CBSE Class 12 Biology Reproductive Health Worksheet Set 01

Class 12 Biology Practice Set: Chapter 3 Reproductive Health

Access printable practice worksheets for Chapter 3 Reproductive Health designed to align with the 2026-27 academic syllabus for Class 12 Biology. These structured exercises help students evaluate their conceptual understanding and improve exam readiness.

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REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH
 
REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH – PROBLEM AND STRATERIES:
 
• The programme “family planning” initiated in 1951.
• Reproductive and child health care (ACH)
• Sexually transmitted diseases (STD).
• Amniocentesis: A fetal sex determination test based on the chromosomal pattern in the amniotic fluid surrounding the developing embryo.
• „Saheli‟ an oral contraceptive for female, developed by CDRI.
 
POPULATION EXPLOSION AND BIRTH CONTROL:
 
• Increased health facilities, better living conditions are the cause of population explosion.
• Out of 6 billion world population 1 billion are Indians.
• Rapid decline in death rate, maternal mortalility rate (MMR) and infant mortality rate (IMR) are major cause of population growth.
• Indian population growth rate is around 1.7 percent.
 
Characteristics of ideal contraceptive.
 
• User friendly.
• Easily available.
• Effective
• Nor or least side – effects.
• No way interferes with sexual drive.
 
BIRTH CONTROL METHODS:
 
Natural methods:
 
work on the principle of avoiding chances of ovum and sperms meeting.
 
Periodic abstinence:
 
• Avoid or abstain from coitus form day 10 to 17 of the menstrual cycle when ovulation could be expected.
• Chance of fertilization is very high in this period.
• It is called fertile period.
 
Withdrawal or coitus interruption:
 
• The male partner withdraws his penis from the vagina just before ejaculation, so as to avoid insemination into the vagina.
 
Lactational amenorrhea:
 
• No menstruation during lactation period.
• Chance of fertilization is nil.
• It is effective upto six month.
 
Barrier methods:
 
• Principle of working: prevents physical meeting of sperm and ovum.
• Such methods available both for male and female.
 
Condoms:
 
• Barriers made of thin rubber/latex sheath.
• Used to cover the penis in male or vagina and cervix in the female.
• Used just before coitus so that semen not entered into the female reproductive tract.
• Male and female condoms are disposable.
• Prevents AIDS and STDs.
 
Diaphragm, cervical caps and vaults:
 
• Barriers made of rubber.
• Inserted into the female reproductive tract to cover the cervix.
• Prevents conception by blocking the entry of sperm through cervix.
• They are reusable.
 
Intra Uterine Devices:
 
• These devices are only used by female.
• Inserted by doctor or by expert nurses in the uterus through vagina.
• Non-medicated IUDs e.g. Lippes loop.
• Copper releasing IUDs (CuT, Cu7, Multiload 375)
• Hormone releasing IUDs (Progestasert, LNG-20)
 
Principle of working:
 
• Increase phagocytosis of sperm within the uterus.
• Cu ion released suppresses sperm motility and fertilizing capacity of sperm.
• Hormone releasing IUDs make the uterus unsuitable for implantation and the cervix hostile to the sperm.
 
Oral contraceptives:
 
• This methods used by female only.
• Used in the form of tablets hence popularly called pills.
• Pills contain progestogens or progestogen-estrogen combination.
• Pills have to be taken daily for a period of 21 days.
• Started within first five days of menstruation.
• Pills are very effective with lesser side effect.
• Saheli- a non steroidal preparation used as oral contraceptive pills.
 
Principle of working:
 
• Inhibit ovulation.
• Inhibit implantation.
• Alter the quality of cervical mucus to prevent/retard entry of sperms.
 
Injections or implants:
 
• Progestogens alone or in combination with estrogen used as injections or implants under the skin by female.
• Mode of action is similar as in pills
• It is very effective for long periods.
 
Emergency contraceptives:
 
• These methods are used within 72 hours of coitus, rape or casual unprotected intercourse.
• Administration of progestogens or progestogen-estrogen combination.
• Use of IUDs.
 
