits.
(iii) Rajasthan with the rock systems of the peninsula has reserves of many non-ferrous minerals.
(iv) The vast alluvial plains of North India are almost devoid of economic minerals. These variations exist largely because of the differences in the geological structure, processes and time involved in the formation of minerals.

Question : What is the difference between hydroelectricity and thermal electricity ?
Answer : Hydro Electricity
(i) It is generated by fast flowing water.
(ii) It causes no pollution.
(iii) These plants are located near the sources of energy.
(iv) It uses renewable resources.
Thermal Electricity
(i) It is generated by using coal, petroleum and natural gas.
(ii) It causes pollution.
(iii) These plants can be set up at any place.
(iv) It uses non-renewable resource. 

Source/Case Based Questions 

Question : Read the extract and answer the questions that follows : 

Electricity has such a wide range of applications in today’s world that, it’s per capita consumption is considered as an index of development. Electricity is generated mainly in two ways : by running water which drives hydro turbines to generate hydroelectricity; and by burning other fuels such as coal, petroleum and natural gas to drive turbines to produce thermal power. Once generated the electricity is exactly the same. Hydroelectricity is generated by fast flowing water, which is a renewable resource. India has a number of multipurpose protects like the BhakraNangal, Damodar Valley Corporation, the Kopili Hydel Protect etc. producing hydroelectric power. Thermal electricity is generated by using coal, petroleum and natural gas. The thermal power stations use non-renewable fossil fuels for generating electricity. 

(i) How does thermal power stations generate electricity ?
Answer : The thermal power stations use non-renewable fossil fuels for generating electricity. 

(ii) Why is hydroelectric called renewable resource ?
Answer : (Hydroelectricity is generated by fast flowing water which is a renewable resource. 

(iii) What are the two ways to generate electricity ?
Answer : (Electricity is generated mainly in two ways :
(a) By running water which drives hydro turbines to generate hydroelectricity;
(b) By burning other fuels such as coal, petroleum and natural gas to drive turbines to produce thermal power. 

(iv) What is considered as an index of development ?
Answer : Per capita consumption of electricity is considered as an index of development. 

Question : Fill the name of the correct mineral in the crossword below:
DOWN
1. Found in placer deposit (4)
2. Iron ore mined in Bailadila (8)
3. Indispensable for electrical industry (4)
4. Geological Age of coal found in north east India (8)
5. Formed in veins and lodes (3)
ACROSS
1. A ferrous mineral (9)
2. Raw material for cement industry (9)
3. Finest iron ore with magnetic properties (9)
4. Highest quality hard coal (10)
5. Aluminium is obtained from this ore (7)
6. Khetri mines are famous for this mineral (6)
7. Formed due to evaporation (6)

Ans. DOWN
1. ROCK
2. HEMATITE
3. COAL
4. TERTIARY
5. TIN
ACROSS
1. MANGANESE
2. LIMESTONE
3. MAGNETITE
4. ANTHRACITE
5. BAUXITE
6. COPPER
7. GYPSUM