CBSE Class 10 Science Electricity Notes

Read and download free pdf of CBSE Class 10 Science Electricity Notes. Students and teachers of Class 10 Science can get free advanced study material, revision notes, sure shot questions and answers for Class 10 Science prepared as per the latest syllabus and examination guidelines in your school. Class 10 students should download this study material which will give them more knowledge for all chapters in Science and all important topics which are scoring and can get you more marks. Students should also download free pdf of Chapter wise Notes for Class 10 Science prepared by school teachers as per the latest NCERT, CBSE, KVS books and syllabus issued this year and also download free worksheets and question papers available here to get higher scores in school exams and tests, also click here for more Study Material for Class 10 Science

Study Material for Class 10 Science Chapter 12 Electricity

Class 10 Science students should refer to the following Pdf for Chapter 12 Electricity in Class 10. These notes and test paper with questions and answers for Class 10 Science will be very useful for exams and help you to score good marks

Class 10 Science Chapter 12 Electricity


CBSE Class 10 Science Electricity Notes. There are many more useful educational material which the students can download in pdf format and use them for studies. Study material like concept maps, important and sure shot question banks, quick to learn flash cards, flow charts, mind maps, teacher notes, important formulas, past examinations question bank, important concepts taught by teachers. Students can download these useful educational material free and use them to get better marks in examinations.  Also refer to other worksheets for the same chapter and other subjects too. Use them for better understanding of the subjects.

ELECTRICITY

Electricity is a general term that encompasses a variety of phenomena resulting from the presence and flow of electric charge. These include many easily recognizable phenomena such as lightning and static electricity, but in addition, less familiar concepts such as the electromagnetic field and electromagnetic induction.

Electric charge

Electric charge is a fundamental conserved property of some subatomic particles, which determines their electromagnetic interaction. Electrically charged matter is influenced by, and produces, electromagnetic fields. The interaction between a moving charge and an electromagnetic field is the source of the electromagnetic force, which is one of the four fundamental forces. Electric charge is conserved, additive and quantised. The S.I. unit of electric charge is ‘C’ coulomb. Any other charged body will have a charge Q

Q = ne

where n is the number of electrons and e is the charge on electron = 1.6 x 10–19 coulombs. 

Electric current

Electric current is a flow of electrons in a conductor such as a metal wire. Electric current is expressed by the amount of charge flowing through a particular area in unit time. In other words, it is the rate of flow of electric charges. In circuits using metallic wires, electrons constitute the flow of charges. However, electrons were not known at the time when the phenomenon of electricity was first observed. So, electric current was considered to be the flow of positive charges and the direction of flow of positive charges was taken to be the direction of electric current. Conventionally, in an electric circuit the direction of electric current is taken as opposite to the direction of the flow of electrons, which are negative charges. The magnitude of electric current in a conductor is the amount of electric charge passing through a given point of conductor in 1 second.

I =Q/t

S.I. unit of electric current is ‘A’ (Ampere).

The electric current is expressed by a unit called ampere (A), named after the French scientist, Andre-Marie Ampere (1775–1836).

One Ampere

When 1 coulomb of charge flows through any cross-section of a conductor in 1 second, the electric charge flowing through it is said to be 1 ampere. Smaller unit current is milliampere(mA) and microampere( A)

1 mA = 10–3A

1 μA = 10–6A

An instrument called ammeter measures electric current in a circuit. It is always connected in series in a circuit through which the current is to be measured. The direction of electric current is from positive terminal to negative terminal through the electric circuit. 

1. What does an electric circuit mean?

Ans. An electric circuit consists of electric devices, switching devices, source of electricity, etc. that are connected by conducting wires.

2. Define the unit of current.

Ans. The unit of electric current is ampere (A). 1 A is defined as the flow of 1 C of charge through a wire in 1 s.

3. Calculate the number of electrons constituting one coulomb of charge.

Ans. One electron possesses a charge of 1.6 × 10−19 C, i.e., 1.6 × 10−19 C of charge is contained in 1 electron.

Potential difference, VA – VB = arg work done ch e , where VA is potential at point A, VB is

Potential difference

Potential difference, VA – VB between two points A and B is the work done per unit charge in taking a charge from B to A.

Potential difference, Potential difference, VA – VB = arg work done ch e , where VA is potential at point A, VB isre VA is potential at point A, VB is

potential at point B and S.I. unit of potential is volts (V), named after Alessandro Volta (1745–1827), an Italian physicist.

Electric Potential

Electric Potential at a point is defined as the work done per unit charge in bringing a charge from infinity to that point.
CBSE Class 10 Science Electricity Notes
The potential difference is measured by means of an instrument called the voltmeter. The voltmeter is always connected in parallel across the points between which the potential difference is to be measured.

One volt: The potential difference between two points is said to be 1 volt if 1 joule of work is done in moving 1 coulomb of electric charge from one point to the other. Electrons always flow from lower potential to higher potential.

1. Name a device that helps to maintain a potential difference across a conductor.

Ans. A source of electricity such as cell, battery, power supply, etc. helps to maintain a potential difference across a conductor.

2. What is meant by saying that the potential difference between two points is 1 V?

Ans. If 1 J of work is required to move a charge of amount 1 C from one point to another, then it is said that the potential difference between the two points is 1 V.

3. How much energy is given to each coulomb of charge passing through a 6 V battery?

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CBSE Class 10 Science Chapter 12 Electricity Study Material

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Study Material for Science CBSE Class 10 Chapter 12 Electricity

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Chapter 12 Electricity Study Material Science CBSE Class 10

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Chapter 12 Electricity CBSE Class 10 Study Material Science

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CBSE Study Material Science Class 10 Chapter 12 Electricity

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