CBSE Class 10 Social Science Water Resources Important Questions Set B

Objective Type Questions

Question. How much of earth’s surface is covered with water ?
(a) \( 1/2^{th} \)
(b) \( 1/4^{th} \)
(c) \( 2/4^{th} \)
(d) \( 3/4^{th} \)
Answer: (d)

Question. Which place in India receives the highest rainfall ?
(a) Shilong
(b) Kerla
(c) Mawsynram
(d) Darjeeling
Answer: (c)

Question. 96.5% of the total volume of world’s water exists as :
(a) rivers
(b) glaciers
(c) oceans
(d) seas
Answer: (c)

Question. The dams construted to control floods have triggered floods due to __________ in the reservoir.
(a) decantation
(b) filtration
(c) sublimation
(d) sedimentation
Answer: (d)

Question. Rooftop rain water harvesting was commonly praticed:
(a) To store drinking water
(b) Irrigation
(c) Gardening
(d) Industries
Answer: (a)

Question. In the semi-arid and arid regions of Rajasthan, all the house store drinking water in __________ .
(a) Matkas
(b) Kuls
(c) Tankas
(d) Guls
Answer: (c)

Question. Which of the following is not a source of water ?
(a) Ocean
(b) Rain
(c) Ground water
(d) Surface water
Answer: (a)

Question. Fresh water is renewed through ___________ .
(a) Nitrogen cycle
(b) Hydrogen cycle
(c) Carbon cycle
(d) Oxygen cycle
Answer: (b)

Question. Water produces ___________ power.
(a) Magnetic power
(b) Electric power
(c) Hydroelectricity
(d) Mechanical energy
Answer: (c)

Question. Which among the following is the reason of water scarcity ?
(a) Industrialisation
(b) Urbanisation
(c) Modernisation
(d) All of these
Answer: (d)

Question. Three-fourth of the earth‘s surface is covered with water. (True/False)
Answer: True

Question. Bihar is the region of India which experience low rainfall and is drought prone. (True/False)
Answer: False

Question. Bhopal city in India has an artificial lake to conserve water that dates back to \( 11^{th} \) century. (True/False)
Answer: True

Question. Hirakund dam is built on Sutlej river. (True/False)
Answer: False

Question. Match the following :
Column A
1. Social movement
2. A dam
3. Jawaharlal Nehru declared the dams as the
4. Mawsynram
5. Multi purpose project

Column B
(a) Highest rainfall in the world
(b) Temples of modern India
(c) Solve many purposes at a time
(d) A barrier across flowing water that obstructs
(e) Narmada Bachao Andolan
Answer: 1. (e), 2. (d), 3. (b), 4. (a), 5. (c).

Question. Which technique is shown in the image for conserving water? (Image depicts people collecting rainwater using an umbrella)
(A) Watershed
(B) Rain water harvesting
(C) Rooftop saving
(D) Saving water in umbrella
Answer: (D)

Question. Complete the following : Water covers three-fourth of the earth‘s surface, but only __________ .
Answer: \( 2.5\% \) is available as fresh water.

Question. Arrange the following events in the correct sequence
i. Excess water from the sump is taken to the well.
ii. Underground pipe takes water to sump for immediate usage.
iii. Rooftop rainwater is collected using a PVC pipe.
iv. Water from the well recharges the underground water.
Options -
(A) (i)-(ii)-(iii)-(iv)
(B) (iii)-(ii)-(i)-(iv)
(C) (iv)-(i)-(iii)-(ii)
(D) (iv)-(ii)-(iii)-(i)
Answer: (B)

Question. Nagarjuna Sagar: River Krishna, Hirakud: _________.
(a) River Narmada
(b) River Godavari
(c) River Kaveri
(d) River Mahanadi
Answer: (d)

Question. Correct the following statement rewrite : 70 percent of fresh water occurs as ice sheets and glaciers in artic, Greenland and mountainous regions of the world.
Answer: 70 percent of fresh water occurs as icesheets and glaciers in Antarctica, Greenland and mountainous regions of the world.

Question. Identify the type of rainwater harvesting with the help of the following features:

• Rainwater is collected using a PVC pipe
• Underground pipe takes water to sump for immediate usage
• Water from the well recharges the underground

Answer: Rooftop Rainwater Harvesting

Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question. How has Shillong solved the problem of acute shortage of water ? 
Answer: Shillong has been able to deal with the problem of acute shortage of water by setting up Bamboo drip irrigation systems.

Question. How has Tamil Nadu solved the problem of acute shortage of water ? 
Answer: Tamil Nadu has been able to deal with the problem of acute shortage of water by adopting Rooftop water harvesting techniques.

Question. Why dams are now referred to as multipurpose projects ?
Answer: In the recent time, dams are built not just for irrigation but for electricity generation, water supply for domestic and industrial uses, flood control, recreation, inland navigation and fish breeding. Hence, they are now referred to as multipurpose projects.

