Class 7 Transportation in Animals and Plants Notes for exams

Read and download the Class 7 Transportation in Animals and Plants Notes for exams. Designed for 2026-27, this advanced study material provides Class 7 Science students with detailed revision notes, sure-shot questions, and detailed answers. Prepared by expert teachers and they follow the latest CBSE, NCERT, and KVS guidelines to ensure you get best scores.

Download Class 7 Science Chapter 11 Transportation in Animals and Plants Advanced Notes

Every Class 7 student studying Science can use this Chapter 11 Transportation in Animals and Plants study material to look past basic textbook lessons. It features helpful chapter summaries and solved questions to make learning much easier.

Chapter 11 Transportation in Animals and Plants Summary & Questions for Class 7 Science

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HUMAN CIRCULATORY SYSTEM

What is the job of the Circulatory System?

The Circulatory System is responsible for transporting materials throughout the entire body. It transports nutrients, water, and oxygen to your billions of body cells and carries away wastes such as carbon dioxide that body cells produce.It is an amazing highway that travels through your entire body connecting all your body cells.

Parts of the Circulatory System

The circulatory System is divided into three major parts:

1. The Heart

2. The Blood

3. The Blood Vessels

The Heart

The Heart is an amazing organ. The heart beats about 3 BILLION times during an average lifetime. It is a muscle about the size of your fist. The heart is located in the centre of your chest slightly to the left. Its job is to pump your blood and keep the blood moving throughout your body.

The Blood

It consists of fluid part the plasma and solid part consists of three types of cells.

Plasma

· Fluid part of blood which is straw colored

· 90-92%of plasma is water

· Carries carbon dioxide, hormones, waste, digested food, antibodies, some mineral ions, and

enzymes.

Blood Cells

Red Blood Cells are responsible for carrying oxygen. Red Blood Cells pick up oxygen in the lungs and transport it to all the body cells. There are about 4.5-5million red blood cells in one  cubic millimeter of blood. The RBC’s contain an iron containing pigment called hemoglobin.

Hemoglobin carries oxygen. They are biconcave disc shaped and live for 120 days.
 
White Blood Cells help the body fight off germs. White Blood Cells attack and destroy germs when they enter the body. When you have an infection your body will produce more White Blood Cells to help fight an infection. They are amoeboid in shape or may be oval in outline.
Their number is 6,000-10,000 per cubic mm of blood. They survive from few hours to few days. They are called soldiers of the body as they fight disease and provide immunity to the
body.
Platelets are blood cells that help stop bleeding. When we cut ourselves we have broken a blood vessel and the blood leaks out. They help in clotting of blood. There are 250,000 platelets per cubic mm of blood. Their life span is about 25-29 days.
 
The Blood Vessels
 
There are three types of blood vessels in human body
 
1. Arteries
 
2. Capillaries
 
3. Veins
 
Arteries
 
• Carry blood away from the heart (always oxygenated other than the pulmonary artery which goes to the lungs)
 
• Have thick muscular walls
 
• Have small passageways for blood (internal lumen)
 
• Contain blood under high pressure
 
• No valves present and are close to skin
 
Veins
 
• Carry blood to the heart (always de-oxygenated other than pulmonary vein which goes from the lungs to the heart)
 
• Have thin walls
 
• Have larger internal lumen
 
• Contain blood under low pressure
 
• Have valves to prevent blood flowing backwards and are close to skin
 
Capillaries
 
• Found in the muscles and lungs
 
• Microscopic – one cell thick
 
• Very low blood pressure
 
• Where gas exchange takes place. Oxygen passes through the capillary wall and into the tissues, carbon dioxide passes from the tissues into the blood
 
STRUCTURE and FUNCTION OF HUMAN HEART
 
The heart is a muscular organ about the size of a closed fist that functions as the body’s circulatory pump. It takes in deoxygenated blood through the veins and delivers it to the lungs for oxygenation before pumping it into the various arteries (which provide oxygen and nutrients to body tissues by transporting the blood throughout the body). A double-walled sac called the pericardium encases the heart, which serves to protect the heart and anchor it inside the chest. The muscles that make up the human heart are called cardiac muscles.
 
Chambers of the Heart
 
• The heart contains 4 chambers: the right atrium, left atrium, right ventricle, and left ventricle.
 
• The atria are chambers on top, are smaller than the ventricles and have thinner, less muscular walls than the ventricles.
 
• The atria act as receiving chambers for blood, so they are connected to the veins that carry blood to the heart.
 
• The ventricles are the larger, stronger pumping chambers that send blood out of the heart.
The ventricles are connected to the arteries that carry blood away from the heart.
 
• A wall of muscle called the septum separates the two sides of the heart.
 
• Each atria open into the respective ventricle through an aperture or hole which is guarded by a valve. ( Tricuspid and Bicuspid Valves)
 
• The heart pumps oxygenated blood into the main artery called Aorta that leaves the left ventricle.
 
• Aorta carries oxygen rich blood to all organs of the body.
 
• The main vein called Vena Cava brings CO2 rich blood back to the right atrium.
 
• From right atrium blood goes to right ventricle
 
• The contraction of the right ventricle pushes the blood into the pulmonary artery that carries CO2 rich blood to the lungs for oxygenation.
 
• The oxygenated blood from the lungs is brought back to the left atrium by the pulmonary vein.
 
• The oxygenated blood from the left atrium is sent to the left ventricle and then to all parts of the body through the Aorta.
 
• At the base of Aorta and Pulmonary artery semi lunar valves are present that prevent the backflow of blood.
 
• Thus there is double circulation of blood in humans
 
• Between heart and body organs- systemic circulation
 
• Between heart and lungs- pulmonary circulation
 

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Science Class 7 Exam Resources: Chapter 11 Transportation in Animals and Plants

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What is included in the advanced study material for Class 7 Science Chapter 11 Transportation in Animals and Plants?

Our advanced study package for Chapter 11 Transportation in Animals and Plants includes detailed concepts, diagrams, Mind Maps, and explanation of complex topics to ensure Class 7 students learn as per syllabus for 2026 exams.

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