CBSE Class 12 Biology Reproductive Health Assignment Set 03

Question. According to WHO reproductive health means total well being in all aspects of reproduction, i.e.,
(a) Physical
(b) Emotional
(c) Behavioral and social
(d) All of the options

Answer: D

Question. Family planning programmes were initiated in India in the year
(a) 1975
(b) 1990
(c) 1951
(d) 2001

Answer: C

Question. Governmental and non–governmental agencies are creating awareness about reproduction related aspects through
(a) Audio visuals
(b) Print media
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) None of the options

Answer: C

Question. Introduction of sex education in schools should be encouraged as it will provide
(a) Right information to youth
(b) Discourage children from believing in myths
(c) Clear the misconceptions about sex related aspects
(d) All of the options

Answer: D

Question. To bring up socially conscious healthy families of desired size wh following will be helpful?
A. Educating people especially fertile couples and those in marriageable age groups
B. Awareness about available birth control options
C. Care of pregnant mothers
D. Post natal care of mother and only female child
E. Importance of breast feeding
Options :
(a) All of these
(b) A, B, C and D only
(c) A, C, D and E only
(d) A, B, C and E only

Answer: D

Question. Which of the following is not a reproductive related problem?
(a) Pregnancy and delivery
(b) STDs and abortion
(c) Contraception, menstrual problems and infertility
(d) None of the given options is the correct answer to this question

Answer: D

Question. During foetal sex determination chromosomal pattern is seen in
(a) Foetal tissue
(b) Amniotic fluid surrounding foetus
(c) Mother’s placenta
(d) Foetal limbs

Answer: B

Question. Saheli is the name of
(a) Malarial drug
(b) Contraceptive for males
(c) Contraceptive for females
(d) Bronchitis drug

Answer: C

Question. Which of the following is a cause for explosive growth of population?
(a) Introduction of nuclear families
(b) Decline in death rate
(c) Better living conditions
(d) Both (a) and (c)

Answer: C

Question. The world population in 2000 increased by how many folds sine, year 1900
(a) 2 folds
(b) 1.5 folds
(c) 3 folds
(d) 10 folds

Answer: C

Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question. Why is tubectomy considered a contraceptive method? 
Answer: Tubectomy involves cutting a piece of the fallopian tube and tying its ends. This way, the sperms are not able to reach the egg so fertilisation cannot take place. Thus, it acts as a contraceptive method.

Question. A woman’s husband is infertile. So the lady has decided to have baby by taking sperms from sperm bank. Which technique will you suggest for her pregnancy?
Answer: Intra cytoplasmic sperm injection 

Question. A couple is eager to know the sex of their unborn child. What diagnostic technique will you suggest? What social abuse is associated with the application of this technique?
Answer: Amniocentesis is the suggested diagnostic technique which when applied helps in sex determination of the foetus and may lead to social abuse like female foeticides.

Question. Why is ‘Saheli’ considered to be an improved form of oral contraceptive for human female?
Answer: “Saheli” contains a non-steroidal preparation and is a once-a-week pill, with high contraceptive value and very less side-effects. Therefore, it is considered an improved form of contraceptive pills.

Question. Comment on the RCH programme of the government to improve the reproductive health of the people.
Answer: The basic aims of the RCH programmes are creating public awareness regarding reproductionrelated aspects population growth and providing facilities to build up a healthy society with added emphasis on the health of mother and child.

Short Answer Type Questions

Question. Government of India has raised the marriageable age of female to 18 years and of males to 21 years. Suggest any two more measures adopted by Government for the purpose.
Answer: (i) Incentives given to couples with small families.
(ii) Media publicity through posters of happy couples with two children (Hum Do Humare Do).
(iii) Motivation to promote smaller families by using contraceptive methods.
(iv) Raising marriageable age of females to 18 years & males to 21 years. (Any two)

Question. At the time of Independence, the population of India was 350 million, which exploded to over 1 billion by May 2000. List any two reasons for this rise in population and any two steps taken by the government to check this population explosion.
Answer: Two reasons for increase in population are:
(i) A rapid decline in death rate, maternal mortality rate and infant mortality rate.
(ii) Increase in number of people in reproducible age.
Two steps for checking population explosion:
(i) Statutory raising of marriageable age of the females to 18 years and males to 21 years.
(ii) Incentives given to couples with small families.

Question. The alarming population growth is leading to scarcity of basic requirements. Suggest with reasons, any two population control measures other than contraception to address the situation. 
Answer: Following are the population control measures other than contraception:
(a) Advertisements in the media to generate awareness about advantages of small families.
(b) Statutory raising of marriageable age of the female to 18 years and that of males to 21 years,to delay the number of births.
(c) Incentives given to couples with small families, to motivate others to comply. (Any two)

Question. State True/False with explanation.
(a) Abortions could happen spontaneously too. (True/False)
(b) Infertility is defined as the inability to produce a viable offspring and is always due to abnormalities/defects in the female partner. (True/False)
(c) Complete lactation could help as a natural method of contraception. (True/False)
(d) Creating awareness about sex related aspects is an effective method to improve reproductive health of the people. (True/False)
Answer: (a) True: Due to internal factors like incompatibility, abortion could happen spontaneously.
(b) False: Infertility may also be caused due to male partner when sperm count is low or their mobility is less.
(c) True: Lactational amenorrhea is a method of contraception as ovulation does not occur during the period of intense lactation following parturition.
(d) True: Creating awareness about sex-related aspects removes the myths and misconceptions about these problems.

Question. Name an oral pill used as a contraceptive by human females. Explain how does it prevent pregnancy.
Answer: Saheli’ is an oral pill used as a contraceptive by females. Oral pills inhibit ovulation and implantation, as well as, alter the quality of cervical mucus to prevent or retard entry of sperms.
Thus, fertilisation and further pregnancy is prevented.

Question. Within what age group sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) are reported to be very high. Mention three practices to avoid them.
Answer: In the age group of 15–24 years, STDs are reported to be very high. Following are the three practices to avoid them:
(i) Abstain sexual contact with unknown partners or multiple partners.
(ii) Always use condoms during coitus.
(iii) In case of any doubt, medical help should be taken for early detection.

Question. What are the consequences of population explosion?
Answer: Following are the consequences of population explosion:
(i) It is causing an absolute scarcity of the basic requirements, i.e., food, clothing, fuel and shelter.
(ii) There is greater demand for fossil fuels (oil, gas and coal).
(iii) Eco-degradation.

Question. If implementation of better techniques and new strategies are required to provide more efficient care and assistance to people, then why is there a statutory ban on amniocentesis? Write the use of this technique and give reason to justify the ban.
Answer: There is a statutory ban on amniocentesis to legally check female foeticide.
This sex determination technique has been misused to eliminate girl child before birth.
This technique is also used to detect the abnormal chromosomes or any genetic disorder.
The ban is justified to prevent female foeticide which could lead to change in sex ratio of the population.

Question. Expand the following and explain any one of them.
(a) IVF
(b) ZIFT
(c) IUI
(d) MTP
Answer: IVF — In-vitro Fertilisation
ZIFT — Zygote Intra Fallopian Transfer
IUI — Intra-Uterine Insemination
MTP — Medical Termination of Pregnancy