CBSE Class 10 Social Science Development Important Questions Set B

Objective Type Questions

Question. Which of the following is true of development?
(a) The notion of development is different for people from different sections of society.
(b) The notion of development can never be conflicting for people from different sections of society.
(c) The notion of development always go hand in hand for industrialists and tribal people.
(d) The notion of development is only associated to higher income.
Answer: (a)

Question. Which of the following question needs to be answered when thinking of national development?
(a) Would a development plan benefit people from suburbs?
(b) Would a development plan include construction of new buildings?
(c) Would a development plan benefit a large or a small number of people?
(d) Would a development plan lead to increased international trade?
Answer: (c)

Question. Which of the following is the best way to measure the development status of a country?
(a) Number of cities in a country
(b) Per capita income
(c) Number of IT sector jobs in a country
(d) Inflation
Answer: (b)

Question. Which of the following is a drawback of using average income as a measure of development?
(a) Average income does not indicate the disparity in income level.
(b) Calculation of average income is a tedious process.
(c) Average income is always lower than the actual income of people.
(d) Average income fails to indicate the economic stability of a country.
Answer: (a)

Question. In addition to the level of income which of the following measures are important for measuring the development status of a nation?
(a) Literacy level and health facilities
(b) Bond prices and stock prices
(c) Inflation level
(d) Interest level
Answer: (a)

Question. Which of the following report is published by the UNDP to compare the countries’ education , health and per capita income level standards.
(a) Urban development report
(b) Living index development report
(c) Human development report
(d) Resource development report
Answer: (c)

Question. Which of the following is true for a renewable resource?
(a) Renewable resources can never be overused as they are in abundance.
(b) Renewable resources are replenished by the nature over a period of time.
(c) Renewable resources are fixed, and they are bound to get exhausted.
(d) Renewable resources are available only in developed nations.
Answer: (b)

Question. What does HDI stands for?
(a) Human Development Index
(b) Human Development Indicator
(c) High Development Index
(d) Hampered Development Index
Answer: (a)

Question. Which of the following best defines sustainable development?
(a) Sustainable development refers to the promotion of international trade so that the world doesn’t have to face scarcity of resources because of geographical constraints.
(b) Sustainable development refers to ensuring Pareto efficiency in the countries so that resources are optimally allocated, and it is not possible to reallocate resources to make some one better off without making someone else worse off.
(c) Sustainable development refers to meeting human development goals while maintaining the ability of natural systems to provide and replenish natural resources upon which the economy is dependent.
(d) Sustainable development refers to ensuring that no individual, firm or country can become a free rider, i.e., no one can benefit from resources without paying for them.
Answer: (c)

Question. Which of the following states has the highest per capita income?
(a) Punjab
(b) Bihar
(c) Kerala
(d) Tamil Nadu
Answer: (a)

Question. Economy is the sum total of all the economic activities of a society. (True/False)
Answer: True

Question. The country which have a very wide industrial sector based on modern technology are developed country. The people there have high standard of living and better quality of life. (True/False)
Answer: True

Question. Enterprises are owned by the public sector in order to make profit and ensure economic development. (True/False)
Answer: False

Question. Price of the goods and its demand are inversely proportional to each other. (True/False)
Answer: True

Question. India is endowed with rich natural resources and huge manpower but due to lack of capital and technology, the resources can’t be exploited and utilized. (True/False)
Answer: True

Question. Complete the Following : Kerala has a low infant mortality rate because______.
Answer: It has adequate provision of basic health and educational facilities.

Question. International bank for reconstruction and development is also called as _________ .
Answer: World Bank.

Question. An indicator of human development is _________ . OR The main cause behind environment degradation is _________ .
Answer: Life expectancy. OR Deforestation and increase in population.

Question. Arrange the following state in the order of increasing per capita income.
(i) Bihar
(ii) Haryana
(iii) Kerala
(iv) Uttar Pradesh
(a) i-ii-iii-iv
(b) ii-iii-iv-i
(c) ii-iv-iii-i
(d) iii-iv-i-ii
Answer: (b)

Question. Arrange the following countries in the correct increasing sequence of life expectancy at birth as per HDR (Human Development Report) 2018.
(i) Myanmar
(ii) Sri Lanka
(iii) Nepal
(iv) India
(a) i-ii-iii-iv
(b) ii-iv-i-iii
(c) i-iii-ii-iv
(d) ii-iii-i-iv
Answer: (b)

Question. Complete the following table :
HDR Full form: Human Development Report
Published by: (A)– ?
Two main indicators: (B)– ?
Answer: (A)– UNDP, (B)– Health and Education

Question. Correct the following statement and rewrite. The average income is also called as Gross Domestic Income.
Answer: The average income is also called as per capita income.