Question. How are dams responsible for causing floods ?
Answer: Ironically, the dams that were constructed to control floods have triggered floods due to sedimentation in the reservoir. Moreover, the big dams have mostly been unsuccessful in controlling floods at the time of excessive rainfall.

Question. What is the contribution of hydroelectric power in the total energy produced ?
Answer: In the recent times, hydroelectric power in India contributes approximately upto \( 22\% \) of the total electricity produced.

Question. Many people of arid and semi-arid regions construct underground rooms adjoining the water tanks. Give reason.
Answer: It would keep the room cool by beating the summer heat.

Question. What are the aims of 'Narmada Bachao Andolan' ?
Answer: Narmada Bachao Andolan focused on the environmental issues related to trees that would be submerged under the dam water. Recently it has re-focused the aim to enable poor citizens to get full rehabilitation facilities from the government.

Question. What are Tanks or ‘Tankas’ ?
Answer: In the arid and semi-arid regions of Rajasthan, particularly in Bikaner, Phalodi and Barmer, almost all the houses traditionally had underground tanks or tankas for storing drinking water.

Question. What were ‘Johads’ and ‘Khadins’ ?
Answer: In the arid and semi-arid regions, agricultural fields were converted into rain fed storage structures that allowed the water to stand and moisten the soil. These were called Khadins in Jaisalmer and Johads in other parts of Rajasthan.

Question. What is ‘Bamboo Drip’ irrigation system ?
Answer: In Meghalaya, a 200 year old system of tapping stream and spring water by using bamboo pipes is prevalent. This is called ‘Bamboo Drip’ irrigation system.

Question. What is kul ?
Answer: It is a circular village tank from which water is released and taken when required.

Question. What is the adverse effect of farmers having their own wells and tube wells in farms ?
Answer: Due to the possession of wells and tube wells by the farmers in farms for irrigation, there has been a fall in the ground water levels, which has adversely affected water availability and food security of the people.

Assertion and Reasoning Based Questions

Mark the option which is most suitable :
(a) If both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
(b) If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
(c) If assertion is true but reason is false.
(d) If both assertion and reason are false.

Question. Assertion : Water is a renewable resource.
Reason : Freshwater is mainly obtained from surface run off and ground water that is continually being renewed.
Answer: (a) The total volume of world’s water is estimated to exist as oceans and only few percent occurs to be fresh water. Nearly \( 70\% \) of this freshwater occurs as ice sheets and glaciers in Antarctica, Greenland and the mountainous regions of the world.

Question. Assertion : The availability of water resources varies over space and time.
Reason : Availability of water resources helps in storing water.
Answer: (c) Water resources varies over space and time due to the variation in seasonal and annual precipitation however water scarcity in most cases is caused by over- exploitation and excessive use.

Question. Assertion : Dams are referred to as multi-purpose projects.
Reason : Dams are built for irrigation, electricity generation, water supply for domestic and industrial use, flood control, recreation and fish breeding.
Answer: (a) Dams were traditionally built to impound rivers and rainwater that could be used later to irrigate agricultural fields. They also help in various activities. Thus, the reason justifies the assertion.

Question. Assertion : Dams are only used for generating electricity, not for irrigation.
Reason : Water stored in dam does not produce electricity.
Answer: (d) Dams are built to impound rivers and rainwater that could be used later to irrigate agricultural fields and it also helps to generate electricity and fulfills a variety of purposes at the same time. Thus, both reason and assertion are false.

Question. Assertion : Irrigation has also changed the cropping pattern.
Reason : Crops are now sown according to the amount and availability of water.
Answer: (a) Irrigation has also changed the cropping pattern of many regions with farmers shifting to water intensive and commercial crops. Large farmers are benefitted through changing the cropping pattern.

Question. Assertion : Irrigation is considered to be the major source of agriculture.
Reason : Dams are well-known for their capacity to hold water for agriculture.
Answer: (c) Irrigation is considered to be the major source of agriculture. The major sources of irrigation are from canals, tanks, wells and tubes but dams are used only to store large water for later use.

Question. Assertion : Multi-purpose projects help to control floods by regulating water flow.
Reason : Dams were constructed to conserve water.
Answer: (b) Multi-purpose projects include dam which helps us in conserving and managing water. Floods occur due to very heavy rainfall. Building dams on most of our river basins helps in controlling floods as it helps in storing and regulating water resource. Thus both are true, but the reason does not justify the answer.

Question. Assertion : Growing Population is the main reason for water scarcity.
Reason : Irrigation from tube wells and canals is responsible for water scarcity.
Answer: (c) Water is utilized on large basis because, increasing population requires more water for cooking, washing and bathing. Irrigation is not a major contributor. Thus, the assertion is true but the reason is not.

Question. Assertion : Ground water a highly overused resource.
Reason : Ground water is used for domestic and drinking purpose.
Answer: (a) Ground water a highly overused resource as it is used for domestic purpose and drinking purpose. Huge population mainly depends upon the ground water for basic requirements.