CBSE Class 9 Science Diversity in Organisms Sure Shot Questions Set 02

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ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS SET - 2
CHAPTER - 7
DIVERSITY IN ORGANISMS

1. Who introduced the system of scientific nomenclature of organisms? [1 Mark]

Answer:
1. Carolus Linnaeus introduced the system of scientific nomenclature of organisms.

Teacher's Note:
a) Scientific nomenclature uses a two-word naming system called binomial nomenclature.
b) Carolus Linnaeus is known as the father of modern taxonomy.

2. In which Kingdom, an organism does not have a well defined nucleus and organelles? [1 Mark]

Answer:
1. Kingdom Monera organisms do not have a well-defined nucleus or membrane-bound organelles.

Teacher's Note:
a) Organisms in Kingdom Monera are prokaryotic in nature.
b) Bacterial cells lack internal compartmentalization found in eukaryotes.

3. In the hierarchy of classification, which group will have the largest number of organisms? [1 Mark]

Answer:
1. Kingdom is the highest taxonomic category in the hierarchy and contains the largest number of organisms.

Teacher's Note:
a) Taxonomic hierarchy proceeds from broad kingdoms down to specific species.
b) As you move up the hierarchy from species to kingdom, general characteristics increase while common traits among members decrease.

4. Which in your opinion is more basic characteristic for classifying organism. The place where they live in or the kind of cells they are made of? [1 Mark]

Answer:
1. The kind of cells organisms are made of is a more basic characteristic for classification.

Teacher's Note:
a) Cell structure reflects fundamental biochemical and structural organization.
b) Habitat can vary among closely related species, whereas cellular makeup remains a deep evolutionary trait.

5. Give examples of the organisms that have cilia and flagellum for moving around. [1 Mark]

Answer:
1. Paramecium moves using cilia.
2. Euglena moves using a flagellum.

Teacher's Note:
a) Cilia are numerous, short, hair-like structures.
b) Flagella are typically longer, whip-like appendages occurring singly or in small numbers.

6. In the hierarchy of classification, which group will have the smallest number of organisms and a maximum number of similar characteristics? [1 Mark]

Answer:
1. Species has the smallest number of organisms and the maximum number of similar characteristics.

Teacher's Note:
a) Members of a species can interbreed and share the highest degree of common traits.
b) Species forms the basic fundamental unit of biological classification.

7. Name the substance which makes the cell wall of fungi. [1 Mark]

Answer:
1. Chitin is the tough complex sugar that makes up the cell wall of fungi.

Teacher's Note:
a) Chitin is a structural polysaccharide containing nitrogen.
b) Plant cell walls are made of cellulose, distinguishing them from fungal cell walls.

8. Name a symbiotic life form that grows on the bark of a tree as large, coloured patches. [1 Mark]

Answer:
1. Lichen is the symbiotic association between algae and fungi that grows as coloured patches.

Teacher's Note:
a) The algal partner provides food through photosynthesis, while the fungal partner provides shelter and minerals.
b) Lichens are sensitive indicators of air pollution.

9. In which kingdom would you place an organism which is unicellular, eukaryotic and photosynthetic? [1 Mark]

Answer:
1. Kingdom Protista includes unicellular eukaryotic organisms.

Teacher's Note:
a) Unicellular algae and diatoms belong to Protista.
b) Eukaryotic means having a true membrane-bound nucleus and organelles.

10. What is the primary characteristic on which the first division of organisms is made? [1 Mark]

Answer:
1. The nature of the cell nucleus, whether prokaryotic or eukaryotic, is the primary characteristic.

Teacher's Note:
a) This distinction separates Monera from all other eukaryotic kingdoms.
b) It represents a fundamental evolutionary divergence in cellular architecture.

11. What is the mode of nutrition in Mushroom? [1 Mark]

Answer:
1. Mushrooms exhibit saprophytic mode of nutrition.