Question. Correct the following statement and rewrite. Infant Mortality Rate indicates the number of children that die before the age of two years.
Answer: Infant Mortality Rate indicates the number of children that die before the age of one year.

Question. Read the given data and find out which country has most equitable distribution of income.
Monthly Income of Citizens in four countries in 2018:
Country A: 10,500, 11,200, 10,800, 11,000, 10,700 (Avg: 10,840)
Country B: 600, 5,000, 600, 600, 600 (Avg: 1,480)
Country C: 500, 10,500, 400, 7,500, 2,000 (Avg: 4,190)
Country D: 800, 4,800, 700, 5,000, 750 (Avg: 2,410)
(a) Country A
(b) Country B
(c) Country C
(d) Country D
Answer: (a)

Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question. Which criterion is used in World Development Report in classifying countries?
Answer: Per Capita Income.

Question. What are the factors important for development other than income?
Answer: Per Capita Income along with reduction in Infant Mortality Rate, improved literacy rate etc. are other factors important for development

Question. Who publishes the World Development Report?
Answer: World Bank.

Question. What is WDR?
Answer: World Development Report.

Question. What would a developed country like to achieve ?
Answer: A developed country would like its level of development to go up further or at least be maintained for future generations.

Question. What is the total income of a country ?
Answer: The total income of the country refers to the income of all the residents of the country.

Question. What criterion is used for the comparison of countries ?
Answer: The criterion may depend on the purpose of comparison.

Question. Define the term per capita income. OR What is per capita income ?
Answer: The per capita income is calculated by dividing the total income of the country by the population of the country.

Question. If there are four members in a family and their total income is \( Rs \) 20,000/- what would be the average income of each person ?
Answer: Average income = Total Income / No. of members = \( 20000 / 4 = Rs 5000 \). Average income of each person will be \( Rs 5000 \).

Question. What may be the non-monetary thing people respect more ?
Answer: Apart from monetary benefits, people desire for certain non-material things which may sometimes be more important for people like freedom, security, equal treatment, and respect etc.

Question. What is Gross Enrolment Ratio ?
Answer: Gross Enrolment Ratio refers to the number of students enrolled in various levels of educational institutions like enrolment in primary school, secondary school and higher educational institutions.

Question. What is Infant Mortality Rate ?
Answer: It is the number of children who die before attaining the age of one year per 1000 live births in a particular year.

Question. What is Net Attendance Ratio ?
Answer: Net Attendance Ratio is the total number of children of age group 14 and 15 years attending school as a percentage of total number of children in the same age group

Question. What is Life Expectancy at birth ?
Answer: Life Expectancy at birth refers to an average number of years a person is expected to live at the time of his birth.

Question. Define the term Literacy Rate. OR What is Literacy Rate ?
Answer: Literacy Rate measures the proportion of literate population in the 7 and above age group.

Question. Mohit is 28 years of age, has 65 kg of body weight and is 1.4 meters tall. Calculate his BMI. Find out whether he is under nourished or over weight. Why?
Answer: \( \text{BMI} = \frac{\text{Weight (kg)}}{\text{(Height)}^2\text{mtr}} = \frac{65}{(1.4)^2} = 33.16 \). His BMI is 33.16. He is over weight because his BMI is more than 25.3.

Question. Who publishes the Human Development Report?
Answer: Human Development Report Office of the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP).

Question. What is UNDP?
Answer: United Nations Development Programme.

Question. Which state has the lowest Infant Mortality Rate (IMR)?
Answer: Kerala.

Question. How many countries are included in HDI ranking?
Answer: 188 countries are included in HDI ranking.

Question. When is a person considered undernourished ?
Answer: When the BMI or Body Mass Index is less than 18.5 then the person is considered undernourished.

Question. When is a person considered overweight ?
Answer: When the BMI or Body Mass Index is more than 25 then the person is considered overweight.

Question. What have the scientists warned of about the development ?
Answer: A number of scientists since the second half of the twentieth century have been warning that the present type, and levels, of development are not sustainable.

