CBSE Class 10 Geography Minerals And Energy Resources Worksheet Set B

Read and download free pdf of CBSE Class 10 Geography Minerals And Energy Resources Worksheet Set B. Students and teachers of Class 10 Social Science can get free printable Worksheets for Class 10 Social Science Contemporary India Chapter 5 Minerals and Energy Resources in PDF format prepared as per the latest syllabus and examination pattern in your schools. Class 10 students should practice questions and answers given here for Social Science in Class 10 which will help them to improve your knowledge of all important chapters and its topics. Students should also download free pdf of Class 10 Social Science Worksheets prepared by school teachers as per the latest NCERT, CBSE, KVS books and syllabus issued this academic year and solve important problems with solutions on daily basis to get more score in school exams and tests

Worksheet for Class 10 Social Science Contemporary India Chapter 5 Minerals and Energy Resources

Class 10 Social Science students should refer to the following printable worksheet in Pdf for Contemporary India Chapter 5 Minerals and Energy Resources in Class 10. This test paper with questions and answers for Class 10 will be very useful for exams and help you to score good marks

Class 10 Social Science Worksheet for Contemporary India Chapter 5 Minerals and Energy Resources

MCQ Questions for Class 10 Social Science Minerals and Energy Resources

Question : Which is the oldest oil producing state of India ?
(a) Assam
(b) Gujarat
(c) Maharashtra
(d) Odisha (Orissa)
Answer : A

Question : What percentage of total minerals are utilised by us ?
(a) 0.1%
(b) 0.2%
(c) 0.3%
(d) 0.4%
Answer : C

Question : Which is the finest iron ore with 70% of iron ?
(a) Magnetite
(b) Hematite
(c) Bauxite
(d) All of these
Answer : A

Question : Identify the type of mineral with the help of following features :
(i) It is formed by the decomposition of a wide variety of rocks rich in aluminium silicates.
(ii) Its deposits are mainly found in the Amarkantak Plateau, Maikal hills and the plateau region of Bilaspur-Katni.
(iii) Panchpatmali deposits in Koraput district are the most important deposits in the state.
Answer : Bauxite

Question : Hydroelectricity is generated by :
(a) Water
(b) Coal
(c) Petroleum
(d) Natural gas
Answer : A

Question : Monazite sands of Kerala is rich in :
(a) Uranium
(b) Barium
(c) Thorium
(d) Coal
Answer : C

Question : Arrange the following states in sequence according to their share per cent of iron ore production in the year 2016- 2017 :
(i) Chhattisgarh
(ii) Karnataka
(iii) Odisha
(iv) Jharkhand
Options :
(a) (i)-(iv)-(ii)-(iii)
(b) (iii)-(i)-(ii)-(iv)
(c) (iv)-(ii)-(iii)-(i)
(d) (i)-(ii)-(iv)-(iii)
Answer : B

Question : In which of the following states is Kalpakkam Nuclear power plant located ?
(a) Gujarat
(b) Odisha
(c) Kerala
(d) Tamil Nadu
Answer : D

Question : Identify the type of Coal with the help of following features :
(i) It is a low-grade brown coal.
(ii) It is soft with high moisture content.
(iii) The principal reserves are in Neyveli in Tamil Nadu.

Answer : Lignite Coal

Question : Complete the statement with appropriate word. After all, “energy saved is energy ______". 
(a) produced
(b) conserved
(c) used
(d) polluted
Answer : A
Explanation: We have to adopt a cautious approach for the judicious use of our limited energy resources. For example, as concerned citizens we can do our bit by using public transport systems instead of individual vehicles; switching off electricity when not in use, using power-saving devices and using nonconventional sources of energy. After all, “energy saved is energy produced”.We cannot keep on producing non-renewable resources like petrol, diesel and electricity etc. Nearly 97% of the world's consumed energy is coming from fossil fuels, coal, petroleum and natural gas which cannoty be renewed
 
Question : India is highly dependent on ______ for meeting its commercial energy requirements. 
(a) water
(b) nuclear
(c) tidal energy
(d) coal
Answer : D
Explanation: Coal is used for power generation, to supply energy to industry as well as for domestic needs. India is highly dependent on coal for meeting its commercial energy requirements.Most significant uses of coal are in electricity generation, steel production, cement manufacturing and as a liquid fuel. Steam coal also known as thermal coal - is mainly used in power generation. Coking coal - also known as metallurgical coal .