Teacher's Note:
a) Saprophytes absorb nutrients from dead and decaying organic matter.
b) Fungi secrete digestive enzymes outside their bodies and absorb the resulting simpler molecules.

12. Eichler classified the plant kingdom into two sub-kingdoms. Name the two sub kingdoms. [1 Mark]

Answer:
1. Cryptogamae and Phanerogamae are the two sub-kingdoms classified by Eichler.

Teacher's Note:
a) Cryptogams are plants with hidden reproductive organs.
b) Phanerogams are seed-bearing plants with visible reproductive structures.

13. Name the kingdom which includes the simplest form of eukaryotes. [1 Mark]

Answer:
1. Kingdom Protista includes the simplest forms of eukaryotes.

Teacher's Note:
a) Protists are mostly single-celled aquatic organisms.
b) They bridge the gap between simple prokaryotes and complex multicellular eukaryotes.

14. Do Protozoans have eyes? [1 Mark]

Answer:
1. No, protozoans do not have eyes, though some possess eyespots or light-sensitive stigma.

Teacher's Note:
a) Protozoans are unicellular heterotrophic protists like Amoeba and Paramecium.
b) Light-sensitive structures help them navigate toward or away from light.

15. Name the simplest of plants that do not have a well-differentiated body design. [1 Mark]

Answer:
1. Thallophyta or algae are the simplest plants lacking a well-differentiated body design.

Teacher's Note:
a) Their plant body is not differentiated into roots, stems, and leaves.
b) They are predominantly aquatic organisms.

16. Which division of plants are often called amphibians of the plant kingdom? [1 Mark]

Answer:
1. Bryophyta division of plants are called amphibians of the plant kingdom.

Teacher's Note:
a) They live in soil but depend on water for sexual reproduction.
b) Mosses and liverworts are common examples of bryophytes.

17. Woese introduced by dividing the Monera kingdom into two sub-kingdoms. Name the two? [1 Mark]

Answer:
1. Archaebacteria and Eubacteria are the two sub-kingdoms.

Teacher's Note:
a) Carl Woese proposed the three-domain system based on ribosomal RNA sequences.
b) Archaebacteria are ancient bacteria surviving in extreme environments.

18. Write the name of the group of plants, which produces seeds, but not fruits. [1 Mark]

Answer:
1. Gymnosperms produce seeds but not fruits.

Teacher's Note:
a) Gymnosperm means naked seeds because seeds are not enclosed inside an ovary or fruit.
b) Pine and cycas are typical examples.

19. Amar, Ujala and Anara wrote the scientic name of mango as follows. Who wrote it correctly. 1) Amar - Mangifera Indica 2) Ujala - Mangifera indica 3) Anara - mangifera indica [1 Mark]
(1) Amar - Mangifera Indica
(2) Ujala - Mangifera indica
(3) Anara - mangifera indica

Answer: (2) Ujala wrote it correctly (Mangifera indica)

1. Generic name starts with a capital letter (Mangifera).
2. Species name starts with a small letter (indica).
3. Hence, Ujala wrote the scientific name correctly according to binomial nomenclature rules.

Teacher's Note:
a) Binomial nomenclature convention requires genus capitalized and species lowercase.
b) Option 1 capitalized both words incorrectly, while option 3 left the genus lowercase.

20. Algae belongs to which division of Plantae? [1 Mark]

Answer:
1. Algae belongs to the division Thallophyta.

Teacher's Note:
a) Thallophytes are simple plants with thallus-like bodies.
b) Examples include Spirogyra, Ulothrix, and Chara.

21. Name the three divisions of Plantae that have inconspicuous reproductive organs. What are their seeds called? [1 Mark]

Answer:
1. Thallophyta, Bryophyta, and Pteridophyta are the three divisions with inconspicuous reproductive organs.
2. They do not produce seeds; they are spore-bearing cryptogams.

Teacher's Note:
a) Cryptogams lack flowers and seeds entirely.
b) Reproduction in these groups occurs through microscopic spores.

