Class 7 Nutrition in Animals Notes for exams

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Study Material for Class 7 Science Chapter 2 Nutrition in Animals

Class 7 Science students should refer to the following Pdf for Chapter 2 Nutrition in Animals in Class 7. These notes and test paper with questions and answers for Class 7 Science will be very useful for exams and help you to score good marks

Class 7 Science Chapter 2 Nutrition in Animals

Class 7 Nutrition in Animals Notes for exams. There are many more useful educational material which the students can download in pdf format and use them for studies. Study material like concept maps, important and sure shot question banks, quick to learn flash cards, flow charts, mind maps, teacher notes, important formulas, past examinations question bank, important concepts taught by teachers. Students can download these useful educational material free and use them to get better marks in examinations.  Also refer to other worksheets for the same chapter and other subjects too. Use them for better understanding of the subjects.

NUTRITION IN HUMANS

• The alimentary canal and the associated glands together constitute the digestive system.

• Food is taken into the mouth through the mouth. This process of taking food into the body is called ingestion.

What happens to the food in different parts of the digestive tract?

The mouth :

Our mouth has the salivary glands which secrete saliva. The saliva breaks down the starch into sugars.

Oesophagus –

• It is a long, narrow, muscular tube which directly leads to the stomach.

• It is about 25 cm long and passes downwards through the neck, the thorax and the abdominal cavity.

• Oesophagus gently pushes masticated food down to the stomach in a wave - like action, called peristalsis.

The stomach:

• The inner lining of the stomach secretes mucous, hydrochloric acid and

• digestive juices.

• The mucous protects the lining of the stomach by neutralizing acid produced by gastric juice.

• The hydrochloric acid kills many bacteria that enter along with the food and makes the medium in the stomach acidic.
 
• The digestive juices break down the proteins into simpler substances.
 
The small intestine:
 
• The small intestine is highly coiled and is about 7.5 meters long.
 
• Liver (reddish brown) is the largest gland in the body.
 
• It secretes bile juice that is stored in a sac called the gall bladder. It digests fats.
 
• The pancreas is cream colored gland secretes pancreatic juice that acts on carbohydrates and proteins and changes them into simpler forms.
 
• The carbohydrates get broken into simple sugars such as glucose, fats into fatty acids and glycerol, and proteins into amino acids
 
• The digested food can now pass into the blood vessels in the wall of the intestine having
 
• thousands of finger-like villi .
 
• The surface of the villi absorbs the digested food materials. The absorbed substances are transported via the blood vessels to different organs of the body.
 
• Large intestine: The food that remains undigested and unabsorbed then enters into the large intestine.
 
• It is about 1.5 meter in length.
 
• Its function is to absorb water and some salts from the undigested food material.
 
DIGESTION IN RUMINANTS
 
A process in which partially digested food returns to the mouth in small lumps and the Rumination: animal chews it. This type of process is called Rumination and such types of animals are called Ruminants. How does digestion occur in Ruminants grass-eating animals?
 
• Ruminants quickly swallow the grass and store it in a separate part of the stomach called rumen. Here the food gets partially digested and is called cud.

• Later the cud returns to the mouth in small lumps and the animal chews it. This process is called rumination.

•The cellulose present in grass is digested here by the action of certain bacteria which are not present in humans.

DIGESTION IN AMOEBA:

Amoeba is a single-celled organism found in pond water. It has a cell membrane, a dense, rounded nucleus and many bubble-like vacuoles. Amoeba constantly changes its shape and position. It pushes out one or more finger like projections, called pseudopodia or false feet for movement and capturing of food. Amoeba feeds on microscopic organisms. When it senses food, it pushes out pseudopodia around the food particle and engulfs it. The food becomes trapped in a food vacuole and digested by the digestive juices.

Please click the link below to download Class 7 Nutrition in Animals Notes for exams.

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CBSE Class 7 Science Chapter 2 Nutrition in Animals Study Material

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Chapter 2 Nutrition in Animals Study Material Science CBSE Class 7

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Chapter 2 Nutrition in Animals CBSE Class 7 Study Material Science

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CBSE Study Material Science Class 7 Chapter 2 Nutrition in Animals

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