Question. What are renewable resources ?
Answer: Renewable resources are those resources which are generally replenished by nature as the rivers, ponds, crops and plants etc.

Question. Why is sustainable development essential ? Give one reason.
Answer: Sustainable development aims at economic development without damaging the environment and at the same time conserving for the future generations also. Resources are to be used in such a way that they are not over-exploited and remain intact for future use.

Question. State any two goals of development other than income.
Answer: (a) Job security. (b) Opportunity to learn. (c) Better working condition.

Assertion and Reasoning Based Questions

Mark the option which is most suitable :
(a) If both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
(b) If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
(c) If assertion is true but reason is false.
(d) If both assertion and reason are false.

Question. Assertion : The average income of a country is about US$ 12,056; however, the country is still not a developed country.
Reason : The income levels are highly skewed for the country.
Answer: (a) A country can have skewed data of income level, i.e., certain sections of the society are extremely rich; however, a majority of the people are poor. In such a case, the average income is likely to be high for the nation, but the nation cannot be called developed as the income is not distributed in an equitable manner.

Question. Assertion : Suppose the literacy rate in a state is 78% and the Net Attendance Ratio in secondary stage is 47%.
Reason : More than half of the students are going to other states for elementary education.
Answer: (c) Net Attendance Ratio is the total number of children of age group 14 and 15 years attending school as a percentage of total number of children in the same age group. If the students were going to other states for higher education, the total students available in the state would go down and the Net Attendance Ratio would not be so low. The low Net Attendance Ratio is indicative of students dropping out of elementary school.

Question. Assertion : A state has a per capita income of \( Rs \) 2, 25, 000 per annum. The infant mortality rate in the state is 62%. So, the state cannot be considered a developed state.
Reason : There are medical facilities in the state, but people fail to take their children to hospital in time.
Answer: (c) The assertion is true; however, the reason is false because if the parents are earning well and medical facilities are available, then they would definitely take their child for timely treatment. Also, some parents may fail to do so, but not so many that the infant mortality rate would be as high as 62%.

Question. Assertion : A small town has a high rate of robbery; however, a locality in this town has well-maintained law and order.
Reason : The people in the locality are aware of the importance of having security guards, and they collectively pay to have the security guards in the locality.
Answer: (a) It is cheaper to have collective security for the entire locality than having a security man for each house. Also, if people have their personal security guards in certain parts of a locality, the robbery can still happen in houses without a security man. Therefore, paying for the collective benefit of the society helps to resolve issues.

Question. Assertion : A country that was extremely rich in natural resources has mainly relied on oil extraction for revenue generation for several centuries. However, the scientists predict that the country may become poor in the future if other means of generating income are not devised.
Reason : Oil is a non-renewable resource, and it is likely to get exhausted if not used judiciously.
Answer: (a) If the country has relied on oil extraction for several centuries, it is likely that the country’s oil wells may start drying up as oil is a non-renewable source of energy. So, if the country would not find a substitute method of generating income, then the pressure on oil wells will increase and the country is likely to become poor in absence of oil.

Question. Assertion : The crude oil reserves are going down for the entire world, and the countries need to find substitute fuel for crude oil.
Reason : A country that is dependent on imports for crude oil will demand more crude oil in the future.
Answer: (b) The crude oil resource is becoming scarce, and the countries need to resolve the issue as most of the production tasks are dependent on oil. It is obvious that demand for oil will increase in future as the world population is increasing as a result the demand for oil will also increase.

Question. Assertion : Sustainable development is essential for economic growth of the countries.
Reason : Sustainable development ensures that environment friendly measures are adopted for carrying out production processes.
Answer: (a) Sustainable development is essential for economic growth as it involves judicious use of resources which leads to economic growth by reducing wastage.

Question. Assertion : Different people have different developmental goals.
Reason : The capitalist approach to development is detrimental to poor section of the society.
Answer: (b) Different people have different developmental goals because the notion of development is different for different groups of people.

Question. Assertion : Non-renewable resources are abundant in nature.
Reason : Non-renewable resources can be replenished over a period of time.
Answer: (d) Non-renewable resources are fixed in amount and will get exhausted after several years of usage.

Question. Assertion : A high average income is not indicative of the overall well-being or human development in a country.
Reason : Average income does not cover indicators like level of literacy rate, health facilities and public facilities in a country.
Answer: (a) Higher average income is not the only indicator of human development in a country. Factors like level of literacy rate, health facilities and public facilities are also important.