NCERT Class 12 Heritage Craft Mahatma Gandhi and Self Sufficiency

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NCERT Book for Class 12 Other Subjects Craft Mahatma Gandhi And Self Sufficiency

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Craft Mahatma Gandhi And Self Sufficiency NCERT Book Class 12

 

MAHATMA GANDHI AND SELF-SUFFICIENCY

THE MEANING OF SWARAJ

Gandhiji described this vision in many of his writings, most notably in Hind Swaraj, a treatise written in 1909 while he was aboard a ship, coming back from Britain. He wrote about the idea of a self-contained village republic inhabited by individuals whose lives were selfregulated. In Gandhiji’s philosophy, swaraj for the nation did not mean merely political independence from British rule. Swaraj, for him, was something more substantive, involving the freedom of individuals to regulate their o w n l i v e s w i t h o u t h a rm i n g o n e another. His swaraj was one where every individual was his or her ownruler, with the capacity to control and regulate his or her own life. This would remove inequalities of power and status in society and enable proper reciprocity. Gandhiji certainly did not want British rule to be replaced by another f o rm o f r u l e w h e r e W e s t e r n institutions of governance and civil society w o uld be ru n by In dian s instead of white men. That would b e “ E n g l i s h r u l e w i t h o u t t h e Englishman’’. He wrote that such a process “would make India English. And w hen it b ecomes Eng lish, it will be called not Hindustan, but Englistan. This is not the swaraj I want”. Swaraj, from Gandhiji’s perspective, would have to be located not only outside the domain of British political control, but also beyond the influence of Western civilisation.

SPINNING THE IDEA OF SELF-SUFFICIENCY

However, for all this to happen, Indians would have to take care to revive and preserve all the village arts and crafts. Among the crafts, the one on which Gandhiji put the greatest emphasis was spinning and weaving. He wrote, “What is the kind of service that the teeming millions of India most need at the present time, that can be easily understood and appreciated by all, that is easy to perform and will, at the same time enable the crores of our semi-starved countrymen to live? And the reply came—that it is the universalisation of khadi or the spinning-wheel that can fulfil these conditions.’’ Spinning, an integral aspect of Indian handicrafts, had to be made an essential part of the lives of the common people. This w ould make the common people selfsufficient and thus enable them to survive. The poor of  India, if they were to prosper, needed a subsidiary sourceof occupation and livelihood. They could not remain solely dependent on agriculture. Gandhiji suggested thathand-spinning and, to a lesser extent, hand-weaving could become the subsidiary source. He commented,

“This industry flourished in India a hundred and fifty years ago and at that time we were not as miserably poor as we are today.’’ In this way, the villages in which they lived would be less dependent on mills and machinery. For Gandhiji th is w as ve ry im p o rta n t s in c e ma ch i n e s w ere an instrument of industrial societies. They produced in massive quantities. Thus the spread of khadi would challenge the influence of mills and machines and the import of cotton to India from England, and would enable the people of India to free themselves non-violently from the negative influences of industries and the violence they inevitably produced. Gandhiji was doing a number of things at the same time. He was reviving a handicraft which had been a  vital component of village life. Through the revival ofspinning and weaving, people would be able to live better since they would have another source of livelihood. Ind ivid u als an d villages w o u ld become mo re selfsufficient. At the same time, the even bigger purpose of fighting the bad effects of industrialism would also be met.

EXERCISE

1. “The whole fabric of swaraj hangs on a thread of the handspun yarn and (that is why) I have called the charkha our mightiest weapon.” Explain Gandhiji’s concept of swaraj.

2. Explain the idea of Gandhiji’s self-sufficient village. Do you think it is possible to realise this idea in India today? Support your arguments with examples.

3. Describe the meaning of khadi as an essential part of Gandhiji’s philosophy, and its symbolism and meaning today.

4. Write an essay on ‘The Indian Village of my Dreams’.

5. Develop your own strategy for the survival of a craft of your locality in an age of globalisation.


Please refer to attached file for NCERT Class 12 Heritage Craft Mahatma Gandhi and Self Sufficiency

