CBSE Class 10 Science Chemical Reactions And Equations

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Study Material for Class 10 Science Chapter 1 Chemical Reactions and Equations

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Class 10 Science Chapter 1 Chemical Reactions and Equations

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 CHEMICAL REACTIONS AND EQUATIONS

1. During chemical reactions, chemical composition of substances changes or new substances are formed.

2.Chemical reactions can be written in chemical equation form which should be always balanced.

3. Types of Chemical Reactions 

cbse-class-10-science-9

4. i)Exothermic reaction: A chemical reaction in which heat energy is evolved.

C + O2 →CO2 (g) + heat

ii)Endothermic reaction: A chemical reaction in which heat energy is absorbed.

ZnCO3 + Heat →ZnO + CO2

5 .Redox reaction: Chemical reaction in which both oxidation and reduction take place simultaneously. 

Oxidation: Reaction that involves the gain of oxygen or loss of hydrogen.

Reduction: Reaction that shows the loss of oxygen or gain of hydrogen

ZnO + C →Zn + CO

ZnO is reduced to Zn -reduction

C is oxidized to CO ------oxidation

6. Effectsof oxidation reactions in our daily life:

a)Corrosion: It is an undesirable change that occurs in metals, when they are attacked by moisture, air, acids and bases.

Corrosion (rusting) of iron: Fe2O3. xH2O (Hydrated iron oxide)

Corrosion of copper:CuCO3.Cu (OH)2 (Basic copper carbonate)

Corrosion of silver:Ag2S (Silver sulphide)

Corrosion of Aluminum: Al2O3 (Aluminum oxide)

b)Rancidity: Undesirable change that takes place in oil containing food items due to the oxidation of fatty acids.

Preventive methods

(1)Adding antioxidants to the food materials.

(2) Storing food in air tight container

(3) Flushing out air with nitrogen gas.

(4) Refrigeration 

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CBSE Class 10 Science Chemical Reactions And Equations

CBSE Class 10 Science Chemical Reactions And Equations

CBSE Class 10 Science Chemical Reactions And Equations

Very short answer questions. (1 mark)
1. Identify in the following reaction:
2PbO +C→2Pb +CO
a) the substance oxidised and
b) the substance reduced.
2. A shiny brown coloured element “x” on heating in air becomes black in
colour . Name the element “x” and the black coloured compound formed.
Ans:Element „x‟is Copper and the black coloured compound is cupric oxide Cu2O
Short answer type questions (2 mark)
1. Classify the following reaction as combination,decomposition,displacement and double displacement reaction:-
a)BaCl2 +H2SO4 → BaSO4 +2HCl
Ans: Double displacement reaction.
b) 3CuSO4+ 2Al→ Al2 (SO4)3 +3Cu
c)ZnCO3 →ZnO +CO2
Ans: Decomposition reaction
d) C +O2→CO2
B
2) What is a precipi
tationreaction? Give an example.
Ans. Reaction in which an insoluble substance or precipitate is formed Na2 + BaCl2------------BaSO4+2NaCl

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CBSE Class 10 Science Chapter 1 Chemical Reactions and Equations Study Material

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Chapter 1 Chemical Reactions and Equations Study Material Science CBSE Class 10

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Chapter 1 Chemical Reactions and Equations CBSE Class 10 Study Material Science

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