22. Name the two groups of Plantae that are commonly called phanerogams. [1 Mark]

Answer:
1. Gymnosperms and Angiosperms are the two groups called phanerogams.

Teacher's Note:
a) Phanerogams possess well-differentiated reproductive tissues that produce seeds.
b) They are divided into naked-seed plants and enclosed-seed plants.

23. Identify the division of Plantae having following characteristics: i).Seeds not enclosed within fruit. ii).Flowers represented as cones (unisexual) iii). Ovules not located in ovary. [1 Mark]

Answer:
1. Gymnosperms is the division of Plantae with these characteristics.

Teacher's Note:
a) Naked seeds are the hallmark feature of gymnosperms.
b) Cones serve as reproductive structures instead of true flowers.

24. Identify plant group which has parallel venation, scattered vascular bundles, flower petals/parts in multiple of three, fibrous roots. [1 Mark]

Answer:
1. The plant group referred to is Monocotyledons (Monocots).

Teacher's Note:
a) Monocots typically possess a single cotyledon in their seeds along with fibrous roots.
b) Their leaves characteristically show parallel venation instead of reticulate venation.

25. Identify the plant groups which has net like veins in leaves, flower parts in group of fours or fives, vascular bundles are in a ring and two seed leaves. [1 Mark]

Answer:
1. The plant group referred to is Dicotyledons (Dicots).

Teacher's Note:
a) Dicots contain two cotyledons within their seeds and possess a tap root system.
b) Their stems have vascular bundles arranged in a distinct ring.

26. Give two examples of Bryophyta plants? [1 Mark]

Answer:
1. Moss (Funaria) and Marchantia.

Teacher's Note:
a) Bryophytes are known as the amphibians of the plant kingdom.
b) They lack specialized vascular tissues for the conduction of water and minerals.

27. Give two examples of Pteridophyes [1 Mark]

Answer:
1. Ferns and Marsilea.

Teacher's Note:
a) Pteridophytes are the first terrestrial plants to possess vascular tissues (xylem and phloem).
b) Their plant body is differentiated into true roots, stem, and leaves.

28. Pines and Deodar belong to which group of Plants? [1 Mark]

Answer:
1. Gymnosperms.

Teacher's Note:
a) Gymnosperms bear naked seeds which are not enclosed inside an ovary or fruit.
b) They are perennial, evergreen, and woody plants.

29. Sunflower, Maize, Wheat and Pea belong to which group of plants? [1 Mark]

Answer:
1. Angiosperms (Flowering plants).

Teacher's Note:
a) Angiosperms are seed-bearing plants in which seeds are enclosed inside fruits.
b) This group is further subdivided into monocots and dicots.

30. Identify which of the following are monocots and dicots: garlic, onion, tomatoes, corn, peppers, potatoes, wheat, beans [1 Mark]

Answer:
1. Monocots: Garlic, onion, corn, wheat.
2. Dicots: Tomatoes, peppers, potatoes, beans.

Teacher's Note:
a) Monocots have single seed leaves and parallel-veined leaves.
b) Dicots have two seed leaves and net-like venation.

31. Minimal body design, have holes which lead to canal system that helps in circulating water, marine habitat. Which division of Animalia it refers to? [1 Mark]

Answer:
1. Porifera (Sponges).

Teacher's Note:
a) Poriferans are non-motile animals attached to some solid support.
b) Holes or pores all over the body lead to a canal system that circulates water for food and oxygen.

32. Hydra, Jelly Fish, corals belog to which group of animals? [1 Mark]

Answer:
1. Coelenterata (Cnidaria).

Teacher's Note:
a) Coelenterates are aquatic, mostly marine animals with a cavity in the body.
b) They exhibit radial symmetry and have tentacles bearing stinging cells.

33. Commonly called flatworm, bilateral symmetrical, acoelomates are the features of which animal division? [1 Mark]

Answer:
1. Platyhelminthes.

Teacher's Note:
a) Their bodies are bilaterally symmetrical and flattened dorsoventrally.
b) They are triploblastic without a true body cavity (acoelomate).

