NEET Biology Ecosystem MCQs Set D

Question: Which of the following represents largest man made ecosystem

• a) Agroecosystem
• b) Aquarium
• c) Garden
• d) Zoo

Answer: Agroecosystem

Question: Rate of production of organic matter by producers per unit time and area is

• a) GPP
• b) NPP
• c) More than one option is correct
• d) NPP – R

Answer: GPP

Question: Magnitude of primary productivity is affected by

• a) All of these
• b) Photosynthetic capacity of producers
• c) Solar radiations available, Availability of nutrients
• d) Temperature, Availability of nutrients

Answer: All of these

Question: Build up of organic material in soil is under which of the following conditions to

• a) < 10°C temperature, Absence of oxygen
• b) Warm temperature, Humid environment
• c) Aerobic conditions, > 25°C temperature
• d) Nitrogen rich detritus, Optimum moisture

Answer: < 10°C temperature, Absence of oxygen

Question: Humification results in the formation of _________ substance

• a) Acidic, Dark coloured
• b)  Light coloured, Colloidal
• c) Colloidal, Basic
• d) Amorphous, Light coloured

Answer:  Acidic, Dark coloured

Question: What percentages of PAR can be captured by plants?

• a) 2–10%
• b) 20%
• c) 50%
• d) 1–5%

Answer: 2–10%

Question:

• a) Parasitic
• b) Detritus
• c) Grazing
• d) Predatory

Answer: Parasitic

Question: Choose incorrect option w.r.t. amount of living material present in different trophic levels at a given time

• a) Is always represented as dry weight only
• b) Can be measured as number
• c) Is equivalent to standing crop
• d) Expressed both as biomass and number

Answer: Is always represented as dry weight only

Question: If 10,000 J of energy fall on piece of land, then what is energy available at T₂ level?

• a) 10 J
• b) 100 J
• c) 1 J
• d) 1000 J

Answer: 10 J

Question: Choose odd one out w.r.t. functional aspects of ecosystem

• a) Species composition
• b) Energy flow
• c) Decomposition
• d) Nutrient cycling

Answer:  Species composition

Question: Major conduit of energy in land and aquatic ecosystem is transferred through ______ and ______ respectively.

• a) DFC, GFC
• b) GFC, GFC
• c) PFC, GFC
• d) GFC, DFC

Answer: DFC, GFC

Question: In hydrarch succession, reed swamp stage is preceded by

• a) Floating stage
• b) Scrub stage
• c) Forest community
• d) Sedge meadow stage

Answer: Floating stage

Question: Ecological succession is ______ and ______ change in species composition

• a) Orderly and sequential
• b) Gradual and unsequential
• c) Unpredictable and orderly
• d) Sequential and disorderly

Answer: Orderly and sequential

Question: Pioneer community established on a bare rock is

• a) Lichens
• b) Mosses
• c) Phytoplanktons
• d) Higher plants

Answer: Lichens

Question: Succession proceeds from

• a)  More than one option is correct
• b)

  

• c)

  

• d) None of these

Answer: More than one option is correct

Question: Carbon constitutes ______ of dry weight of organism and ______ percentage is dissolved in oceans out of total global carbon

• a) 49%, 71%
• b) 71%, 49%
• c) 49%, 49%
• d) 71%, 71%

Answer: 49%, 71%

Question: Choose incorrect option for the cost distribution of ecosystem services

• a) Nutrient cycling – > 10%
• b) Habitat for wildlife – 6%Soil formation – 50%
• c) Soil formation – 50%
• d) Climate regulation – 6%

Answer: Nutrient cycling – > 10%

Question:  Choose the correct change during ecological succession

• a) Decomposers also change
• b) Humus content decreases
• c) Total biomass decreases
• d) Low degree of diversity

Answer: Decomposers also change

Question: The most common shape of pyramid of number is

• a) Upright
• b) Spindle
• c) Urned
• d) Inverted

Answer: Upright

Question: Productivity contributed by oceans is ______ but area covered is comparatively _______.