 

Assertion and Reasoning Based Questions

Mark the option which is most suitable:
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.

Question : Assertion : Most nuclear power stations in India have been constructed near water sources.
Reason : These power stations require a lot of water for cooling purposes.
Answer : (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.

Question : Assertion : Uses of iron brought a radical change in human life.
Reason : Different kinds of tools where invented by using minerals.
Answer : (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.

Question : Assertion : Conservation of energy resources is essential.
Reason : Energy is a basic requirement for economic development.
Answer : (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.

Question : Assertion : Mica is a metallic mineral.
Reason : Mica mineral is the basic raw material for electric and electronic industries.
Answer : (d) A is false but R is true.

 

Very Short Questions for Class 10 Social Science Minerals and Energy Resources

Question : Why should the use of cattle cake as fuel be discouraged?
Answer :  (a) It creates pollution (b) By burning a manure resource is destroyed, which can improve soil fertility. 

Question : Mention any four conventional sources of energy.
Answer : Firewood, cattle dung cake, coal and natural gas are conventional sources of energy. 

Question : Mention any four unconventional sources of energy.
Answer : Solar, wind, tidal and bio-gas are the unconventional sources of energy. 

Question : Which is the most abundantly available fossil fuel?
Answer : Coal is the most abundantly available fossil fuel. 

Question : How is coal formed?
Answer : Coal is formed due to the compression of plant material over millions of years. 

Question : Which is the most popular coal for commercial use? 
Answer : Among the four forms of coal the most popular coal for commercial use is bituminous.
 
Question : Which kind of mineral is found in Rajasthan? 
Answer : Non-ferrous minerals are found in Rajasthan.

Question : In which form minerals are found ?
Answer : Minerals are found in varied forms in nature, ranging from the hardest diamond to the softest talc.

Question : Which is an important mineral for the industries ?
Answer : Iron ore is the basic mineral and the backbone of industrial development. India is endowed with fairly abundant resources of iron ore.

Question : Which are the major iron ore belts in India ?
Answer : The major iron ore belts in India are -
(i) Odisha-Jharkhand belt,
(ii) Durg-Bastar-Chandrapur belt,
(iii) Ballari-Chitradurga-Chikkamagaluru-Tumakuru and
(iv) Maharashtra-Goa belt.

Question : Give an account of non-ferrous minerals.
Answer : India's reserves and production of non-ferrous minerals is not very satisfactory. However, these minerals, which include copper, bauxite, lead, zinc and gold, play a vital role in a number of metallurgical, engineering and electrical industries.

Question : Peninsular rocks contain most of the reserves of coal, metallic minerals, ________.
Answer : mica and many other non-metallic minerals.

Question : Why magnetite is counted among the finest iron ore ?
Answer : Magnetite is the finest iron ore with a very high content of iron up to 70%. It has excellent magnetic qualities valuable for the electrical industry.

Question : Correct the following statement and rewrite it :
Geologists define mineral as a “heterogeneous, naturally occurring substance with a definable internal structure.”
Answer : Geologists define mineral as a "homogenous, naturally occurring substance with a definable internal structure."

Question : Which properties are considered by the geologists to classify minerals ?
Answer : Geologists classify the minerals based on a few properties like a wide range of colours, crystal forms, brightness and density.

Question : What is the use of manganese ?
Answer : Manganese is mainly used in the manufacturing of steel and ferro-manganese alloy. Nearly 10 kg of manganese is required to manufacture one ton of steel. It is also used in manufacturing bleaching powder, insecticides and paints.

