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Chapter 6 Life Processes Science Worksheet for Class 10
Class 10 Science students should refer to the following printable worksheet in Pdf in Class 10. This test paper with questions and solutions for Class 10 Science will be very useful for tests and exams and help you to score better marks
Class 10 Science Chapter 6 Life Processes Worksheet Pdf
Question. In human beings, the respiratory pigment is
ASSERTION AND REASON :
DIRECTION : The following question consist of two statements - Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Answer these questions selecting the appropriate option given below:
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.
(e) Both Assertion and Reason are false.
Question. Assertion : Muscles of stomach wall possess thick layers of muscles.
Reason : These muscles help in mixing the food with the enzymes presents in the alimentary canal.
Answer : A
Question. Assertion : Blood of insects is colourless.
Reason : The blood of insect does not play any role in transport of oxygen.
Answer : B
Question. Assertion : Energy is used during the process of respiration.
Reason : Respiration stores energy in the form of ATP.
Answer : D
Question. Assertion : In plants there is no need of specialised respiratory organs.
Reason : Plants do not have great demands of gaseous exchange.
Answer : A
Question. Assertion : The muscular walls of ventricles are thicker than auricles.
Reason : This helps in preventing the back flow of blood.
Answer : C
Question. Assertion : Raw materials needed for photosynthesis are carbon dioxide, water and minerals.
Reason : Nutrients provide energy to an organism.
Answer : B
Question. Assertion : The release of energy in aerobic process is much more than in anaerobic process.
Reason : Each glucose molecule produces 2 molecules of ATP and 38 molecules of ATP in aerobic and anaerobic respiration, respectively.
Answer : C
Question. Assertion : Excretion is the biological process by which harmful wastes are removed from an organism’s body.
Reason : The mode of excretion is completely same in both unicellular and multicellular organisms.
Answer : C
Question. Assertion : Artificial kidney is a device used to remove nitrogenous waste products from the blood through dialysis.
Reason : Reabsorption does not occur in artificial kidney.
Answer : B
Question. Assertion : Egestion is the removal of nitrogenous waste products from the body.
Reason : Excretion is the discharge of undigested matter from the digestive tract.
Answer : E
Question. Assertion : Valves are present in the arteries.
Reason : Arteries carry oxygenated blood from heart to different body parts except pulmonary artery.
Answer : D
Question. Assertion : Respiration is a biochemical process opposite to photosynthesis.
Reason : Energy is released during respiration.
Answer : A
Question. Assertion : Translocation of sugar occurs through the phloem.
Reason : It is achieved by diffusion of sugars through phloem.
Answer : C
Question. Assertion : In human heart, there is no mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood.
Reason : Valves are present in the heart which allows the movement of blood in one direction only.
Answer : B
Question. Assertion : Photosynthesis is an anabolic process.
Reason : The process of photosynthesis occurs in chlorophyll.
Answer : C
Question. Assertion : Lungs always contain a residual volume of air.
Reason : It provides sufficient time for oxygen to be absorbed and for carbon dioxide to be released.
Answer : A
Question. Assertion : Excretory unit of kidney is nephrons.
Reason : It has no role in secretion of urine.
Answer : C
Question. Assertion : Plants lack excretory organs.
Reason : Plants usually absorb essential nutrients.
Answer : B
Question. Assertion : Walls of the intestine has numerous villi.
Reason : These villi increase the surface area of digestion.
Answer : C
Question. Assertion : Plants excrete various waste products during their life processes.
Reason : They produce urea just like humans.
Answer : C
Question. Assertion : Human body produces highly toxic substances, which if not eliminated may cause the death.
Reason : Excretory substance removes nitrogenous waste from the body.
Answer : B
Question. Assertion : in the daytime, CO2 generated during respiration is used up for photosynthesis.
Reason : There is no CO2 release during day.
Answer : A
Question. Assertion : Humans are not truly aerobic.
Reason : They produce lactic acid nanerobically.
Answer : B
Question. Assertion : Haemodialysis can save the life of patients with kidney failure.
Reason : Waste products like urea can be removed from the blood by haemodialysis.
Answer : A
Question. Assertion : Mitochondria help in photosynthesis.
Reason : Mitochondria have enzymes for dark reaction.
Answer : D
Question. Assertion : In woody plants, gaseous exchange occurs through lenticels.
