NEET UG Biology Biodiversity and its Conservation MCQs

IMPORTANT POINTS

Biodiversity refers to the variety of microbes, plants and animals of an area. It is the degree of variety in nature. It is the totality of genes, species and ecosystem. Thus it can be defined as the variety and variability of life. There is lot of variations amongst organisms. There can be genetic variations, species variations as well as ecosystem variation. On the basis of it, there are three levels of biodiversity β - genetic, species and ecosystem biodiversity. Species diversity canbe categorised as α diversity, diversity, and β- diversity. 

Knowledge of biodiversity is important for systematic study of organisms, ecosystem studies and biogeograpy studies etc. It provides food, marketable, items etc. It has social and aesthetic value. Information of biodiversity at world level national level and state level is important. The man causes of biodiversity loss are :

1. Habitat loss and fragmentation

2. over-exploitation

3. Alien species invasions and

4. co-extinctions

conservation of biodiversity means the conservation of gene complexes, species and ecosystem, Biodiversity is essential to global food security and nutrition. The conservation of biodiversity are of two types: 1. In-situ conservation and 2. Ex-situ conservation. In-situ conservation is possible through to declare protected areas, biosphere reserves, national parks and sanctuaries. Ex-situ conservation can be done through botanical gardens, zoos, gene bank, pollen bank, seed bank, tissue culture and cryopreservation.

1. Which is the right option for the tallest and the smallest Gymnosperm plant ?

(a) Eucalyptus and Zamiapygmea

(b) Wolffia globosa and Eucalyptus

(c) Sequoia sempervirens and Zamia pygmea

(d) Sequoia sempervirens and Wolffia globosa

2. Which one is odd for species diversity ?

(a) α diversity

(b) γ diversity

(c) β diversity

(d) λ diversity

3. How many biosphere reserves are present in India ?

(a) 41

(b) 34

(c) 14

(d) 43

4. Which is the correct option the Amazon rain forest ?

I. In this rain forest there might be at least two million insects species waiting to be discovered and named.

II. This forest is known as lungs of the planet.

III. In this forest digging of mine is performed by dynamine.

IV. This forest are destroyed for the cultivation of soyabeans.

V. This forest contains world famous Biodiversity

(a) i, ii, iv, v (b) i, ii, iii, iv (c) ii, iii, iv, v (d) iii, v, iv

5. Which micro organism is responsible for synthesis of antibiotics ?

(a) Bacteria (b) Virus (c) Fungus (d) Algae

6. In which region of South America maximum species of birds can be found ?

(a) Equador (b) Brazil (c) Colombia (d) Peru

7. Which scientist has classified species diversity ?

(a) Thoeprestus (b) Lineus (c) Whittaker (d) Treshaw

8. Which group is meant for Endemic species of birds ?

(a) Nilgiri pipit, Rofous babbler, Lesser-Florican

(b) Lesser-Florican, Nilgiri wood pigeon, Malabar parakeet

(c) Malabar parakeet, Niligiri pipit, Rofousbabbler

(d) all the above

9. How many Indian plant species are used to extract essential oils and scents ?

(a) 50 (b) 500 (c) 50,000 (d) 5000

10. Which is the correct option.

(a) There is chance inNatural selection in evolutionprocess due to alpha biodiversity

(b) There is chance in Natural selection in process of evolution due to genetic diversity

(c) There is chance in Natural selection in process of evolution due to Ecosystem biodiversity

(d) There is chance in Natural selection in process of due to biocommunity diversity

11. Which is the state plant of Gujarat ?

(a) Polyalthia (b) Prosopis (c) Ficus (d) Neem

12. Which can be used for cryopreservation at 196°C temprature ?

(a) liquid N₂ (b) Free N₂ (c) liquid CO₂ (d) Solid N₂

13. How many protected areas are present in India ?

(a) 89 (b) 581 (c) 492 (d) 34

14. What can be done by the number of species in habitat ?

(a) Measurement of species diversity in habitat

(b) Measurement of gene diversity of species in habitat

(c) Measurement of interaction of biocommunities

(d) Measurement of function of Ecosystem

15. Which type of relation is found in between richness of species and variety of phylum ?

(a) Hyperbola (b) Circular hyperbola

(c) Rectangular hyperbola (d) Reciprocal

16. Which is the right option for national animal and bird of India ?

(a) Peacock & Lion (b) Flamingo & Tiger

(c) Peacock & Tiger (d) Flamingo & Lion

17. Which is the right sequence for Ecological diversity ?

(a) Biomes → habitat → Ecosystem→ population

(b) Biomes→ Ecosystem→ habitat → niches

(c) Biomes → Ecosystem → population → niches

(d) Biomes → habitat → niches → Ecosystem

18. Which one is maintained in botanical garden of Waghai in Gujarat ?

(a) Fibrous plants (b) Etable plants (c) Economical plants (d) medicinal plant

19. Where the knowledge of biodiversity is applicable ?

(a) To study, classification of animals and plants.(b) To study, Ecosystem

(c) To study, Biogeological region (d) all the given

20. How many botanical gardens are registered in IABG ?

(a) 1500 (b) 80,000 (c) 800 (d) 900

21. Which information is correct for our country ?

(a) India is one of the twelve mega biodiversity countries of the world.