CBSE Class 12 Accounting for Business Cost Sheet
CBSE Class 12 An Introduction to Creativity
CBSE Class 12 Application of Computer in Library
CBSE Class 12 Banking Operations
CBSE Class 12 Business Process Outsourcing Part 1
CBSE Class 12 Business Process Outsourcing Part 2
CBSE Class 12 Clearing Reports Downloads
CBSE Class 12 Contents of Balance Sheet
CBSE Class 12 Economics Capital receipts
CBSE Class 12 Economics Consumers Equilibrium
CBSE Class 12 Economics Determination of Income
CBSE Class 12 Economics Evolution of Money
CBSE Class 12 Economics Features of Perfect Competition
CBSE Class 12 Economics Foriegn Exchange Rates
CBSE Class 12 Economics National Income
CBSE Class 12 Economics Producers Behaviour and Supply
CBSE Class 12 Economics Production Possibilities Curve
CBSE Class 12 Elements of Drama
CBSE Class 12 Elements of Fiction
CBSE Class 12 Engineering Bearings
CBSE Class 12 Engineering Isometric Projection
CBSE Class 12 Engineering Machine Drawing
CBSE Class 12 Engineering Pulleys
CBSE Class 12 Engineering Rod Joints
CBSE Class 12 Engineering Shaft Couplings
CBSE Class 12 Engineering Tie Rod and Pipe Joints
CBSE Class 12 Entering the Transactions in Tally
CBSE Class 12 Fashion Studies Basics of Garment Making
CBSE Class 12 Fashion Studies Pattern Making
CBSE Class 12 Feature Writing
CBSE Class 12 Features of Technical Registers
CBSE Class 12 FMM Banking Operations
CBSE Class 12 FMM Financial Statements
CBSE Class 12 Forms of Business Translation
CBSE Class 12 Forms of Drama
CBSE Class 12 Forms of Prose
CBSE Class 12 Forms of Technical Translations
CBSE Class 12 Functions of Different Sections of Library
CBSE Class 12 Getting Familiar to NEET Screen
CBSE Class 12 Introducing and Understanding Transaction Cycle
CBSE Class 12 Introduction to Article Writing
CBSE Class 12 Introduction to the Writing of Drama
CBSE Class 12 Learning How to Write the Short Story
CBSE Class 12 Library Cataloguing
CBSE Class 12 Library Classification
CBSE Class 12 Macroeconomics in Hindi Part 1
CBSE Class 12 Macroeconomics in Hindi Part 2
CBSE Class 12 Macroeconomics in Hindi Part 3
CBSE Class 12 Macroeconomics in Hindi Part 4
CBSE Class 12 Modern Library and Information Services
CBSE Class 12 Modes of Theatrical Presentation
CBSE Class 12 Operations of Depository
CBSE Class 12 Order and Trade Management
CBSE Class 12 Philosophy Of Education
CBSE Class 12 Philosophy Education For Character Development
CBSE Class 12 Physics Lens and Mirror
CBSE Class 12 Practical Handbook BPO Manual
CBSE Class 12 Problems of Translation
CBSE Class 12 Procedure for doing enteries in payroll software
CBSE Class 12 Process of Translation
CBSE Class 12 Punjabi Kaav Jatra
CBSE Class 12 Punjabi Katha Jagat
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CBSE Class 12 Risk Containment Measures
CBSE Class 12 Talks and Speeches
CBSE Class 12 Technical Processing of Documents
CBSE Class 12 Trading Reports Download
CBSE Class 12 Traditional Library and Information Services
CBSE Class 12 Translating Technical and Business Registers
CBSE Class 12 Translation and the Translator
CBSE Class 12 Translations of Business Registers
CBSE Class 12 Understanding NEAT System
CBSE Class 12 Understanding Short Stories
CBSE Class 12 Understanding the Rolling Settlement
CBSE Class 12 Web Based Search
CBSE Class 12 Writing Essays
CBSE Class 12 Writing Reviews
CBSE Class 12 Writing Short Stories
CBSE Classs 12 Fashion Studies Book
NCERT Class 12 Heritage Craft Colonial Rule and Crafts
NCERT Class 12 Heritage Craft Craft In the Age of Tourism
NCERT Class 12 Heritage Craft Craft In The Past
NCERT Class 12 Heritage Craft Design and Development
NCERT Class 12 Heritage Craft Mahatma Gandhi and Self Sufficiency
NCERT Class 12 Heritage Craft Production and Marketing
NCERT Class 12 Heritage Craft The Crafts Community Today
NCERT Class 12 Heritage Crafts Craft Tradition Of India Carfts In The Age Of Tourism
NCERT Class 12 Heritage Crafts Craft Tradition Of India Design and Development
NCERT Class 12 Heritage Crafts Craft Tradition Of India The Crafts Community Today
NCERT Class 12 Heritage Crafts Tradition Of India Colonial Rule and Crafts
NCERT Class 12 Heritage Crafts Tradition Of India Crafts Bazaars
NCERT Class 12 Heritage Crafts Tradition Of India Crafts In Past
NCERT Class 12 Heritage Crafts Tradition Of India Handloom and Handicrafts Revival
NCERT Class 12 Heritage Crafts Tradition Of India Mahatma Gandhi and Self Sufficiency
NCERT Class 12 Heritage Crafts Tradition Of India Production and Marketing

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