Reason : Lenticels are specialised cells found along with stomata on the stem of woody plants.
Answer : C
Question. Assertion : The main organ of human excretory system is kidney.
Reason : Kidneys perform the function of removing excess water and nitrogenous wastes from the body.
Answer : A
Question. Assertion : Haemoglobin is the respiratory pigment in human beings.
Reason : It transports oxygen in the human body.
Answer : A
Question. Assertion : In anaerobic respiration, one of the end product is alcohol.
Reason : There is an incomplete breakdown of glucose.
Answer : A
Question. Assertion : Digestion breaks large complex molecules to simple smaller molecules which can be easily absorbed.
Reason : Digestion is necessary for the absorption of all molecules.
Answer : C
Question. Assertion : Plants have low energy needs.
Reason : Plant bodies have large proportion of dead cells.
Answer : A
Question. Assertion : Lipases help in emulsification of fats.
Reason : Lipases hydrolyses fats and oils.
Answer : D
Question. Assertion : In humans, major amount of water is absorbed by the tubular part of nephron.
Reason : Absorption of water depends on the dissolved waste to be excreted from the body.
Answer : B
Question. Assertion : Lymph, also known as tissue fluid is colourless.
Reason : It lackes erythrocytes.
Answer : A
Question. Assertion : Amoeba is an omnivore organism.
Reason : Lion is a carnivore organism.
Answer : B
Question. Assertion : Liver is known as the smallest gland of the body.
Reason : It secretes salivary amylase.
Answer : E
Question. Assertion : Autotrophic nutrition occurs in green plants.
Reason : Green plants self-manufacture their
Answer : A
Question. Assertion : Photorespiration decreases net photosynthesis.
Reason : Rate of respiration in dark and light is almost same in all plants.
Answer : D
Question. Assertion : During physiology of excretion, deamination does not take place in liver.
Reason : Deamination is a process to make use of excess of amino acids which cannot be incorporated into protoplasm.
Answer : D
Question. Assertion : Blood pressure is arterial blood pressure.
Reason : It is measured by sphygmomanometer.
Answer : B
Question. Assertion : Interauricular septum separates left from right atrium.
Reason : Interventricular septum separates left from right ventricle.
Answer : B
Question. Assertion : Bile is essential for digestion of lipids.
Reason : Bile juice contains enzymes.
Answer : C
Question. Assertion : In humans, there is a complex respiratory system.
Reason : Human skin is impermeable to gases.
Answer : B
Question. Assertion : HCl converts pepsinogen into active enzyme pepsin.
Reason : Pepsin converts protein into proteoses and peptones.
Answer : B
Question. Assertion : Carbohydrate digestion mainly takes place in small intestine.
Reason : Pancreatic juice contains the enzyme lactase.
Answer : B
Question. Assertion : All the arteries carry oxygenated blood from the heart to various organs.
Reason : Pulmonary vein carries deoxygenated bloodto the heart.
Answer : E
Question. Assertion : Transpiration is a necessary evil.
Reason : It causes water loss but helps in absorption and upward movement of water and minerals.
Answer : A
Question. Assertion : Alveoli contain an extensive network of blood vessels.
Reason : Alveoli is the site where exchange of gases occurs.
Answer : A
Very Short Answer Questions
Question. What are the necessary conditions for autotrophic nutrition and what are its by-products?
Answer : Conditions necessary for autotrophic nutrition are sunlight, chlorophyll, carbon dioxide and water. Byproducts of autotrophic nutrition are water and oxygen.
Question. What is the role of saliva in the digestion of food?
Answer : The saliva contains an enzyme called salivary amylase enzyme that breaks down starch to sugar. The saliva moistens the food that helps in chewing and breaking down the big pieces of food into smaller ones, so that salivary amylase can digest the starch efficiently.
Question. Name the form in which the energy derived from the food is stored in humans.
Answer : Chemical energy (ATP).
Question. Define photosynthesis.
Answer : The process by which green plants make their own food (like glucose) from carbon dioxide and water by using solar energy in the presence of chlorophyll is called photosynthesis.
Question. (a) Explain with the help of diagram, how amoeba takes its nutrition.
(b) Assume that you are a veterinary surgeon and you had removed a good length of the small intestine of a bear that was suffering from an intestinal tumor. Now, would you suggest a plant based or a meat based diet for the bear after its recovery? Give reason for your answer.