34. Filarial worms, (Ascaris)round worms, (Wuchereria)pin worms belong to which group of animalia? [1 Mark]

Answer:
1. Nematoda (Aschelminthes).

Teacher's Note:
a) Nematodes have cylindrical, unsegmented, bilaterally symmetrical bodies.
b) They possess a pseudocoelom (false body cavity) and are often parasitic.

35. Which is the largest group of animals? [1 Mark]

Answer:
1. Arthropoda.

Teacher's Note:
a) Arthropods account for over two-thirds of all named species on Earth.
b) Key features include jointed appendages and a chitinous exoskeleton.

36. Identify the Animalia group having following features: i). jointed legs ii). bilaterally symmetrical segmented body iii). blood filled body cavity (open circulatory system) [1 Mark]

Answer:
1. Arthropoda.

Teacher's Note:
a) The blood-filled body cavity in arthropods is known as the hemocoel.
b) They possess jointed legs which give the phylum its name.

37. Which worms cause elephantiasis. Name the group it belongs to? [1 Mark]

Answer:
1. Filarial worm (Wuchereria bancrofti), which belongs to phylum Nematoda (Aschelminthes).

Teacher's Note:
a) Elephantiasis is a chronic condition causing severe swelling in the lower limbs.
b) The parasite is transmitted through the bite of infected mosquitoes.

38. Give three examples of organisms that are arthopods. [1 Mark]

Answer:
1. Prawn, butterfly, and housefly (or cockroach, spider, crab).

Teacher's Note:
a) Insects form the largest class within phylum Arthropoda.
b) They feature segmented bodies divided into head, thorax, and abdomen.

39. Give three examples of Molluscs [1 Mark]

Answer:
1. Snail, octopus, and freshwater mussel (or Pila, Chiton, Unio).

Teacher's Note:
a) Molluscs have soft bodies often protected by a hard calcium carbonate shell.
b) They feature a muscular foot for locomotion and a mantle cavity.

40. What type of circulatory system do Molluscs have? [1 Mark]

Answer:
1. Open circulatory system (except in cephalopods like octopuses which have a closed system).

Teacher's Note:
a) In an open circulatory system, blood flows through open spaces or sinuses rather than closed vessels.
b) Kidneys are present for excretion in these organisms.

41. Spiny skinned, marine, triploblastic coelomates having water-driven tube system for locomotion. What type of group are we talking of? [1 Mark]

Answer:
1. Echinodermata.

Teacher's Note:
a) Echinoderms are exclusively free-living marine animals.
b) They possess a unique water-vascular system used for locomotion, respiration, and food capture.

42. Give three examples of animals belong to Echinodermata [1 Mark]

Answer:
1. Starfish (Asterias), sea urchin (Echinus), and sea cucumber (Cucumaria).

Teacher's Note:
a) Adults show radial symmetry while their larvae exhibit bilateral symmetry.
b) Their hard skeleton is made of calcium carbonate plates.

43. Give three examples of Protochordata animals. [1 Mark]

Answer:
1. Balanoglossus, Herdmania, and Amphioxus.

Teacher's Note:
a) Protochordates are marine animals possessing a notochord at some stage in their life cycle.
b) They represent a transitional group between invertebrates and vertebrates.

44. What is the main basis of differentiation between vertebrates and non-vertebrates? [1 Mark]

Answer:
1. The presence of a vertebral column (backbone) and internal skeleton derived from the notochord in vertebrates.

Teacher's Note:
a) Vertebrates possess a true vertebral column enclosing the spinal cord.
b) Non-vertebrates lack a backbone and have varied structural designs.

45. Cold blooded, two chamber heart, stream lined body, scales on skin, gills present, aquatic life. Which group of vertebrates are we referring to? [1 Mark]

Answer:
1. Pisces (Fishes).