Surgical methods:
 
• It is also called as sterilization method.
• Advised to both male and female partner.
• Permanent or terminal method to prevent pregnancy.
• Sterilization process in male is called „vasectomy,
• Sterilization process in female is called „Tubectomy’
• In vasectomy, a small part of the vas deferens is removed or tied up.
• In Tubectomy a small part of the fallopian tube is removed.
• Reversibility is very poor.
 
MEDICAL TERMINATION OF PREGNANCY:
 
• Intentional or voluntary termination of pregnancy before full term is called medical termination of pregnancy (MTP) orinduced abortion.
• MTP has significant role in decreasing population.
• It accounts for 1/5th of the total number of conceived pregnancies.
• Legal restriction only to reduce female foeticide.
• This method is safe within 1st trimester.


MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

Question. GIFT is 
(a) transfer of a sperm in fallopian tube of a female with the help of injections.
(b) transfer of a zygote fertilized in vitro in the fallopian tube of female incapable to conceive.
(c) transfer of an ovum collected from a donor into another females fallopian tube who can’t produce an ovum but can provide a good environment for further development.
(d) embryo is developed in vitro and then transferred into female’s tract.
Answer. C

Question. What is the function of copper-T ?
(a) Checks mutation 
(b) Stops fertilization
(c) Stops zygote formation
(d) Stops oblituation of blastocoel
Answer. B

Question. Progestasert and LNG-20 are 
(a) Implants
(b) Copper releasing IUDs
(c) Non-medicated IUDs
(d) Hormone releasing IUDs
Answer. D

Question. What is the figure given below showing in particular ?

(a) Ovarian cancer
(b) Uterine cancer
(c) Tubectomy
(d) Vasectomy
Answer. C

Question. Match Column -I with Column - II. 
Column I               Column II
Method                  Mode of Action
A. The pill              I. Prevents sperms reaching cervix
B. Condom            II. Prevents implantation
C. Vasectomy        III. Prevents ovulation
D. Copper T           IV. Semen contains no sperms
(a) A – III; B – I; C – IV; D – II
(b) A – IV; B – I; C – II; D – III
(c) A – III; B – IV; C – I; D – II
(d) A – II; B – III; C – I; D – IV
Answer. A

Question. Select the correct match of the techniques given in column I with its feature given in column II.
Column I          Column II
A. ICSI          I Artificially introduction of semen into the vagina or uterus.
B. IUI           II Transfer of ovum collected from a donor into the fallopian tube where fertilization occur
C. IUT          III Formation of embryo by directly injecting sperm into the
D. GIFT        IV Tovraunmsfer of the zygote or early embryo (with upto 8 blastomeres) into a fallopian tube.
E. ZIFT         V Transfer of embryo with more than 8 blastomeres into the uterus
(a) A – V; B – IV; C – I; D – III; E – IV
(b) A – I; B – II; C – III; D – IV; E – V
(c) A – III; B – V; C – II; D – IV; E – I
(d) A – III; B – I; C – V; D – II; E – IV
Answer. D

 

ASSERTION REASON QUESTIONS

Directions : Each of these questions contains an Assertion followed by Reason. Read them carefully and answer the question on the basis of following options. You have to select the one that best describes the two statements.
(a) If both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.
(b) If both Assertion and Reason are correct, but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion.
(c) If Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.
(d) If both the Assertion and Reason are incorrect.

Question. Assertion : Cu-T and Cu-7 do not suppresses sperm-motility.
Reason : Hormones released by them affect sperm motility. 
Answer. C

Question. Assertion : HIV infection can be avoided by use of condoms.
Reason : Condoms secrete anti-viral interferons.
Answer. C

Question. Assertion : Copper-T is an effective contraceptive device in human females.
Reason : Copper-T prevents passage of sperms from vagina upwards into fallopian tubes.
Answer. C

 
Very Short Questions
 


Question. Government of India has raised the marriageable age of female to 18 years and of males to 21 years. Suggest any two more measures adopted by Government for the purpose.
Answer. (i) Incentives given to couples with small families.
(ii) Media publicity through posters of happy couples with two children (Hum Do Humare Do).
(iii) Motivation to promote smaller families by using contraceptive methods.
(iv) Raising marriageable age of females to 18 years & males to 21 years. (Any two)

Question. Why is tubectomy considered a contraceptive method? 
Answer. Tubectomy involves cutting a piece of the fallopian tube and tying its ends. This way, the sperms are not able to reach the egg so fertilisation cannot take place. Thus, it acts as a contraceptive method.

