CBSE Class 12 Biology Human Health And Disease Notes Set A

Question. Which of the following viruses is not transferred through semen of an infected male?
(a) Hepatitis-B virus
(b) Human immunodeficiency virus
(c) Chikungunya virus
(d) Ebola virus 
Answer : C

Question. Durg called ‘heroin’ is synthesised by
(a) acetylation of morphine
(b) glycosylation of morphine
(c) nitration of morphine
(d) methylation of morphine
Answer : A

Question. Which part of poppy plant is used to obtain the drug smack? 
(a) Roots
(b) Latex
(c) Flowers
(d) Leaves
Answer : B

Question. The uncontrolled proliferation of cancerous cells produces masses of cells, called
(a) tumours
(b) neoplastic cells
(c) protooncomass
(d) Both (a) and (b)
Answer : D

Question. Which form of tumour remains confined to their original location and do not spread to other parts of the body?
(a) Malignant tumour
(b) Benign tumour
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) Leukaemia
Answer : B

Question. Transformation of normal cell into cancerous cell is induced by
(a) carcinogens
(b) lipids
(c) proteins
(d) All of these
Answer : A

Question. Physical carcinogens, e.g. UV-ray, X-ray and g-rays cause
(a) DNA damage
(b) RNA damage
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) Protein damage
Answer : A

Question. Chemical carcinogens present in tobacco smoke have been identified as a major cause of
(a) lung cancer
(b) liver cancer
(c) oral cancer
(d) None of these
Answer : A

Question. When an apparently healthy person is diagnosed as unhealthy by a psychiatrist, the reason could be that 
(a) the patient was not efficient at his work
(b) the patient was not economically prosperous
(c) the patient shows behavioural and social maladjustment
(d) he does not take interest in sports
Answer : C

Question. A person with sickle-cell anaemia is
(a) more prone to malaria
(b) more prone to typhoid
(c) less prone to malaria
(d) less prone to typhoid
Answer : C

Question. Cancer causing viruses are called
(a) oncogenic viruses
(b) retroviruses
(c) adenoviruses
(d) poxviruses
Answer : A

Question. The genes which can lead to the oncogenic transformation of the cells in which these are present, are called
(a) oncogenes
(b) proto-oncogenes
(c) cellular oncogenes
(d) Both (b) and (c)
Answer : D

Question. Normal cell have genes called ........A..... which are present in inactivated state but under certain conditions like .....B... they get transformed to ...C.... Here A, B and C refers to
(a) A–cellular oncogenes, B–mutation, C–cancer causing oncogenes
(b) A–viral oncogenes, B–mutation, C–disease causing genes
(c) A–viral oncogenes, B–mutation, C–tumour causing genes
(d) None of the above
Answer : A

Question. Smoking addiction is harmful because smoke produces polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, which cause
(a) reduction in oxygen transport
(b) increase in blood pressure
(c) cancer
(d) retardation of growth of foetus
Answer : C

Question. In heavy smokers, the alveoli of the lungs are enlarged and damaged, which reduces the surface area for the exchange of respiratory gases. This condition is called
(a) asthma
(b) silicosis
(c) emphysema
(d) insomnia
Answer : C

Question. Carcinogen present in cigarette smoke is
(a) benzopyrene
(b) nicotine
(c) carbon monoxide
(d) All of these
Answer : A

Question. Characteristics of cancer are 
(a) All viruses are oncogenic
(b) All tumours are cancers
(c) Cancerous cells show property of contact inhibition
(d) Cancer cells show metastasis
Answer : D

Question. Which one of the following statements is correct with respect to immunity? 
(a) Preformed antibodies need to be injected to treat the bite by a viper snake
(b) The antibodies against smallpox pathogen are produced by T-lymphocytes
(c) Antibodies are protein molecules, each of which has four light chains
(d) Rejection of a kidney graft is the function of B-lymphocytes
Answer : A

Question. Which of the following is correct regarding AIDS causative agent HIV? 
(a) HIV is enveloped virus containing one molecule of single-stranded RNA and one molecule of reverse transcriptase
(b) HIV is enveloped virus that contains two identical molecules of single-stranded RNA and two molecules of reverse transcriptase
(c) HIV is unenveloped retrovirus
(d) HIV does not escape but attacks the acquired immune response
Answer : B

Question. Consider the following statements.
I. Adolescence is a very vulnerable phase of mental and psychological developments of individual.
II. Adolescence is marked by accelerated physical growth, development of reproductive organs and changes in functioning of the neuroendocrine system.
(a) Both statements I and II are correct
(b) Both statements I and II are incorrect
(c) Statement I is correct, but II is incorrect
(d) Statement I is incorect, but II is correct
Answer : A

Question. Which of the following techniques is used to detect the of cancer of internal organs?
(a) Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
(b) Radiography (X-ray)
(c) Computed Tomography (CT) scan
(d) All of the above
Answer : D

Question. Female Anopheles mosquito is a vector of
(a) filariasis
(b) malaria
(c) typhoid
(d) AIDS 
Answer : B

Question. Common symptoms of typhoid are
(a) high fever 39°C to 40°C and weakness
(b) stomach pain and constipation
(c) headache and loss of appetite
(d) All of the above 
Answer : D

Question. Malignant malaria is caused by
(a) Plasmodium falciparum
(b) Plasmodium ovale
(c) Plasmodium vivax
(d) Plasmodium malariae A
Answer : A