Question : Which state in India is the largest producer of manganese ?
Answer : Madhya Pradesh is the largest producer of manganese ores in India. It accounted for 27% of the country's total production of manganese in 2016-17.

Question : What are minerals ?
Answer : Minerals are the homogeneous substances, which are found in the earth's crust and have a definite chemical composition.

Question : Complete the following table with correct information with regard to Coal :

CBSE Class 10 Social Science Minerals And Energy Resources_4

Answer : (A) Commercial Coal,
(B) Highest quality hard coal. 

 

Short Questions for Class 10 Social Science Minerals and Energy Resources

Question : Describe any three characteristics of ‘Odisha-Jharkhand belt’ of iron ore in India.
Answer : The Odisha-Jharkhand Belt has the following characteristics :
(i) Odisha is rich in hematite ore of high grade.
(ii) Hematite ore is found in the Badampahar mines, which are located in the Mayurbhanj and Kendujhar districts.
(iii) Hematite iron ore is also found in the Gua and Noamundi mines, which are located in the Singbhum district of Jharkhand. 

Question : Which is the next major energy source in India after coal and why ? Name its most important its source in India ?
Answer : Petroleum or mineral oil is the next major energy source in India after coal. It provides fuel for heat and lighting, lubricants for machinery and raw materials for a number of manufacturing industries. Petroleum refineries act as a 'nodal industry' for synthetic textile, fertiliser and numerous chemical industries.
Mumbai High is the most important oil field of India which produces two-thirds of India's petroleum. Other oil fields are Ankeleshwar in Gujarat and Digboi, Naharkatiya, Moran-
Hugrijan in Assam. 

Question : How is coal important to industries ?
Answer : Coal is an important resource for industries :
(i) It is an indispensable raw material for iron and steel.
(ii) It is also a raw material for chemical industries and synthetic textile industries.
(iii) Many coal based products are processed in industries e.g., coal tar, graphite, soft coke, etc.
(iv) Power generation industry is mainly based on this fossil fuel. 

Question : What are the different types of coal ?
Answer : The different types of coal are :
(i) Anthracite
(ii) Bituminous
(iii) Lignite
(iv) Peat 

Question : What are the two main ways of generating electricity ?
Answer : Electricity has such a wide range of application in today's world that its precipitate consumption is considered as an index of development. Electricity is generated mainly in two ways : by running water which drives hydroturbines to generate hydroelectricity; and by burning other fuels such as coal, petroleum and natural gas to drive turbines to produce thermal power. 

Question : Why heavy industries and thermal power stations should be located on or near the coal fields ?
Answer : In India, coal is the most abundantly available fossil fuel. It provides a substantial part of the nation's energy needs. It is used for power generation, to supply energy to industry, as well as for domestic needs. India is highly dependent on coal for meeting its commercial energy requirements. Coal is formed due to the compression of plant material over millions of years. Coal is therefore found in a variety of forms. It is a bulky material, which loses weight on use as it is reduced to ashes. Hence, heavy industries and thermal power stations should be located on or near the coal fields. 

Question : India now ranks as a “wind super power” in the world. Explain.
Answer : India is blessed with an abundance of sunlight, water, wind and biomass. It has the largest programmes for the development of these renewable energy resources. The largest wind farm cluster is located in Tamil Nadu from Nagarcoil to Madurai. Apart from this region, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Gujarat, Kerala, Maharashtra and Lakshyadweep have important wind farms. Nagarcoil and Jaisalmer are also well known for effective use of wind energy in the country. Therefore, India now ranks as a 'wind super power; in the world.

Question : Write about the formation of tidal energy. 
Answer : To generate tidal energy oceanic tides are used. Floodgates dams are built across inlets. During high tide water flows into the inlet and gets trapped when the gate is  closed. After the tide falls outside the floodgate, the water retained by the floodgate flows back to the sea via pipes that carries it through a power-generating turbine. 
 
