CBSE Class 9 Social Science Working of Institutions Worksheet Set B

Question. Who elects the President of India? 
(A) The Speaker
(B) The Prime Minister
(C) All the Members of the Parliament (MPs) and the Members of the State Legislative Assemblies (MLAs) elect the President.
(D) Only the Members of the State Legislative Assemblies elect the President.
Answer : C

Question. What kind of Judiciary do we have in India?
(A) Bounded Judiciary
(B) Bias Judiciary
(C) Disintegrated Judiciary
(D) Independent and integrated Judiciary
Answer : D

Question. What do the Civil Servants do?
(A) They take important Policy decisions.
(B) They Implement the Ministers’ Decisions.
(C) They settle the Disputes.
(D) None of the above.
Answer : B

Question. Which body acts as the Guardian of Fundamental Rights?
(A) District Courts
(B) Supreme Court
(C) Election Commission
(D) Legislature
Answer : B

Question. When does a Bill become a Law?
(A) After approval from the General Public
(B) Only after the President’s assent
(C) Only after the Prime Minister ’s assent
(D) Only after the Speaker ’s assent
Answer : B

Question. Which institution is Empowered to Administer Justice in India? 
(A) Legislature
(B) Executive
(C) Judiciary
(D) Ruling party
Answer : C

Question. Which Organ of the Government has the power to interpret the Constitution? U
(A) Supreme Court
(B) High Court
(C) District Court
(D) Both (A) and (B)
Answer : A

Question. Study the given Picture carefully and answer the question that follow :
This picture is related to which of the following.
(A) General Meeting
(B) Assembly Meeting
(C) Cabinet Meeting
(D) None of these
Answer : C

Assertion and Reason Based MCQs

Directions : In the following questions, a statement of Assertion (A) is followed by a statement of
Reason (R). Mark the correct choice as :
(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(B) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(D) (A) is false, but (R) is true.

Question. Assertion (A) : The Government of India had appointed the Second Backward Classes Commission in 1979.
Reason (R): It was headed by B.P. Mandal. Hence it was popularly called the Mandal Commission.
Answer : B

Question. Assertion (A) : The Constitution of India has made the President the Supreme-Commander of Armed Forces.
Reason (R) : Democracy maintains Civilian Supremacy over the Military Force.
Answer : A

Question. Assertion (A) : If the Budget presented to the Rajya Sabha is not passed within the stipulated period, the Budget Proposals are not affected.
Reason (R): In Financial matters, the Lok Sabha is more powerful than the Rajya Sabha.
Answer : A

Questionuestion. Assertion (A) : There are limitations on the Legislative Authority of the State Legislature.
Reason (R): Certain Bills on the State List can be introduced in the State Legislature only with the President’s approval.
Answer : A

Question. Assertion (A) : The Rajya Sabha must pass a resolution on the necessity of an All India Service before a New Service Common to States and the Union is created.
Reason (R): Indian Constitution is federal and a resolution passed by a Two- thirds Majority in Rajya Sabha would practically signify the consent of the States.
Answer : A

Question. Assertion (A) : The President is a part of the Legislature.
Reason (R): A Bill is not passed by the Houses of Parliament and can become a Law without the President’s assent.
Answer : C

Short Answer Type Questions

Question. Give any Three Functions (or Responsibilities) of the Government.
Answer :  (i) Government Collects Taxes and uses it for Administration, Defence and Development Programmes.
(ii) Government ensures security to the Citizens and provides facilities for Education and Health.
(iii) It formulates and implements several Welfare Schemes.

Question. Why does the Political Executive have more powers than the Permanent Executive? Give any three reasons.
Answer :  (i) Every Minister is the Representative of the People and empowered to exercise the Will of the People on their Behalf. (ii) She/He is finally answerable to the People for all the decisions. (iii) The Ministers take the advice of the Experts on All Technical Matters and decides according to the Overall Objective.

Question. Mention any three Discretionary Powers of the Indian President.
Answer :  (i) The Administration of whole Country is carried on his name. He is the Supreme Commander of Armed Forces. (ii) He appoints the Prime Minister, the Chief Justice of India, Governors of the States, Judges of Supreme Court and High Courts, the Election Commissioners, Ambassadors to other countries, etc. (iii) There is one very important thing he should do on his own, i.e., Appoint the Prime Minister. When a Party or Coalition of Parties secures a Clear Majority in the Elections, the President has to appoint the Leader of the Majority Party or the Coalition that enjoys majority support in the Lok Sabha. When No Party or Coalition gets a Majority in the Lok Sabha, the President exercises his discretion. The President appoints a Leader who in his opinion can muster majority support in the Lok Sabha. In such a case, the President can ask the Newly Appointed Prime Minister to prove Majority support in the Lok Sabha within a specified time. 

Question. How are the Ministers in the Council of Ministers categorized according to their Rank?
OR
Explain the Composition of the Union Council of Ministers.
OR Explain the Composition of the Council of Ministers.
Answer :  The Union Council of Ministers comprises of the three categories of Ministers. These are:
(i) Cabinet Ministers: They constitute the inner ring of the Council of Ministers. These are the Toplevel Leaders of the Ruling Party/Parties who are Incharge of the important Ministries. They usually meet to take decisions in the name of the Council of Ministers.
(ii) Ministers of State with Independent Charge: They are usually incharge of Smaller Ministries. They participate in the Cabinet Meetings only when they are invited.
(iii) Ministers of State : They are attached to and are required to assist the Cabinet Ministers.
(iv) It is headed by the Prime Minister.

