CBSE Class 12 Chemistry The p Block Elements Questions

School Assignments for Class 12 Chemistry: Unit 07 The P-Block Elements

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Consequences :

1. The first element in p-block element has four valence orbitals i.e. one 2s and three 2p, Hence maximum covalency of the first element in limited to four. The other elements of the p-block elements have vacant d-orbitals in their valence shell, e.g. elements of the third period have nine (9) one 3s, three 3p and five three 3d orbitals. Hence these show maximum covalence greater than four. Following questions can be answered -

(i) Nitrogen (N) does not from pentahalide while P froms PCl5, PF5, and PF6 –. Why?

(ii) Sulphur (S) forms SF6 but oxygen does not form OF6. Why?

(iii) Though nitrogen forms pentoxide but it does not form pentachloride. Explain. Why?

(iv) Fluorine forms only one oxoacid while other halogens form a number of oxoacids. Why?

(2) The first member of p-block elements displays greater ability to from pΠ- pΠ bond (s) with itself, (e.g., C = C, C ≡ C, N = N, N ≡ N) and with the other elements of second period (e.g., C = O, C ≡ N, N = O) compared to the subsequent members of the group.

This is because p-orbitals of the heavier members are so large and diffuse that they cannot have effective sideways overlapping. Heavier members can form pΠ – dΠ bonds with oxygen.

 

VSA QUESTIONS (1 - MARK QUESTIONS)
 
1. In group 15 elements, there is considerable increase in covalent radius from N to P but small increase from As to Bi. Why?
[Hint : Due to completely filled d- and / or f-orbitals in As, Sb and Bi.
 
2. The tendency to exhibit – 3 oxidation state, decreases down the group in group 15 elements. Explain.
[Hint : Due to increase in size and decrease in electronegativity down the groups].
 
3. Maximum covalence of Nitrogen is ‘4’ but the heavier elements of group 15 show covalence greater than ‘4’. Why?
 
4. Nitrogen exists as a diatomic molecule with a triple bond between the two atoms, whereas the heavier elements of the group do not exist as E2 at room temperature. Assign a reason.
[Hint : pπ – pπ multiple bonds are formed by N due to its small size.]
 
5. The ionization enthalpies of group 15 elements are higher than those of corresponding members of group 14 and 16 elements. Assign the reason.
 
6. The boiling point of PH3 is lesser than NH3. Why?
 
7. NO2 dimerises to form N2O4. Why?
[Hint : Due to presence of odd electron on N]
 
8. Draw the structure of N2O5 molecule.
 
9. How does ammonia solution react with Ag+ (aq)? Write the balanced chemical equation.
 
10. Why does NH3 forms intermolecular hydrogen bonds whereas PH3 does not?
 
[Hint : Due to strong electronegativity, small size of Nitrogen atom and presence of lone pair of electrons on N atom]
 
 
Important Questions for NCERT Class 12 Chemistry The p Block Elements

Question. When Cl2 gas reacts with hot and concentrated sodium hydroxide solution, the oxidation number of chlorine changes from
(a) zero to +1 and zero to –5
(b) zero to –1 and zero to +5
(c) zero to –1 and zero to +3
(d) zero to +1 and zero to –3 

Answer   B

Question. Which of the following is used in the preparation of chlorine?
(a) Both MnO2 and KMnO4
(b) Only KMnO4
(c) Only MnO2
(d) Either MnO2 or KMnO4 

Answer  A

Question. Which of the following elements is extracted commercially by the electrolysis of an aqueous solution of its compound?
(a) Cl
(b) Br
(c) Al
(d) Na 

Answer  A

Question. When chlorine is passed over dry slaked lime at room temperature, the main reaction product is
(a) Ca(ClO2)2
(b) CaCl2
(c) CaOCl2
(d) Ca(OCl)2 

Answer   C

Question. In the manufacture of bromine from sea water, the mother liquor containing bromides is treated with
(a) carbon dioxide
(b) chlorine
(c) iodine
(d) sulphur dioxide.

Answer  B

Question. The bleaching action of chlorine is due to
(a) reduction
(b) hydrogenation
(c) chlorination
(d) oxidation. 7.20 Hydrogen Chloride

Answer   D

Question. Bleaching powder reacts with a few drops of conc. HCl to give
(a) chlorine
(b) hypochlorous acid
(c) calcium oxide
(d) oxygen.

Answer   A

Question. Among the following, the correct order of acidity is
(a) HClO2 < HClO < HClO3 < HClO4
(b) HClO4 < HClO2 < HClO < HClO3
(c) HClO3 < HClO4 < HClO2 < HClO
(d) HClO < HClO2 < HClO3 < HClO4

Answer   D

Question. Which of the statements given below is incorrect?
(a) O3 molecule is bent.
(b) ONF is isoelectronic with O2N–.
(c) OF2 is an oxide of fluorine.
(d) Cl2O7 is an anhydride of perchloric acid.

Answer   C

Question. The correct order of increasing bond angles in the following species is
(a) Cl2O < ClO2 < ClO2–
(b) ClO2 < Cl2O < ClO2–
(c) Cl2O < ClO2– < ClO2
(d) ClO2– < Cl2O < ClO2 

Answer    D

Question. Which one of the following oxides is expected to exhibit paramagnetic behaviour?
(a) CO2
(b) SiO2
(c) SO2
(d) ClO2

Answer   D

Question. Identify the incorrect statement, regarding the molecule XeO4.
(a) XeO4 molecule is square planar.
(b) There are four pp - dp bonds.
(c) There are four sp3 - p, s bonds.
(d) XeO4 molecule is tetrahedral.

Answer    A

Question. Which compound has planar structure?
(a) XeF4
(b) XeOF2
(c) XeO2F2
(d) XeO4

Answer   A

Question. The ion or group detected by K2[HgI4] is :
(a) NO
(b) Cl– 
(c) NH2–
(d) NH4+

Answer   D

Question. Which gas cannot be collected over water ?
(a) O2
(b) PH3 
(c) N2
(d) SO2

Answer  D

Question. H2S does not produce metallic sulphide with :
(a) CuCl2
(b) COCl2 
(c) CdCl2
(d) ZnCl2

Answer   B

Question. In which of the following compounds, nitrogen exhibits highest oxidation state?
(a) N2H4
(b) NH3
(c) N3H
(d) NH2OH 

Answer    C

Question. Nitrogen forms N2, but phosphorus does not form P2, however, it converts P4, reason is
(a) triple bond present between phosphorus atom
(b) pp – pp bonding is weak
(c) pp – pp bonding is strong
(d) multiple bonds form easily. 

Answer   B

Question. Which of the following oxides is most acidic?
(a) As2O5
(b) P2O5
(c) N2O5
(d) Sb2O5 

Answer    C

 

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CBSE Class 12 Chemistry Assignments for Unit 07 The P-Block Elements

Revision Assignment: Unit 07 The P-Block Elements (CBSE)

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