Question : Explain with an example that aluminum was widely used by the emperors of France. 
Answer : After the discovery of aluminium, it was widely used by the emporors of France.
i. Emperor Napoleon III wore buttons and hooks on his clothes made of aluminium.
ii. Food was served to his more illustrious guests in aluminium utensils and the less honorable ones were served in gold and silver utensils.
iii. Thirty years after this incident aluminium bowls were most common with the beggars in Paris.
 
Question : Why should we use renewable energy resource? Explain with arguments.
Answer :  In the present circumstances particularly in India there is a pressing need to use renewable energy resources because : 
1. Non-renewable resources are limited and will get exhausted in few decades, thus there is a need to use inexhaustible energy resources such as solar power, for sustainable development. 
2. There has been a rapid depletion of nonrenewable resources like coal, gasoline, petroleum that took millions of years to form. Thus, it makes immense sense to use renewable nonpolluting energy resources. 
3. Fossil fuels like coal, petroleum products etc., create pollution which has resulted in environmental degradation making clean energy an urgent requirement.
4. Newer sources of fossil fuels are becoming more and more difficult to find hence they have become more expensive. Thus, it again points to adaptation to renewable energy sources like solar, geothermal wind energy etc. 
 
Question : “There is a pressing need to use renewable energy resources.” Justify the statement with suitable arguments.
Answer : Need to use renewable energy resources are : 
(i) The growing consumption of energy has resulted in the country becoming increasingly dependent on fossil fuels such as coal, oil and gas. 
(ii) Rising prices of oil and gas and their potential shortages have raised uncertainties about the security of energy supply in future. 
(iii) Has serious repercussions on the growth of our country. 
(v) Hence, there is a pressing need to use renewable energy source like solar energy, wind, tide, biomass and energy from waste material.
 
Question : Describe any three characteristics of Bellary- Chitradurga, Chikmaglur-Tumkur iron-ore blet in India.
Answer :  Ballari-Chitradurga-Chikmagaluru-Tumakuru belt in Karnataka has large reserves of iron ore. 
(a) The Kudremukh mines located in the Western Ghats of Karnataka. 
(b) They are a 100 per cent export unit. 
(c) Kudremukh deposits are known to be one of the largest in the world. The ore is transported as slurry through a pipeline to a port near Mangaluru. 
 
Question : 'Energy saved is energy produced.' Assess the statement.
Answer :  Energy is required for all activities in industries, agriculture, transport and domestic use. It implies that all these activities can take initiatives to conserve energy if we discipline ourselves. To begin with, each one of us should be always ready and be vigilant to take note of wasteful use and correct it immediately. It may be as simple as putting off an electrical appliance when not in use. We should develop a mindset to use public transport system instead of individual vehicles. Electronic devices must be switched off when not in use. We should use more and more power saving devices and at home we should plan to install solar panels to generate some electricity. When we do not use a particular quantity of electric power someone else use can it. In absolute sense power plants will need to produce that much less of power; which benefits the environment as that much less fossil fuel will have to be burnt. 
 
Question : Describe any three features of ferrous minerals found in India. 
Answer :  Ferrous minerals in India account for approximately three-fourths of the total price of the production of metallic minerals. They provide a strong foundation for the expansion of metallurgical industries. India is also a leading exporter of ferrous minerals, magnetite, hematite are some of the common ferrous minerals. Odisha, Chhattisgarh and Maharashtra are the chief states where these minerals are found.
 
Question : There is an urgent need to develop a sustainable path of energy development. Give two broad measures for it. As concerned citizens, how can you help to conserve energy?
Answer :  Need to use renewable energy resources are : 
(i) The growing consumption of energy has resulted in the country becoming increasingly dependent on fossil fuels such as coal, oil and gas. 
(ii) Rising prices of oil and gas and their potential shortages have raised uncertainties about the security of energy supply in future. 
(iii) Has serious repercussions on the growth of our country. 
(v) Hence, there is a pressing need to use renewable energy source like solar energy, wind, tide, biomass and energy from waste material.
 
