CBSE Class 10 Social Science Development Important Questions

1 MARK QUESTIONS : -

Que.No.1: What is per capita income?

Ans:- Average income

Que.No.2: Which neighboring country has better performance in terms of human development than India?

Ans:  Sri Lanka

Que.No.3: What does HDI stands for?

Ans: Human development index

Que.No.4: What does national income refer to?

Ans:  The value of the total goods and services produced within a country in a year.

Que.No.5: Define sex ratio.

Ans:  Total number of females per thousand males in a country.

Que.No.6: Define economic growth.

 Ans:  It refers to the increase in per capita GDP of an economy over a long period of time.

Que.No.7: Define infant mortality rate.

Ans: The number of children that die before the age of one year as a proportion of 1000 live children born in that particular year.

Que.No.8: Which state of India has the lowest infant mortality rate?

Ans:  Kerala

Que.No.9: Which state of India has the least per capita income?

Ans:  Bihar

Que.No.10: Give one common development goal of the people.

Ans:  Peace and security 

3 MARKS QUESTIONS : -

Que.No.11: What does national development refers to?

Ans: It refers to the ability of a country to improve the social welfare of the people. For example, by providing social amenities such as quality education, potable water, transportation, infrastructure and medical care.

Que.No.12: Mention any three limitations of per capita income as an indicator of development.It does not tell us anything about the distribution of income.

Ans:  

1. It does not tell us anything about the distribution of income.
2. It does not measure various facilities.
3. It is affected by size of population.

Que.No.13: Distinguish between a developing country and a developed nation.

Ans: Developing country:-  The standard of living is low.

Per capita income is low.

The rate of capital formation is low.

Developed Nation:- The standard of living is high.

Per capita income is high.

The rate of capital formation is high.

Que.No.14: Mention any three characteristics of development.

Ans:    1. Different people can have different development goals.

           2. A mix of goals for development.

           3. Development for one may not be development for others.

Que.No.15: Besides income, what are other six things people may look for growth and development?

Ans:   Peace

1. Regular income
2. Good health
3. Desirable living standard
4. Good working conditions
5. Equal treatment

Que.No.16: Distinguish between human development and economic development.

Ans:  Human development:- 

1. human centered approach
2. indicated by HDI
3. wider term

        Economic development:-     

1. it is continuous and sustained growth in an ecnomy along with a general improvement
2. indicated by PCI
3. narrow term

Que.No.17: Distinguish between Human Development Index and World Development Report

Ans:  Human development index:-

1. Stresses on good and quality life
2. Parameters are good education, health facilities etc.
3. It includes literacy rate, life expectancy, infant mortality etc.

World development report:-

1. Stresses on rise in PCI
2. Parameters are quantities aspect of development.
3. It includes GDP, national income and PCI.

 5 MARKS QUESTIONS :-

Que.No.18: What is sustainable development? Suggest ways in which resources can be used judiciously.

Ans: Sustainable development refers to the development without hampering the needs of the future generations so that the future  generations may enjoy the benefits of nature to the fullest some ways in which the resources can be used judiciously are as follows:-

1. Economic extraction of resources.
2. Use of alternative resources.
3. Less use of non-renewable resources.
4. Limiting waste material at production level.

Que.No.19: List a few example of environment degradation that you may have observed around you.

Ans: 

1. Deforestation
2. Soil erosion
3. Ozone depletion
4. Air and water pollution
5. Wasting of fossil fuel
6. Lowering of water level.

Que.No.20: In what respect is the criterion used by the UNDP for measuring development different from the one used by the world bank?

Ans:  1  UNDP compares the development of the countries on the basis of literacy rate, gross enrolemrent ratio and health status of their people. World bank compares on the basis of PCI.

         2. UNDP rank countries as first, second and so on. Whereas world bank divides countries into three categories.

         a.  Developed
         b.  Developing and under developed.

         3. UNDP has brodes concept of development and the world bank has a narrow concept of development.

Que.No.21: Main criterion used by the world bank in classifying different countries. What are its limitations?

Ans:  Limitations;- 1. PCI is affected by the size of population

                              2. PCI does not tell us about distribution of income.

                              3. PCI does not tell about the availability of services and facilities that influences the quality of life.

Que.No.22: Describe the criterion used by the HDI in classifying different countries.

Ans:  a. literacy rate

         b. infant mortality rate

         c. access to clean drinking water

         d. standard of life.

         e. body mass index

         f. life expectancy

         g. health fascilities

Que.No.23  What is the classification of countries basis on per capita income criteria of world bank?

Ans:  1. Rich/developed/high income countries:- US$  12616   Per annum or above

         2. Middle income or developing countries :- US$1530 Per annum  or more

         3. Low income countries/poor/underdeveloped country:- US$ 1035 Per annum or less