• a) Low, more
• b) 10%, 71%
• c) 50%, 71%
• d) High, less

Answer: Low, more

Question: Mineralisation is performed by

• a) Saprophytic bacteria and fungi
• b) Small carnivores
• c) Detrivores
• d) Earthworm, termites

Answer: Saprophytic bacteria and fungi

Question: To make the study of global ecosystem easier, it is broadly divided into how many basic categories?

• a) Two
• b) Three
• c) Four
• d) Five

Answer: Two

Question: Major site of decomposition in the soil and water bodies respectively is

• a) Upper and bottom layer
• b) Bottom and top layer
• c) Bottom and upper layer
• d) Upper and top layer

Answer: Upper and bottom layer

Question: Raw material for decomposition represented by dead organic matter is

• a) Only roots
• b) Minerals
• c) Humus
• d) Detritus

Answer: Only roots

Question: Which of the following trophic levels are occupied by sparrow?

• a) Primary consumer, secondary consumer
• b) Primary consumer, secondary consumer
• c) Primary consumer, primary producer
• d) Primary producer, secondary producer

Answer: Primary consumer, secondary consumer

Question: Amount of inorganic substances present in an ecosystem is ______. Energy flow is a ______ feature of ecosystem.

• a) Standing state, functional
• b) Standing state, structural
• c) Standing crop, structural
• d) Standing crop, functional

Answer: Standing state, functional

Question: Initial seral stages in succession

• a) Possess low diversity
• b) More numerous in secondary successionShow maximum niche specialisation
• c) Have higher biomass
• d) More numerous in secondary succession

Answer: Possess low diversity

Question: Choose odd one out w.r.t. gaseous cycle.

• a) Phosphorus
• b) Nitrogen
• c) Hydrogen
• d) Carbon

Answer: Phosphorus

Question: Area where succession can take several thousands years to reach climax community is

• a) Sand dunes
• b) Abandoned farm lands
• c) Burnt and cut forest
• d) Flooded land

Answer: Sand dunes

Question: Major utilisation of carbon from atmosphere is through

• a) Photosynthesis
• b) Decomposition
• c) Respiration
• d) Human activities

Answer: Photosynthesis

Question: According to Robert Constanza average price tag for ecosystem services is

• a) US $ 33 trillion
• b) US $ 180 trillion
• c) US $ 13 trillion
• d) US $ 18 trillion

Answer: US $ 33 trillion

Question: Which of the following organisms were not given any place in ecological pyramids?

• a) More than one option is correct
• b) Decomposers
• c) Working at several trophic levels
• d) Parasites

Answer: More than one option is correct

Question: Choose the correct sequence of transitional communities in Xerarch succession.

• a)

  

• b)

  

• c)

  

• d)

  

Answer:

Question: Which of the following food chain shows spindle shaped pyramid of number?

• a)

  

• b)

  

• c)

  

• d)

  

Answer:

Question: Which is not true regarding ecosystem?

• a) Characterized by a major vegetation type
• b) Only requirement is input of energy
• c) Cyclic exchange of materials between living beings and environment
• d) Self sufficient unit

Answer: Characterized by a major vegetation type

Question: An ecosystem contains

• a) Green plants, animals, decomposers and abiotic environment
• b) Green plants and decomposers
• c) Green plants and animals
• d) Producers and consumers

Answer:  Green plants, animals, decomposers and abiotic environment

Question: Which of the following are artificial aquatic ecosystems?

• a) All of these
• b) Lakes and canals
• c) Large dams and reservoirs
• d) None of these

Answer: All of these

Question: Which is not a structural aspect of ecosystem?

• a) Productivity
• b) Diversity
• c) Species composition
• d) Life cycle

Answer: Productivity

Question:  Which of the following is a functional aspect of an ecosystem?

• a) Homeostasis
• b) Species composition
• c) Inorganic nutrients
• d) Topography

Answer: Homeostasis

Question: Which of the following ecosystems has highest productivity?