Teacher's Note:
a) Fishes use gills to extract dissolved oxygen from water.
b) Their two-chambered heart pumps deoxygenated blood to the gills for oxygenation.

46. Ambibian heart is divided into how many chambers? [1 Mark]

Answer:
1. Three chambers (two auricles and one ventricle).

Teacher's Note:
a) Amphibians live both in water and on land.
b) The three-chambered heart leads to some mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood.

47. Name the fish which is entirely made of cartilage. [1 Mark]

Answer:
1. Shark (or Stingray / Dogfish).

Teacher's Note:
a) Cartilaginous fishes belong to class Chondrichthyes.
b) Their endoskeleton is made entirely of flexible cartilage instead of true bone.

48. Name the fish having skeleton made of both bone and cartilage. [1 Mark]

Answer:
1. Bony fishes such as Rohu or Catla (Osteichthyes).

Teacher's Note:
a) Members of class Osteichthyes have skeletons composed of both bone and cartilage.
b) They possess an operculum covering their gills and often a swim bladder for buoyancy.

49. No scales on skin, mucus glands on skin, three chambered heart, respiration through gills, lungs and skin, oviparous, live on land and in water. Name the group of these vertebrates. [1 Mark]

Answer:
1. The group of vertebrates described is Amphibia.
2. Amphibians are adapted to live both on land and in water.

Teacher's Note:
a) Key features include moist skin without scales and a three-chambered heart.
b) They undergo metamorphosis from aquatic larvae to terrestrial adults.

50. Give three examples of Amphibians. [1 Mark]

Answer:
1. Frog
2. Toad
3. Salamander

Teacher's Note:
a) All selected examples belong to the class Amphibia.
b) Ensure common names are written clearly without spelling errors.

51. Snakes, turtles, lizards and crocodiles belong to which category of vertebrates? [1 Mark]

Answer:
1. They belong to the category Reptilia (Reptiles).

Teacher's Note:
a) Reptiles are cold-blooded vertebrates with scales on their bodies.
b) Most reptiles breathe exclusively through lungs.

52. Name a reptile which has four chambered heart. [1 Mark]

Answer:
1. Crocodile

Teacher's Note:
a) Most reptiles have a three-chambered heart.
b) The crocodile is a notable exception possessing a four-chambered heart.

53. What changes are evolved in limbs of aves? [1 Mark]

Answer:
1. The forelimbs are modified into wings for flying.

Teacher's Note:
a) This modification is a key adaptation for aerial locomotion in birds.
b) Hind limbs are adapted for walking, perching, or swimming.

54. Give three examples of flightless birds. [1 Mark]

Answer:
1. Ostrich
2. Emu
3. Kiwi

Teacher's Note:
a) Flightless birds have reduced or modified wings and heavy sternum structures.
b) Other valid examples include penguin and cassowary.

55. Four Chambered heart, mostly viviparous, skin covered with hairs, skin contains sweat and oil glands, four chambered heart. Which category of vertebrates are we talking about? [1 Mark]

Answer:
1. We are talking about mammals (Class Mammalia).

Teacher's Note:
a) Presence of mammary glands and hair are defining characteristics of mammals.
b) The repetition of four-chambered heart in the prompt reinforces warm-blooded physiology.

56. Give examples of egg laying mammals [1 Mark]

Answer:
1. Platypus (Duck-billed platypus)
2. Echidna (Spiny anteater)

Teacher's Note:
a) Egg-laying mammals are scientifically known as monotremes.
b) They exhibit a unique combination of reptilian and mammalian features.

57. Give an example of marsupial mammal [1 Mark]

Answer:
1. Kangaroo

Teacher's Note:
a) Marsupials give birth to immature young ones which develop further in a maternal pouch.
b) Other examples include koala, wombat, and opossum.

58. Give an example of mammal that can fly. [1 Mark]

Answer:
1. Bat

Teacher's Note:
a) Bats belong to the order Chiroptera and are the only mammals capable of true flight.
b) Their forelimbs are modified into wing structures supporting a membranous skin.