Question : Why is mica considered the most important mineral in electric and electronic industries? Give three reasons.
Answer :  Mica is : 
(i) Excellent di-electric in strength and has low power loss factor. 
(ii) It has insulating properties and resistance to high voltage. 
(iii) It is the most indispensable mineral used in electric and electronic industries.
 
Question : Describe any three non-conventional sources of energy.
Answer :  Non-conventional sources of energy are : 
(i) Solar Energy : India is a tropical country. It has enormous possibilities of trapping solar energy. Photovoltaic technology converts sunlight directly into electricity. Solar energy is quickly becoming popular in rural and remote areas. (ii) Wind Energy : India now ranks as a 'wind super power' in the world. Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Gujarat, Kerala, Maharashtra and Lakshadweep have important wind farms. Nagericoil and Jaisalmer are well-known for effective use of wind energy in the country.
 
Question : How is iron-ore transported from Kudremukh mines to a port near Mangaluru? 
Answer : Iron ore is transported as slurry through pipelines.
 
Question : What efforts are required to use mineral resources in a planned and sustainable manner? Explain in three points.  Conservation of Minerals ; Energy Resources : Conventional and Non- Conventional; Conservation of Energy Resources
Answer :  Following efforts have to be made to use minerals in a planned and sustainable manner : 
(i) Recycling of metals : We should recycle the metal or metal-made products to prevent its scarcity. For example : Used steel blade should be sent for recycling, so that the steel can be used again for other purposes. 
(ii) Improved technologies need to be evolved : Traditional technologies should be replaced with new and improve technologies, so that the wastages can be minimised. 
(iii) Use of substitute or alternative resource : The resources which cannot be recycled or reused should be replaced with the recyclable resources. e.g. Use of green gas instead of coal for cooking purpose. 

Question : Mention any four activities which require energy.
Answer : Energy is needed to
(i) Cook food
(ii) Provide light and heat
(iii) Propel vehicles
(iv) Drive machinery in industries 

Question : Mention three merits of natural gas.
Answer : (i) Natural gas is an important clean energy resource found in association with or without petroleum.
(ii) It is used as a source of energy as well as an industrial raw material in the petrochemical industry.
(iii) It is considered an environment-friendly fuel because of low carbon dioxide emissions. 

Question : How is peat produced? Mention one feature of it.
Answer : Peat is produced by decaying of plants in swamps.
Features: It has a low carbon high moisture contents and low heating capacity. 

Question : Which is a low grade brown coal? Mention one feature of it?
Answer : Lignite is a low grade brown coal.
Feature: It is soft with high moisture content. 

Question : How do minerals occur in igneous and metamorphic rocks?
Answer : In igneous and metamorphic rocks, minerals may occur in the cracks, crevices, faults or joints. The smaller occurrences are known as veins and the larger are known as lodes. In most cases, they are formed when minerals in liquid/molten and gaseous forms are forced upwards through cavities towards the earth’s surface. They cool and solidify as they rise.

 

 

Long Questions for Class 10 Social Science Minerals and Energy Resources

Question : How is iron ore distributed in India?
Answer : (i) Odisha Jharkhand belt : In Odisha, high grade hematite ore is found in Badampahar mines in the Mayurbhanj and Kendujhar districts. In the adjoining Singbhum district of Jharkhand, hematite iron ore is mined in Gua and Noamundi.
(ii) Durg-Bastar-Chandrapur belt : It lies in Chhattisgarh and Maharashtra. Very high grade hematites are found in the famous Bailadila range of hills in the Bastar district of Chhattisgarh. The ranges of hills comprise 14 deposits of super high grade hematite iron ore. It has the best physical properties needed for steel making.
(iii) Ballari-Chitradurga-Chikkamagaluru-Tumakuru belt : Karnataka has large reserves of iron ore. The Kudremukh mines located in the Western Ghats of Karnataka are a 100 per cent export unit. Kudremukh deposits are known to be one of the largest in the world.
(iv) Maharashtra-Goa belt : It includes the state of Goa and Ratnagiri district of Maharashtra. Though, the ores are not of very high quality, yet they are efficiently exploited. 