(b) India comprises 2.4% biodiversity of world.

(c) India contains more than 7 % plant species of world.

(d) India stands at 7th rank in traditional crop varieties.

22. Species diversity is responsible for which phenomena ?

(a) process of Evolution

(b) speciation

(c) For alternative types (allele) of gene.

(d) For stability and normal function of Ecosystem

23. Which is the wild flower of symbol of Gujarat state ?

(a) Calotropis procera (b) Eicchornia cresipis

(c) Indian laburnum (d) Oscimum sanctum

24. Which statement is correct for buffer zone of biosphere reserve ?

(a) It is legally protected

(b) Authority takes cooperation with localpeople.

(c) Environmental Education is facilitated by this zone.

(d) Hunting and felling of trees occur in this zone.

25. Biodiversity of which organism is more in Eastern Ghat in comparison to Western Ghat ?

(a) Reptilia (b) Amphibian (c) Aves (d) Mammals

26. What is Ecosystemdiversity ?

(a) similarity of species diversity in Ecosystem

(b) Variation in species diversity in Ecosystem

(c) Mutation in species diversity in Ecosystem

(d) Homozygosity in species diversity in Ecosystem

27. How can the biodiversity can be conserved ?

(a) By maintenance of different species

(b) By maintenance of genes of different species.

(c) By maintenance of different Ecosystem

(d) all of the given

28. Which regions are included in Biodiversity Hot-spot ?

(a) Sanctuary (b) National park

(c) Only Hotspot (d) all the given

29. How many mangroves species are founds in marine bio diversity of India?

(a) 45 (b) 341 (c) 54 (d) 431

30. Which one is odd for India ?

(a) 7th rank in agriculture species.

(b) origin place of 166 species of crop plants.

(c) Primary centre for domestication of ginger, turmeric, citrus, cardamom.

(d) It contains 12 mega biodiversity region.

31. Which one is the correct pair ?

(a) Bali Tiger – Endangered species (b) Caspian Tiger – Extinct species

(c) Javan Tiger – Rare species (d) all the given.