• a) Tropical rain forest
• b) Tropical deciduous forest
• c) Temperate coniferous forest
• d) Desert shrub

Answer: Tropical rain forest

Question: For net primary productivity energy captured is

• a) 0.8 – 4% of incident radiation
• b) 1 – 5 % of incident radiation
• c) 2 – 5% of PAR
• d) 2 – 10% of PAR

Answer:  0.8 – 4% of incident radiation

Question: Stratification is well developed in

• a) Tropical rain forests
• b) Alpine vegetations
• c) Grasslands
• d) Temperate forests

Answer: Tropical rain forests

Question: Consider the following four statements (A-D) and select the correct option stating which ones are true (T)and which ones are false (F).

Statements :
(A) Vertical distribution of different species occupying different levels in a community is called stratification.
(B) Net primary productivity minus respiration losses is the gross primary productivity.
(C) Rate of biomass production is called decomposition
(D) Annual net primary productivity of oceans is 55 billion tons

• a)

  

  

• b)

  

  

• c)

  

  

• d) None of these

Answer:

Question: Which of the following phenomena does not play a significant role in the maintenance of homeostasis in an ecosystem?

• a) Biotic potential
• b) Self regulation
• c) Feed back
• d) Carrying capacity

Answer: Biotic potential

Question: Least productive ecosystem is

• a) Tundra
• b) Forest
• c) Savannah
• d) Grassland

Answer: Tundra

Question: Which of the following are called key industry animals?

• a) Herbivores
• b) Top carnivores
• c) Decomposers
• d) Autotrophs

Answer: Herbivores

Question: Find an incorrect statement for DFC

• a) Starts with solar energy
• b) Requires specific detritivores
• c) Terminates in GFC
• d) Plays major role in terrestrial systems

Answer: Starts with solar energy

Question: In tropical rain forest most of the energy in ecosystem flows through

• a) Detritus food chain
• b) Grazing food chain
• c) Parasitic food chain
• d) None of these

Answer: Detritus food chain

Question: The respiratory loss of producers, herbivores and carnivores are respectively

• a) 20%, 30%, 60%
• b) Always 10%10%, 20%, 30%
• c) 10%, 20%, 30%
• d) 20%, 40%, 80%

Answer: 20%, 30%, 60%

Question: Which of the following ecological pyramids is most representative of functional characteristics of an ecosystem?

• a) Pyramid of energy
• b) Pyramid of number
• c) Pyramid of biomass
• d) All are equally representative

Answer: Pyramid of energy

Question: Which is not true for humus?

• a) They are degradation product of protein and fats and are produced by the process of mineralisation
• b) Act as reservoir of nutrients and increases water holding capacity of soil
• c) Highly resistant to microbial action
• d) Dark coloured amorphous substance

Answer: They are degradation product of protein and fats and are produced by the process of mineralisation

Question: Nutrient immobilisation

• a) More than one option is correct
• b) Is covalent linking of nutrients with one another
• c) Is incorporation of nutrients in microbes
• d) Prevents leaching of nutrients

Answer: More than one option is correct

Question: If producer is a large tree that supports a number of herbivorous animals which are further attacked by ectoparasites, the pyramid of number shall be

• a) Inverted
• b) Upright
• c) Irregular
• d) Spindle shaped

Answer: Inverted

Question: A food web

• a) Increases variety as well as quantity of food at each trophic level
• b) Decreases variety of food but increases quantity of food at each trophic level
• c) Delicately balances the inter relations amongst organisms
• d) Increases variety of food at each trophic level

Answer: Increases variety as well as quantity of food at each trophic level

Question: Earth is a/an

• a) Both
• b) Closed system
• c) Open system
• d) None of these

Answer: Both

Question: Energy requirement for maintenance of body _____ with successively higher trophic level

• a) Increases
• b) Decreases
• c) Remain same
• d) Always 10%

Answer: Increases

Question: What does the given ecological pyramid represent?

• a) Inverted pyramid of biomass in pond
• b) Inverted pyramid of number in pond
• c) Role of decomposers
• d) Pyramid of biomass in a forest ecosystem

Answer: Inverted pyramid of biomass in pond

Question: Mark the correct match

• a) Omnivores – Cockroaches, Crows
• b) Primary coloniser – Viruses
• c) Secondary consumer – Zooplankton
• d) None of these

Answer: Omnivores – Cockroaches, Crows

Question: Grazing food chain

• a) Binds the inorganic nutrients into organic matter
• b) Provides inorganic matter to detritus food chain
• c) Is based on energy present in detritus
• d) Does not add energy into ecosystem

Answer: Binds the inorganic nutrients into organic matter

Question: Which of the following statement is not correct about energy flow in an ecosystem?