Question : What is Geothermal energy ?
Answer : Geothermal energy refers to the heat and electricity produced by using the heat from the interior of the Earth. Geothermal energy exists because; the Earth grows progressively hotter with increasing depth. Where the geothermal gradient is high, high temperatures are found at shallow depths. Groundwater in such areas absorbs heat from the rocks and becomes hot. It is so hot that when it rises to the earth's surface, it turns into steam. This steam is used to drive turbines and generate electricity. There are several hundred hot springs in India, which could be used to generate electricity. Two experimental projects have been set up in India to harness geothermal energy. One is located in the Parvati valley near Manikarn in Himachal Pradesh and the other is located in the Puga valley, Ladakh. 

Question : What are the benefits of using non-conventional sources of energy ? What sense of duty it promotes ?
Answer : The benefits of using non-conventional sources of energy are enumerated as follows :
(i) Reduces pollution.
(ii) Reduces burden on conventional sources.
(iii) Environmental friendly.
It promotes the following sense of duties :
(i) Concern for future generation.
(ii) Thoughtfulness about resources.
(iii) Lends hand to sustainable development.

Question :  Differentiate between Hydroelectricity and Thermal electricity.
Answer : 

CBSE Class 10 Social Science Minerals And Energy Resources_15

CBSE Class 10 Social Science Minerals And Energy Resources_16

Question : We use different things in our daily life made from metal. List a number of 10 items used in your house made of metals.
Answer : Ten items used in a household which are made of metals are :
(i) Gas stove
(ii) Lighter
(iii) Television
(iv) Fridge
(v) Mixer grinder
(vi) Iron
(vii) Juicer
(viii) Utensils
(ix) Almirah
(x) Washing machine

Question : What are the different forms of coal ? Which is the highest quality coal ?
Answer : In India, coal is the most abundantly available fossil fuel. It provides a substantial part of the nation's energy needs.
Different forms of coal are :
(i) Peat : Decaying plants in swamps produce peat which has a low carbon and high moisture contents and low heating capacity.
(ii) Lignite : It is a low grade brown coal, which is soft with high moisture content. The principal lignite reserves are in Neyveli in Tamil Nadu and are used for the generation of electricity.
(iii) Bituminous : Coal that has been buried deep and subjected to increased temperature is bituminous coal. It is the most popular coal in commercial use. Metallurgical coal is high grade bituminous coal which has a special value for smelting iron in blast furnaces.
(iv) Anthracite : It is the highest quality hard coal and contains 80% of carbon. 

Question : ‘Consumption of energy in all forms has been rising all over the country. There is an urgent need to develop a sustainable path of energy development and energy saving’. Suggest and explain any three measures to solve this burning problem.
Answer : Energy is a basic requirement for economic development. The strategy of economic development that India adopted since Independence necessarily required increasing amount of energy consumption. As a result, consumption of energy in all forms has been rising. To take care of this concern various measures that need to be adopted are as follows :
(i) We need to increase the use of renewable energy resources like solar, wind power, biogas, tidal energy and geothermal energy. This will decrease the dependence on non-renewable energy resources.
(ii) We have to adopt a cautious approach for judicious use of our limited energy resources. For example, as a concerned citizen, we can use public transport system in place of individual vehicle.
(iii) Another measure that needs to be adopted is promotion of energy conservation, e.g., switching off electrical devices when not in use, using power saving devices. 