(c) Do you think plant based food should be preferred over non-vegetarian food?
Answer : (a) Amoeba takes in the food particles with the help of its finger like projections called pseudopodia. Inside its cell a food vacuole is formed around the food particle. Inside the food vacuole, complex substances are broken down into simpler ones which are then diffused into the cell cytoplasm. The remaining undigested material is sent to the surface of the cell and thrown out. The process of nutrition in Amoeba is called Endocytosis.
(b) I would suggest a meat based diet for the bear after its recovery because meat based food can be digested easily in a smaller sized small intestine.
(c) We should encourage vegetarian food over non-vegetarian food.
Question. Describe double circulation in human beings. Why is it necessary?
Answer : The blood passes twice through the heart during each cycle to supply blood once to the whole body, so this circulation in human beings is called double circulation of blood. The double circulation of blood includes systemic circulation and pulmonary circulation.
Necessity of double circulation: The right side and the left side of the human heart are useful to keep deoxygenated and oxygenated blood from mixing. The separation of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood ensures highly efficient supply of oxygen to the body. This is necessary because it constantly gives energy to maintain the body temperature.
Question. Name three different glands associated with the digestive system in humans. Also name their secretions.
Answer : Three glands associated with the digestive system are as follows:
(i) Salivary glands in the mouth produce saliva. Saliva contains an enzyme called salivary amylase which digests the starch present in food into sugar.
(ii) Liver is the largest gland which secretes bile and pours its secretion in the duodenum (part of the small intestine). Bile makes the acidic food coming from the stomach alkaline so that pancreatic enzymes can act on it. Bile salts also break the fats present in the food into small globules.
(iii) Pancreas is also a large gland which secretes pancreatic juice into the duodenum. Pancreatic juice contains
• pancreatic amylase which breaks down the starch.
• trypsin digests the protein.
• lipase which breaks down the emulsified fats.
Pancreatic juice acts on alkaline medium.
Question. How are fats digested in our bodies? Where does this process take place?
Answer : Digestion of fat: The fats are present in the form of large globules in the small intestine. Bile juice secreted by the liver is poured in the intestine alongwith pancreatic juice. The bile salts present in the bile juice emulsify the large globules of fats. The walls of the small intestine contain glands which secrete intestinal juice. The enzymes present in it, finally convert the proteins into amino acids, complex carbohydrates into glucose and emulsified fats into fatty acids and glycerol.
The digestion of fat takes place in the small intestine.
Question. Why do herbivores have longer, small intestine than carnivores?
Answer : The length of the small intestine differs in various animals depending on the type of food they eat. Cellulose is a carbohydrate food which is digested with difficulty. So the herbivorous animals like cows which eat grass need a longer small intestine to allow the cellulose present in grass to be digested completely.
Question. (a) What is translocation? Why is it essential for plants?
(b) Where are the substances translocated by the phloem delivered?
Answer : (a) The movement of food from leaves to other parts of the plant in phloem is called translocation. The translocation is necessary because every part of the plant needs food for obtaining energy, for building its parts and maintaining its life.
(b) The movement of food in phloem is transported upwards or downwards depending on the needs of the plant, for example, in spring, even the sugar stored in the root or stem tissue of a plant would be transported through phloem to the buds which need energy to grow.
Question. How are the alveoli designed to maximise the exchange of gases?
Answer : Alveoli have a balloon-like structure that provides maximum surface area for the exchange of gases. Also alveoli is thin-walled and contains an extensive network of blood capillaries to facilitate exchange of gases between blood and the air filled in it.
Long Answer Questions
Question. Draw the human respiratory system and label the following parts:
(a) Trachea (b) Alveoli (c) Respiratory bronchioles (d) Larynx
Describe in brief the role of lungs in the exchange of gases.
Answer : Human respiratory system: Role of lungs:
(i) When we breathe in air, the diaphragm contracts which results in the increase of chest cavity. Due to this expansion of chest cavity, the air pressure in the lungs decreases. Thus, air from outside rushes into the lungs through nostrils, trachea and bronchi. Thus sacs of lungs get filled with air when we breathe in. The exchange of gases between alveoli and blood takes place by the process of diffusion.
