Download CBSE Class 12 Biology Parthenogenesis Notes in PDF format. All Revision notes for Class 12 Biology have been designed as per the latest syllabus and updated chapters given in your textbook for Biology in Standard 12. Our teachers have designed these concept notes for the benefit of Grade 12 students. You should use these chapter wise notes for revision on daily basis. These study notes can also be used for learning each chapter and its important and difficult topics or revision just before your exams to help you get better scores in upcoming examinations, You can also use Printable notes for Class 12 Biology for faster revision of difficult topics and get higher rank. After reading these notes also refer to MCQ questions for Class 12 Biology given our website
Parthenogenesis Class 12 Biology Revision Notes
Class 12 Biology students should refer to the following concepts and notes for Parthenogenesis in standard 12. These exam notes for Grade 12 Biology will be very useful for upcoming class tests and examinations and help you to score good marks
Parthenogenesis Notes Class 12 Biology
PARTHENOGENESIS
(VIRGIN REPRODUCTION OR VIRGIN BIRTH)
Parthenogenesis is the development of an egg into offspring without fertilization.
Occurance: It is very common in Rotifers, Aphids, Bees and crustacean. Some vertebrates also reproduced by parthenogenesis.
Types: Parthenogenesis may be natural or artificial.
1 ) Natural parthenogenesis: It occurs regularly in the life cycle of some animals and is of following two types:
a) Complete parthenogenesis: It is also called as obligatory parthenogenesis . It means individuals with complete parthenogenesis,the males are completely absent and the females develop from the unfertilized eggs as it is found in Aphids, Phyllopods and Rotifers. It is also founds in some vetebrates. For example, a lizard Lacerta sexicola americana reproduce exclusively by parthenogenesis with no males in the population.
b) Incomplete parthenogenesis : In cyclic parthenogenesis, sexual generation alternates with parthenogenesic generation. For example, in bees and wasps, some eggs develop without fertilization and produce males, while those eggs that are fertilized developed into females.
PAEDOGENETIC PARTHENOGENESIS: In Gall Fly, the larvae may lay eggs which develop parthenogenetically into a new generation of larvae. This is called paedogenesis.
2) Artifical Parthenogenesis: In many sexually reproducing animals the egg can be activated by artificial methods to start the development without fertilization. This is called artificial parthenogenesis. For example, eggs of Sea Urchin can be made to develop successfully, if treated with weak salt solutions (chlorides of sodium ,potassium calcium and magnesium),weak organic acids, electric shocks or by shaking in sea water or by pricking the egg with glass needle.
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