Question : Explain any five points of significance of bio-gas generation in the rural areas of India.
Answer : (i) Biogas is produced from shrubs, farm waste, animal and human wastes. It is mostly used for domestic consumption in rural areas.
(ii) Decomposition of organic matter yields gas, which has higher thermal efficiency in comparison to kerosene, dung cake and charcoal.
(iii) Biogas plants are set up at municipal, cooperative and individual levels. Biogas plants using cattle dung are known as Gobar gas plants in rural India.
(iv) These provide twin benefits to the farmer in the form of energy and improved quality of manure.
(v) Biogas makes the most efficient use of cattle dung.
(vi) It prevents the loss of trees and manure due to burning of fuel wood and cow dung cakes. 

Question : Distinguish between conventional and non-conventional sources of energy. 
Answer :
                  Conventional                                                                                                                   Non- Conventional
1. Conventional sources of energy are non-renewable sources of energy.              1. Non-conventional sources of energy are renewable sources of energy.
2. These sources get depleted with its use.                                                         2. These resources can be used again and again.
3. These are traditional sources of energy.                                                          3. These are recently developed sourcesof energy.
4. These causes large scale pollution.                                                                 4. These are environment friendly resources.
5. For example : Coal, petroleum, diesel,etc.                                                      5. For example: Solar energy, wind energy, tidal energy etc.
 
Question : Highlight the importance of petroleum. Explain the occurrence of petroleum in India.
Answer :  Importance of Petroleum are as follows : 
(i) Petroleum is the major energy source in India. 
(ii) It provides fuel for heat and lighting. 
(iii) It provides lubricant for machinery. 
(iv) It provides raw material for a number of manufacturing industries. 
(v) Petroleum refineries act as core industry for synthetic, textile, fertilizer and chemical industries. Availability : 
(i) Most of the petroleum reserves in India are associated with anticlines and fault traps. 
(ii) In regions of folding anticline or domes, it occurs where oil is trapped in the crust of the upfold. 
(iii) Petroleum is also found in fault traps between porous and non-porous rocks. 

Question : “Minerals are unevenly distributed in India.” Support the statement with examples.
Answer : (I) India is fortunate to have fairly rich and varied mineral resources. However, they are unevenly distributed.
(II) Peninsular rocks contain most of the reserves of coal, metallic minerals, mica and many other one metallic minerals.
(III) Sedimentary rocks on the Western and eastern flanks of peninsula, in Gujarat and assam have most of the petroleum deposits.
(IV) Rajasthan with the rock system of the peninsula has reserve of many now ferrous minerals.
(V) The vast alluvial plains of North India are almost devoid of economic minerals.

Question : Highlight the importance of petroleum. Explain the occurrence of petroleum in India.
Answer : Importance of petroleum:
(1)Petroleum is the major energy source in India.
(2) Provide fuel for heat and lightning.
(3) Provide lubricant for machinery.
(4) Provide raw material for a number of manufacturing industries.
(5) Petroleum refineries act as nodal industry for synthetic, textile, fertilizer and chemical industries.
Its occurrence:
1. Most of the petroleum occurrence in India are associated with Anticlines and fault traps.
2. In regions of folding, anticline or domes, it occurs where oil is trapped in the crest of the upfold.

Question : Explain the importance of conservation of materials. Highlight any 3 measures to conserve them.
Answer : Importance of conservation of material:
1. Mineral resources are being rapidly consumed which takes millions of year to be created and concentrated.
2. Mineral resources are finite and non renewable.
3. Continued extension of ores leads to increase cost as mineral extraction come from greater depth along with decreasing quantity.
The three measures to conserve minerals:
1. It should be used in planned and sustainable manners. .
2. Improve technology needs to be consistently evolved to allow use of low grade ores at low cost.
3. Some of the metals are recyclable.
4. Scrap of metal can be used and some others substitute can be found.