• a) Energy flow is cyclic
• b) Pyramid of energy is always straight
• c) Energy flow is unidirectional
• d) Ecological efficiency is generally 10%

Answer: Energy flow is cyclic

Question: Pyramid of number in a cropland ecosystem is

• a) Upright
• b) Inverted
• c) Rhomboidal
• d) Spindle shaped

Answer: Upright

Question:

• a) Three
• b) Four
• c) Five
• d) Two

Answer: Three

Question:

• a) Submerged free floating, Read-swamp
• b) Phytoplankton, Marsh-meadow
• c) Marsh-meadow, Reed-swamp
• d) Submerged plant, Scrub stage

Answer: Submerged free floating, Read-swamp

Question: Climax communities

• a) Are more diverse than pioneer communities
• b) Are less stable than pioneer communities
• c) Have greater entropy than pioneer communities
• d) Have a large number but fewer species than pioneer communities

Answer: Are more diverse than pioneer communities

Question: Successful establishment of a species in a new area is called

• a) Ecesis
• b) Germination
• c) Reaction
• d) Coaction

Answer: Ecesis

Question: In the hydrosere the reed-swamp stage is followed by

• a) Marsh-meadow stage
• b) Submerged plant stage
• c) Submerged free floating plant stage
• d) Phytoplankton

Answer: Marsh-meadow stage

Question:

• a) Four
• b) Five
• c) Three
• d) Two

Answer: Four

Question: Atmospheric input is negligible in

• a) Phosphorus cycle
• b) Oxygen cycle
• c) Nitrogen cycle
• d) Carbon cycle

Answer: Phosphorus cycle

Question: The phosphates remain outside the natural cycle for a long time

• a) Both
• b) When they form compounds with metals
• c) When they are incorporated in bone and teeth
• d) None of these

Answer: Both

Question: Most animals that live in deep oceanic waters are

• a) Detritivores
• b) Secondary consumers
• c) Primary consumers
• d) Tertiary consumers

Answer: Detritivores

Question: In which of the following both pairs have correct combination?

• a) 

  

• b)

  

• c)

  

• d) None of these

Answer:

Question: During ecological succession

• a) The gradual and predictable change in species composition occurs in a given area
• b) The changes lead to a community that is in near equilibrium with the environment and is called pioneer community
• c) The establishment of a new biotic community is very fast in its primary phase
• d) The number and types of animals remain constant

Answer: The gradual and predictable change in species composition occurs in a given area

Question: Vertical distribution of different species occupying different levels in a biotic community is known as

• a) Stratification
• b) Zonation
• c) Divergence
• d) Pyramid

Answer: Stratification

Question: In an ecosystem the rate of production of organic matter during photosynthesis is termed as

• a) Gross primary productivity
• b) Net productivity
• c) Net primary productivity
• d) Secondary productivity

Answer: Gross primary productivity

Question: Secondary succession takes place on / in

• a) Degraded forest
• b) Newly cooled lava
• c) Bare rock
• d)  Newly created pond

Answer: Degraded forest

Question: The mass of living material at a trophic level at a particular time is called

• a) Standing crop
• b) Standing state
• c) Gross primary productivity
• d) Net primary productivity

Answer:  Standing crop

Question:

• a) a(ii), b(i), c(iv), d(iii)
• b) a(iv), b(i), c(iii), d(ii)
• c) a(i), b(ii), c(iii), d(iv)
• d) a(iii), b(ii), c(iv), d(i)

Answer: a(ii), b(i), c(iv), d(iii)

Question: If 20 J of energy is trapped at producer level, then how much energy will be available to peacock as food in the following chain?

• a) 0.02 J
• b) 0.002 J
• c) 0.2 J
• d) 0.0002 J

Answer: 0.02 J

Question: Natural reservoir of phosphorus is

• a) Rock
• b) Fossils
• c) Sea water
• d) Animal bones

Answer: Rock