Question. A woman’s husband is infertile. So the lady has decided to have baby by taking sperms from sperm bank. Which technique will you suggest for her pregnancy?
Answer. Intra cytoplasmic sperm injection 

Short Answer Questions

Question. At the time of Independence, the population of India was 350 million, which exploded to over 1 billion by May 2000. List any two reasons for this rise in population and any two steps taken by the government to check this population explosion.
Answer. Two reasons for increase in population are:
(i) A rapid decline in death rate, maternal mortality rate and infant mortality rate.
(ii) Increase in number of people in reproducible age.
Two steps for checking population explosion:
(i) Statutory raising of marriageable age of the females to 18 years and males to 21 years.
(ii) Incentives given to couples with small families.

Question. The alarming population growth is leading to scarcity of basic requirements. Suggest with reasons, any two population control measures other than contraception to address the situation. 
Answer. Following are the population control measures other than contraception:
(a) Advertisements in the media to generate awareness about advantages of small families.
(b) Statutory raising of marriageable age of the female to 18 years and that of males to 21 years,to delay the number of births.
(c) Incentives given to couples with small families, to motivate others to comply. (Any two)

Question. Comment on the RCH programme of the government to improve the reproductive health of the people.
Answer. The basic aims of the RCH programmes are creating public awareness regarding reproductionrelated aspects population growth and providing facilities to build up a healthy society with added emphasis on the health of mother and child.

Question. State True/False with explanation.
(a) Abortions could happen spontaneously too. (True/False)
(b) Infertility is defined as the inability to produce a viable offspring and is always due to abnormalities/defects in the female partner. (True/False)
(c) Complete lactation could help as a natural method of contraception. (True/False)
(d) Creating awareness about sex related aspects is an effective method to improve reproductive health of the people. (True/False)
Answer. (a) True: Due to internal factors like incompatibility, abortion could happen spontaneously.
(b) False: Infertility may also be caused due to male partner when sperm count is low or their mobility is less.
(c) True: Lactational amenorrhea is a method of contraception as ovulation does not occur during the period of intense lactation following parturition.
(d) True: Creating awareness about sex-related aspects removes the myths and misconceptions about these problems.

Question. A couple is eager to know the sex of their unborn child. What diagnostic technique will you suggest? What social abuse is associated with the application of this technique?
Answer. Amniocentesis is the suggested diagnostic technique which when applied helps in sex determination of the foetus and may lead to social abuse like female foeticides.

Question. Name an oral pill used as a contraceptive by human females. Explain how does it prevent pregnancy.
Answer. ‘Saheli’ is an oral pill used as a contraceptive by females. Oral pills inhibit ovulation and implantation, as well as, alter the quality of cervical mucus to prevent or retard entry of sperms.
Thus, fertilisation and further pregnancy is prevented.

Question. Why is ‘Saheli’ considered to be an improved form of oral contraceptive for human female?
Answer. “Saheli” contains a non-steroidal preparation and is a once-a-week pill, with high contraceptive value and very less side-effects. Therefore, it is considered an improved form of contraceptive pills.

Please click on below link to download CBSE Class 12 Biology Reproductive Health Worksheet Set A

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Chapter 3 Reproductive Health Practice Sheet and Solutions for Class 12 Biology

CBSE Practice Material: Class 12 Biology Chapter 3 Reproductive Health

Review targeted practice exercises for Class 12 Biology Chapter 3 Reproductive Health. Curated to match official CBSE guidelines, these downloadable PDF sheets support daily revision and core concept reinforcement.

NCERT-Aligned Questions and Solutions

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