Class 7 Nutrition in Animals Notes for exams

Welcome! Check out the Class 7 Nutrition in Animals Notes for exams right here. Built for 2026-27, this advanced study guide offers Class 7 Science learners comprehensive revision notes, important questions, and clear answers. Created by expert teachers following official CBSE, NCERT, and KVS curriculum rules to help you achieve top marks.

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NUTRITION IN HUMANS

• The alimentary canal and the associated glands together constitute the digestive system.

• Food is taken into the mouth through the mouth. This process of taking food into the body is called ingestion.

What happens to the food in different parts of the digestive tract?

The mouth :

Our mouth has the salivary glands which secrete saliva. The saliva breaks down the starch into sugars.

Oesophagus –

• It is a long, narrow, muscular tube which directly leads to the stomach.

• It is about 25 cm long and passes downwards through the neck, the thorax and the abdominal cavity.

• Oesophagus gently pushes masticated food down to the stomach in a wave - like action, called peristalsis.

The stomach:

• The inner lining of the stomach secretes mucous, hydrochloric acid and

• digestive juices.

• The mucous protects the lining of the stomach by neutralizing acid produced by gastric juice.

• The hydrochloric acid kills many bacteria that enter along with the food and makes the medium in the stomach acidic.
 
• The digestive juices break down the proteins into simpler substances.
 
The small intestine:
 
• The small intestine is highly coiled and is about 7.5 meters long.
 
• Liver (reddish brown) is the largest gland in the body.
 
• It secretes bile juice that is stored in a sac called the gall bladder. It digests fats.
 
• The pancreas is cream colored gland secretes pancreatic juice that acts on carbohydrates and proteins and changes them into simpler forms.
 
• The carbohydrates get broken into simple sugars such as glucose, fats into fatty acids and glycerol, and proteins into amino acids
 
• The digested food can now pass into the blood vessels in the wall of the intestine having
 
• thousands of finger-like villi .
 
• The surface of the villi absorbs the digested food materials. The absorbed substances are transported via the blood vessels to different organs of the body.
 
• Large intestine: The food that remains undigested and unabsorbed then enters into the large intestine.
 
• It is about 1.5 meter in length.
 
• Its function is to absorb water and some salts from the undigested food material.
 
DIGESTION IN RUMINANTS
 
A process in which partially digested food returns to the mouth in small lumps and the Rumination: animal chews it. This type of process is called Rumination and such types of animals are called Ruminants. How does digestion occur in Ruminants grass-eating animals?
 
• Ruminants quickly swallow the grass and store it in a separate part of the stomach called rumen. Here the food gets partially digested and is called cud.

• Later the cud returns to the mouth in small lumps and the animal chews it. This process is called rumination.

•The cellulose present in grass is digested here by the action of certain bacteria which are not present in humans.

DIGESTION IN AMOEBA:

Amoeba is a single-celled organism found in pond water. It has a cell membrane, a dense, rounded nucleus and many bubble-like vacuoles. Amoeba constantly changes its shape and position. It pushes out one or more finger like projections, called pseudopodia or false feet for movement and capturing of food. Amoeba feeds on microscopic organisms. When it senses food, it pushes out pseudopodia around the food particle and engulfs it. The food becomes trapped in a food vacuole and digested by the digestive juices.

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Science Class 7 Exam Resources: Chapter 2 Nutrition in Animals

Essential Notes & Tools for Class 7 Science

Gather all necessary academic resources for Chapter 2 Nutrition in Animals on this dedicated page. Formulated in direct alignment with the active 2026 standards for Class 7 Science, the pack offers thorough notes, handy Mind Maps, and exam-focused Sure Shot Questions for CBSE exams. Instructors advise leveraging these assets daily to optimize study speed.

In-Depth Analysis & NCERT-Aligned Solutions

Crafted with reference to the authoritative NCERT book for Class 7 Science, these teaching tools ensure precise curriculum matching. Real board questions and structured solutions are provided to illustrate standard marking schemes. Pair your study of the chapter notes with hands-on practice problems, checking your results against our dedicated NCERT solutions for Class 7 Science.

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Our advanced study package for Chapter 2 Nutrition in Animals includes detailed concepts, diagrams, Mind Maps, and explanation of complex topics to ensure Class 7 students learn as per syllabus for 2026 exams.

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Yes, our subject matter experts have updated the Chapter 2 Nutrition in Animals material to align with the rationalized NCERT textbooks and have removed deleted topics and added new competency-based questions.