Question : “Minerals are indispensable part of our lives.” Support this statement with suitable examples.
Answer : Minerals are indispensable part of our lives:
1. Almost everything we use, from a tiny Pin to a towering building or a big ship, all are made from minerals.
2. The railway lines and turmac (paving) of the roads are made from minerals
3. Cars ,buses, trains, aeroplanes are manufactured from minerals and run on power resources derived from the earth.
4. Even the food that we eat contains minerals. 5 In all stage of development human being have used minerals for their livelihood, decoration, festivities, religious and ceremonial rites.

Question : “Energy saved is energy produced.” Justify the statement by giving any six measures to conserve the energy resources.
Answer : We have to adopt a cautious approach for the judicious use of our limited energy resources.
As concerned citizens, we can do our bit by:
1.Using public transport system instead of individual vehicles.
2 switching off electricity when not in use.
3. Using power saving devices like star appearing in electronic industries.
4.Using CNG fuel in which is environmental friendly.
5 increase use of renewable energy.
6 using biogas for domestic consumption in the ruler areas.

PASSAGE
The growing consumption of energy has resulted in the country becoming increasingly dependent on fossil fuels such as coal, oil and gas. Rising price of oil and gas and their potential shortage has raised uncertainties about the security of energy supply in future, which in turn has serious repercussions on the growth of national economy. Moreover increasingly use of fossil fuels also causes serious environmental problems. Hence, there is a pressing need to use renewable energy sources like solar energy, wind, tide, biomass and energy from waste material. These are called non conventional energy sources. India is blessed with an abundance of sunlight water, wind and biomass. It was the largest programmes for the development of these renewable energy resources.

Question : What are non conventional energy resources?
Answer : Sources like solar energy, wind, tide ,biomass are non conventional energy sources.

Question : What is causing serious environmental problems?
Answer :  Increasing use of fossil fuels are causing serious environmental problem.

Question : Why is there a pressing need to use renewable energy?
Answer : Due to serious environmental problem there is a pressing need to use renewable energy.

 

 

Source/Case Based Questions

Question : Read the extract given below and answer the questions that follow : 

Energy is required for all activities. It is needed to cook, to provide light and heat, to propel vehicles and to drive machinery in industries. Energy can be generated from fuel minerals like coal, petroleum, natural gas, uranium and from electricity. Energy resources can be classified as conventional and nonconventional sources. Conventional sources include : firewood, cattle dung cake, coal, petroleum, natural gas and electricity (both hydel and thermal). Non-conventional sources include solar, wind, tidal, geothermal, biogas and atomic energy. Firewood and cattle dung cake are most common in rural India. According to one estimate more than 70 per cent energy requirement in rural households is met by these two; continuation of these is increasingly becoming difficult due to decreasing forest area. Moreover, using dung cake too is being discouraged because it consumes most valuable manure which could be used in agriculture. 

(i) Energy resources are mainly divided into ___________ and __________ categories.
(a) metallic, non-metallic
(b) ferrous, non-ferrous
(c) conventional, non-conventional
(d) lodes, veins 

Answer : (c) conventional, non-conventional. 

(ii) Identify which energy resource the following places are associated with -

CBSE Class 10 Social Science Minerals And Energy Resources_5

Choose the correct option -
(a) 1-a, 2-c, 3-b, 4-d
(b) 1-c, 2-a, 3-b, 4-d
(c) 1-b, 2-c, 3-d, 4-a
(d) 1-d, 2-c, 3-a, 4-b 

Answer : (b) 1-c, 2-a, 3-b, 4-d 

(iii) Which of the following option does not stand true for firewood and cattle dung ?
(a) Both are conventional source of energy.
(b) Highly popular among rural households.
(c) High value as a raw material.
(d) Can be used as manure in fields. 

Answer : (c) High value as a raw material 

(iv) In order to reduce the consumption of conventional sources of energy, government should __________.
(a) bring more alternatives
(b) strictly make laws
(c) make conventional sources costlier
(d) ban use of conventional sources 

Answer : (a) bring more alternatives

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