NEET UG Biology Excretory Products MCQs

IMPORTANT POINTS

* End of metabolic activities in organisms nitrogen waste material like ammonia, urea and ureic acid are produced.

* Execretion means the separation and elimination of Waste material from the body.

* Organisms are three type on the bases of excretory substances :

   (i) Ammonotelic

   (ii) Ureotelic

   (iii) Urecotelic

* In human excretory organ is a pair of kidney, one urinary blandder and urethra.

* Kidney are reddish brown color, bean shaped and on either side of the vertebral column in the lumber region. Each kidney is about 10cm long, 5 cm wide and 3 cm thick. In adult, it weight about 125-170 gm

* Each human kidney is containing about a million nephrons. Nephrons are refered to as the structural and the function units of the kidney. It known as uriniferous tubules.

* Each nephrons is about 3 cm long and 20-30 cm in diameter. Nephron consists of Bowman’s capsule, proximal convoluted, henle’s loops, distal convoluted and colleting duct.

* They comprise structure of glomerules and Brown’s capsule is called malpighian corpuscles, where filtration of blood and urine formation is started.

* Urine formation involves three phase :

   (i) Glomerular filtration

   (ii) Re-absorption and

   (iii) Tubular secreation.

* The function of the kidney is efficiently monitored and regulated hormonal feedback mechanisms involving mainly hypothalamus, pituitary, JGA and heart at cretain extent.

* The norrmal urine is pale yellow colored watery fluid which is slightly acidic (pH-6.0)and with a charactedristic odour. On an average 1 to 1.5 liter urineis produced per day, through it 25-30 gm of urea is excreted.

* Mammalian skin having sebaceous and sweat glands. Sebaceous gland discharge waxes, sterols, fatty acid and hydrocarbons, It lubricates the and prevents drying up of skin and wetting of hair. While sweet gland scretion is watery and consists of water, salts, mainly Nacl, urea, lactic acid, and little amino acid.

* Corbon dioxide and water are eliminated through human langs. About 18 liter of CO2 per hour and about 400 ml of water per day are removed by human lungs.

* By the disorders of excretion uremia, kidney failure, renal calculi and nephritis occurs.

MCQ

(1) Which of the following is a metabolic waste of nitrogenous substances?

(a) NH₃,urea,CO₂   (b) NH₃,aranine, urea   (c) Urea, NH₃, creatinine   (d) Urea, oxugen, SO₂

(2) Excretion of nitrogenous waste produt is remirolid form occure in

(a) ureotelic animals   (b) Ammorotelic animals   (c) ureotelic animals   (d) ammiotes

(3) In man, the area is mainly produced in

(a) Liver   (b) Kidneys   (c) Gall bladder   (d) Spleen

(4) Ureotelism is found in

(a) Mammals   (b) Aquatic insects   (c) Tadpoles   (d) Birds

(5) Which of the following are uricotelic animals?

(a) Rohu and Frog   (b) Lizard and Crow   (c) Camel and Frog   (d) Earthworm and eagle

(6) If liver from body is removed then which component of blood increases

(a) Ammonia   (b) Protein   (c) urea   (d) Uric acid

(7) Man is....

(A)Ureotelic   (b) Uricotelic   (c) Ammonotelic   (d) Both b and c

(8) Uric acid is formed in human from

(a) purines   (b) proteins   (c) glucose   (d) pyrimidines

(9) Green glands are excretony in function which are found in

(a) Spiders   (b) Moth   (c) Scropions   (d) Prawn 

(10) For maintanance of osmoregulation by animals where urea is sored?
(a) Medulla of Kidney (b) Cortex of Kidney (c) Renal of pelvis (d) Renal artery

(11) Excretory structure of earthworms is...
(a) Malpighian tubules (b) Nephridia (c) Kidney (d) Anternal glands

(12) Those animals which excrete a large amount of NH3 are...
(a) Terretrial (B)Eegg lying (c) Amphibions (d) Aquatic

(13) ”Columns of Bertini” is the kidney of manimals are found as the extersion of
(a) Medulla into cortex (b) Cortex into medulla (c) Medulla into pelvis (d) Pelvis into ureter