32. Which one is correct for tropical forest of Gujarat ?

(a) Thorn forest (b) Moist deciduous forest

(c)Dry deciduous forest (d) all the given

33. For which animal sunderbans is declared as a National Park ?

(a) Lion (b) Rhino (c)Tiger (d) Wild ass

34. Which one is odd for Amzon rain forest ?

(a) Africa (b) Russia (c) Mauritius (d) Java

35. Among the recently extinct animal, Guagga is of which country ?

(a) Mammals-472 (b) Reptile-427(c) Birds-1300 (d) piceis-3000

36. Which reason is responsible for extinction of host fish and parasites.

(a) co-extinctions (b) Alien species invasions

(c) over exploitation (d) loss of habitat

37. Which rock species of Western Ghat is extinct due to quarrying?

(a) Tectona and Terminalia (b) Bamboo and Boswelia

(c) Bignonia and Habanera (d) Madhuea and Acacia

38. Which organisation is active for conservation of biodiversity at world level ?

(a) WWF (b) WCU (c) a and b both (d) EE

39. Which statements are true.

1. At present there are 14 biosphere reserves in India.

2. Biospheres includes 3 zones.

3. Bandipur, Periyar, Kaziranga and Hazirabaugh are biosphere reserve

4. UNO has formulated the concept of biosphere reserve.

5. Core Zone is the inner most region of biosphere reserve.

(a) 1, 2, 4 (b) 3, 5, 2 (c) 1, 3, 4, 5 (d) 1, 2, 5

40. Find odd one out :-

(a) Project Elephant (b) Tiger Project

(c) Gir Lion Project (d) Project Wild ass

41. Which one is correct for individual of the same species ?

(a) Population (b) Biotic Community

(c) Ecosystem (d) All the given

42. Which animal is remnant gene pool in the world ?

(a) Flamingo (b) Painted Frog

(c) Wild ass (d) Spring tailed Lizard

43. Find odd one out :

(a) Nanda devi (b) Great Nicobar (c) Mannar (d) Thar

44. Animals and plants are used as a food that means ___

(a) Destruction value of biodiversity (b) Utility value of biodiversity

(c) Ecosystem services (d) all the given

45. Which option is correct for endemism ___

1. Any group which can be found in small region.

2. Any group which can be found in large region.

3. Group of species which can be found in definite region.

4. Any group which can be not found anywhere else.

5. Endemic species which can be found everywhere.

(a) 1, 2, 3 (b) 1, 3, 4 (c) 2, 3 ,5 (d) only 2 and 5

46. In which zone there is no disturbance.

(a) Buffer zone (b) Core Zone (c) Transition zone (d) All the given

47. Which is the example of ex-situ conservation ? 

(a) National park (b) Sanctuary (c) Biosphere reserve (d) Zoo

48. Which type of information is obtained form Red-List ? 

(a) Red coloured fishes (b) Red eyed birds

(c) Endangered plants and animals (d) Red coloured insects

49. Which is true for wild life conservation ? 

(a) Hunting of prey (b) ex-situ conservation

(c) In-situ conservation (d) B and C both

50. Which is the main cause of extinction of wild life ? 

(a) Destruction of habitat (b)Hunting for flesh

(c) Pollution of medicine and water (d) All the given

51. At which place animals and plants are most protected ?

(a)Botanical gardens (b) National Park (c) Zoos (d) Sanctuary

52. For which animal Gir National Park is famous ? 

(a) Tiger (b) Asiatic Lion (c) Leopard (d) Deer

53. Which is not applicable institute conservation ? 

(a) National Park (b) Sanctuary (c) Botanical Garden (d) Biosphere reserve

54. Which one is protected in national park ? 

(a) Micro organism (b) Only plants (c) Plants and animals (d) None

55. What is called the biodiversity of different ecosystem of geographicalarea ?

(a)α diversity (b) δ - diversity (c) β diversity (d) γ diversity

56. What is called the area which is remain around the core zone of biosphere region ?

(a) Buffer (b) Transition zone (c) Developed zone (d) Peripherial zone

57. Which is the Hot spot of India ? 

(a) Gangatic plain (b) Western Ghat (c) Eastern Ghat (d) Arravali mountain

58. Which is included in types of biodiversity ? 

(a) Genes (b) Species (c) Ecosystem (d) All the given

59. Which is the most appropriate method for conservation of wild life ?

(a) Vaccination (b) Hybridization

(c) conservation in natural habitat (d) Killing of predator

60. Where Mangroves forest found ? 

(a) Dry region (b) Coastal region (c) Open area (d) tropical region

61. Where is the genes of rare plants species to stored ? 

(a) Gene bank (b) Gene Library (c) Herberium (d) none of them

62. Which is the Hotspot region ? 

(a) Regionwhich is having volcanoes

(b) Region which is having possibility of earth quake

(c) Coastal region whichis having species diversity

(d) Region which is having Tsunami

63. For which animal Project Gir is famous ? 

(a) Elephant (b) Hangul (c) Tiger (d) Lion

64. MAB means ________

(a) Man and biosphere programme

(b) Mammal and biological programme

(c) Mammal and biosphere programme

(d) Men and biological programme

65. Who publish Red-list ? 

(a) WWF (b) IUCN (c) MAB (d) IBWL

66. In India different types of mangoes species are example of _____

(a) species diversity (b) Genetic diversity

(c) Induced mutation (d) Breeding

67. Which pair contains maximum diversity and endemic species in India ? 

(a) Sunderban and runn of Kutch (b) Eastern Ghat and West Bangal

(c) East Himalaya and Western Ghat (d) Kerala and Punjab

68. Which number is correct for Indentfied popular species ? 

(a) 1.1 to 1.1 million (b) 0.5 to 1.0 million

(c) 2.5 to 3.0 million (d) 1.7 to 1.8 million

69. IUCN means _____________

(a) International union for conservation of nature and natural resources

(b) Indian union for conservation of nature and natural resources

(c) International union for conservation of nature and nutrients resources

(d) Indian Union chemical nomenclature

70. In India, which example has maximum varieties?

(a) Wheat (b) Rice (c) Mango (d) Tea

71. In India, Western ghat is known as Hot-spot because of ____

(a) Evergreen forest (b) High endemism

(c) more height (d) Topical climate

72. What is important of gene diversity ?

(a) Maintenance of species (b) speciation

(c) Research of genetic code (d) Maintenance and research of spices

73. How many plant species are there in India ?

(a) 40,000 (b) 80,000

(c) 58,000 (d) 45,500

74. What is called the biodiversity of habitat ?

(a) α diversity (b) β diversity

(c) γ diversity (d) Biosphere

75. Which is the modern concept of conservation ?

(a) Biosphere reserve (b) sanctuary

(c) National park (d) Protected forest