(ii) Now the air present in air sacs of the lungs is rich in CO2. When we breathe out air, the diaphragm relaxes which results in the decrease of chest cavity. This contraction pushes the air from the lungs into the trachea, nostrils and then out of the body into air. Breathing in of air is called inhalation and breathing out of air is called exhalation.
Question. (a) Compare the length of small intestine in herbivore and carnivore animal.
(b) Mention any two structural modifications in small intestine which helps in absorption.
Answer : (a) The length of the small intestine differs in various animals depending on the type of food they eat. For example, cellulose is a carbohydrate food which is digested with difficulty. So, the herbivorous animals like cow which eat grass need a longer ‘small intestine’ to allow the cellulose present in grass to be digested completely. On the other hand, meat is a food which is easier to digest. So, the carnivorous animals like tigers which eat meat, have a shorter ‘small intestine’.
(b) The inner surface of small intestine has millions of tiny, finger-like projections called villi. The presence of villi gives the inner walls of the small intestine a very large surface area and the large surface area of small intestine helps in the rapid absorption of digested food.
Question. Describe double circulation in human beings.
(a) Why is it necessary?
Answer : (a) Double circulation of blood means, that the blood enters twice in the heart during its one circulation in other parts of the body. First time oxygenated blood from lungs enters the left atrium and second time de-oxygenated blood enters the right atrium through two main vena cava. Double circulation of blood is necessary to separate the oxygenated blood from the de-oxygenated blood to provide more energy for efficient working of body organs.
Question. Draw the diagram of sectional view of human heart and on it name and label the following parts:
(a) The chamber of the heart that pumps out deoxygenated blood.
(b) The blood vessel that carries away oxygenated blood from the heart.
(c) The blood vessel that receives deoxygenated blood from the lower part of our body.
Answer :
(a) The chamber of the heart that pumps out deoxygenated blood—Right ventricle
(b) The blood vessel that carries away oxygenated blood from the heart—Aorta
(c) The blood vessel that receives deoxygenated blood from the lower part of our body—Inferior Vena Cava
Question. (a) Explain how the separation of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood is useful in humans?
(b) Why is double circulation of blood necessary in humans?
Answer : (a) Humans have a four chambered heart which consists of two atria and two ventricles. In a four chambered heart, the left side and right side of the heart are completely separated to prevent the oxygenated blood from mixing with deoxygenated blood. Such a separation allows a highly efficient supply of oxygen to the body cells which is necessary for producing a lot of energy. This energy is useful for a warm blooded animal (like humans) which has high energy needs to maintain body temperature.
(b) All the animals having four chambered hearts have double circulation in which the blood passes through the heart ‘twice’ in one complete cycle of the body. This ensures the separation of oxygenated blood from deoxygenated blood.
Explanation:
Double circulation. The blood travels twice through the heart in one complete cycle of the body and is called double circulation. It involves two circulations:
(i) Pulmonary circulation. The pathway of the blood from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart is called pulmonary circulation. It is a small circulation. Deoxygenated blood in the right ventricle flows into the vascular system of the lungs, becomes oxygenated and returns to the hearts left atrium through pulmonary veins.
(ii) Systemic circulation. The pathway of the blood from the heart to the rest of the body and back to the heart is called systemic circulation. It is a large circulation. Left ventricle sends the blood into the aorta. Aorta divides into arteries, arterioles and capillaries and supplies oxygenated blood to various parts of the body. From there the deoxygenated blood is collected by venules, which join to form veins and finally vena cava and pours blood back into the right atrium.
Question. (a) Draw a diagram of human alimentary canal and label the following parts:
(i) largest gland.
(ii) gland that secretes digestive enzymes and hormone.
(iii) part where HCl is produced.
(iv) part where digested food is absorbed.
(b) What are villi? Explain their function in the digestive system.
Answer : (a) (i) Largest gland—Liver
(ii) Gland that secretes digestive enzymes and hormone—Pancreas
(iii) Part where HCl is produced —Stomach
(iv) Part where digested food is absorbed—Small intestine
(b) The small intestine is especially adapted for absorption of digested food. The inner surface of small intestine has millions of tiny, finger like projections called villi which provide the inner walls of small intestine a very large surface area. The large surface area helps in the rapid absorption of digested food. The villi are richly supplied with blood vessels which take the absorbed food to each and every cell of the body.
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