Question. Which of the following adversely affects human health?
(a) Change in lifestyle
(b) Genetic disorders
(c) Rest and exercise
(d) Both (a) and (b) 
Answer : D

Question. Identify the correct pair representing the causative agent of typhoid fever and the confirmatory test for typhoid. 
(a) Streptococcus pneumoniae/Widal test
(b) Salmonella typhi/Anthrone test
(c) Salmonella typhi/Widal test
(d) Plasmodium vivax/UTI test 
Answer : C

Question. Malaria is caused by
(a) Plasmodium vivax
(b) Plasmodium malariae
(c) Plasmodium falciparum
(d) All of the above
Answer : D

Question. Which one of the following pairs is not correctly matched?
(a) Filariasis — Wuchereria
(b) Syphilis — Trichuris trichiura
(c) Plague — Yersinia pestis
(d) Dengue fever — Flavi-ribo virus 
Answer : B

Question. Which of the following sets of diseases are caused by bacteria? 
(a) Cholera and tetanus
(b) Typhoid and smallpox
(c) Tetanus and mumps
(d) Herpes and influenza 
Answer : A

Question. Which one of the following disease is non-infectious as well as the major cause of death in humans?
(a) Cancer
(b) AIDS
(c) Asthma
(d) Typhoid 
Answer : A

Question. Salmonella typhi generally enters the small intestine through .......A......... and migrates to other body parts through ........B........ .
The most appropriate combination to fill the blanks is
(a) A–contaminated food and water; B–blood
(b) A–contaminated food; B–blood
(c) A–skin; B–blood
(d) A–air; B–blood 
Answer : A

Question. Health is a combination of
I. physical fitness
II. presence of disease
III. mental and social well-being
Which of the options given above are correct?
(a) I and II
(b) I and III
(c) II and III
(d) I, II and III 
Answer : B

Question. Amoebiasis (amoebic dysentery) is caused by organism
(a) Plasmodium
(b) Entamoeba histolytica
(c) houseflies
(d) contaminated food and water 
Answer : B

Question. Entamoeba histolytica is a parasite of
(a) large intestine
(b) liver
(c) lungs
(d) kidney 
Answer : A

Question. The name of Mary Mallon is related with the disease
(a) typhoid
(b) pneumonia
(c) dengue
(d) AIDS 
Answer : A

Question. Human health cannot be maintained by
(a) maintaining personal hygiene
(b) consuming a diet rich in carbohydrate only
(c) regular physical exercise
(d) None of the above 
Answer : B

Question. Infection of pneumonia occurs due to
(a) droplets released from an infected person
(b) released droplets/aerosols inhaled by healthy person
(c) sharing contaminated objects such as glasses and utensils with an infected person
(d) All of the above 
Answer : D

Question. Plasmodium completes its life cycle in two hosts.
Asexual phase in …… host and sexual phase in …… host.
The correct option with words to fill the blanks is
(a) human; Culex mosquito
(b) human; female Anopheles mosquito
(c) human; Aedes mosquito
(d) human; male Anopheles mosquito 
Answer : B

Question. Which of the following is a protozoan disease?
(a) Malaria
(b) Amoebiasis
(c) Sleeping sickness
(d) All of these 
Answer : D

Question. Study the given diagram and name the labelled A, B, C and D.
(a) A–Sporozoites in spleen, B–Sexual reproduction of Plasmodium in RBC, C–Gametocytes in RBC, D–Fertilisation of gametocytes in mosquito’s intestine 
(b) A–Sporozoites in liver, B–Asexual reproduction of Plasmodium in RBC, C–Gametocytes in RBC, D–Fertilisation of gametocytes in mosquito’s intestine (gut)
(c) A–Sporozoites in liver, B–Asexual reproduction of Plasmodium in RBC, C–Gametocytes in RBC, D–Fertilisation of gametocytes in mosquito’s salivary glands
(d) A–Sporozoites in kidney, B–Sexual reproduction of Plasmodium in RBC, C–Gametocytes in RBC, D–Fertilisation of gametocytes in mosquito’s intestine 
Answer : B

Question. Necessary steps for achieving good health are
I. awareness about diseases.
II. vaccination.
III. proper disposal of wastes.
The correct combination having necessary steps are
(a) I, II and III
(b) II, III and IV
(c) I, III and IV
(d) II and IV 
Answer : A

Question. Where will you look for the sporozoites of the malarial parasite?
(a) RBCs of humans suffering from malaria
(b) Spleen of infected person
(c) Salivary glands of freshly moulted female Anopheles mosquito
(d) Saliva of infected female Anopheles mosquito 
Answer : D

Question. The primary host of Plasmodium is
(a) man
(b) male Culex
(c) sheep
(d) female Anopheles 
Answer : D

Question. The following table shows certain diseases, their causative organisms and symptoms.
Q.45 p.207
The correct option regarding A, B, C and D is
(a) A–Wuchereria, B–Salmonella typhi, C–Common cold, D–Internal bleeding, fever, anaemia
(b) A–Salmonella typhi, B–Ascaris, C–Typhoid, D–Stomach pain, headache
(c) A–Ascaris, B–Entamoeba histolytica, C–Pneumonia, D–Constipation, fever
(d) A–Entamoeba histolytica, B–Salmonella typhi, C–Common cold, D–Nasal discharge, high fever 
Answer : A

Question. Ability of the body to fight against the disease causing organisms is called
(a) vulnerability
(b) susceptibility
(c) irritability
(d) immunity 
Answer : D

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