Long Answer Type Questions

Question. Analyse the reaction of the people after the implementation of Mandal Commission Report.
Answer :  It led to widespread protests, some of which were violent. People reacted strongly because this decision affected thousands of Job Opportunities.
(i) The people felt this would give fair opportunity to those Communities who had not been represented in Government Employment.
(ii) Some felt that this was unfair as it would deny equality of opportunity to those who did not belong to Backward Communities.
(iii) They would be denied jobs even if they were qualified.
(iv) Some felt that this would arouse Caste feelings.
(v) Others felt that this situation would lead to Social Division and weaker National Unity.

Question. Describe how the Prime Minister and the Council of Ministers are appointed.
Answer :  (i) The President appoints the Leader of the Majority Party or the Coalition of Parties that commands a Majority in the Lok Sabha, as Prime Minister.
(ii) In case no Single Party or Alliance gets a majority, the President appoints the person most likely to secure the majority support.
(iii) The President appoints other Ministers on the Advice of the Prime Minister.
(iv) The Ministers are usually from the Party or the Coalition that has the Majority in the Lok Sabha.
(v) The Prime Minister is free to choose Ministers as they are Members of Parliament. A Person who is not a Member of Parliament can also become a Minister, but he has to get Elected to one of the Houses of Parliament within six months of Appointment as Minister.

Question. How can you say that the President occupies the Position of a Nominal Head of the State?
Answer :  (i) The President is not Elected Directly by the People. She or he can never claim the kind of Direct popular mandate that the Prime Minister can.
(ii) This ensures that she or he remains only a Nominal Executive.
(iii) The Constitution gives vast powers to the President. But the latter exercises them only on the Advice of the Council of Ministers.
(iv) The President can ask the Council of Ministers to reconsider its advice. But if the same advice is given again, she or he is bound to act according to it. Similarly, when a Bill comes to the President for signatures she or he can return it to the Parliament with her or his advice.
(v) But when the Bill comes for his her signatures again, then she or he has to sign it, whether the Parliament agrees to her / his advice or not. 

Question. Differentiate between Political Executive and Permanent Executive. Which Executive is more Powerful?
Answer :  Political Executive:
(i) It is Elected by the People for a specified period.
(ii) Political Executive is more Powerful than Permanent Executive.
(iii) The Ministers of Political Executives are elected by the People, so they are answerable to the people for their work. That’s why, the Ministers take all the Final decisions.
Permanent Executive:
(i) In the second category, people are appointed on a long-term basis, who are called Permanent Executives.
(ii) Officials working in Civil Services are called Civil Servants. They are also called Bureaucrats.
(iii) They remain in Office even when the Ruling Party changes. These Officers work under the Political Executive and assist them in carrying out day to day Administration. Thus, a Political Executive is more powerful.

Question. Describe the Election Procedure of the Two Houses of Indian Parliament. List three areas where Lok Sabha enjoys Supreme Powers.
OR
In which three ways is the Lok Sabha more powerful than the Rajya Sabha?
OR
How does the Lok Sabha exercise Supreme Power over the Rajya Sabha? Explain.
OR
Which House of the Parliament is More Powerful in India and why? Give any three reasons to justify your answer.
OR
Compare the powers of Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha.
Answer :  Election Procedure of the Two Houses of Parliament:
(i) The Lok Sabha is Directly Elected by the People and enjoys real power on behalf of the People.
(ii) The Rajya Sabha is Elected Indirectly and mainly looks after the Interest of the regions or Federal Units. The Lok Sabha enjoys Supreme Powers :
(i) If there is a Joint Session of the Two Houses then the Will of the Lok Sabha prevails due to its Numerical Supremacy.
(ii) In Money Matters, the Lok Sabha is Supreme as the Rajya Sabha can only delay a Money Bill for 14 days or give suggestions.
(iii) The Lok Sabha controls the Council of Ministers through ‘No-confidence Motion’.

 

Question. Who are Socially and Economically Backward Classes (SEBC)? What is the percentage of Government jobs reserved for them? 

1. SEBC a new third category other than Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribe. 

2. It is another name for all those people who belong to castes that are considered backward by the government. 

3. It states that 27 percent of the vacancies in civil posts and services under the Government of India jobs are reserved for the Socially and Economically Backward Classes (SEBC).

 

Question. What is Mandal Commission? What were its suggestions? 

1. The Government of India had appointed the Second Backward Classes Commission in 1979. It was headed by B.P. Mandal. So it was popularly called the Mandal Commission. 

2. It was asked to determine the criteria to identify the socially and educationally backward classes in India and recommend steps to be taken for their advancement. 

3. The Commission gave its Report in 1980 and made many recommendations. One of these was that 27 per cent of government jobs be reserved for the socially and economically backward classes.

 

1. What is the number of the Government Order issued on August 13, 1990? 

2. What do you understand by ‘Office Memorandum’? 

3. Who signed the Order? 

4. Who gave the instructions to implement the order? 

5. Name the Political Party that promised the implementation of Mandal Commission in their election manifesto in 1989 Lok Sabha election? 

6. Who was the Prime Minister at the time when it was implemented?(Ref-DP TB-Pg: 79)

 

Question. Analyse the various developments that took place after the implementation of Mandal Commission in 1989. 

1. The President of India in his address to the Parliament announced the intention of the government to implement the recommendations of the Mandal Commission. On 6 August

1990, the Union Cabinet took a formal decision to implement the recommendations. 

2. Next day Prime Minister V.P. Singh informed the Parliament about this decision through a statement in both the Houses of Parliament. 

3. The decision of the Cabinet was sent to the Department of Personnel and Training. The senior officers of the Department drafted an order in line with the Cabinet decision and took the minister’s approval. An officer signed the order on behalf of the Union Government. It became the O.M of August 13, 1990. 

4. It was also the most debated question of the country at that time. The issue related to Reservation policy was later solved by the Supreme Court.

 

Question. What were the arguments in favour and against the reservation for OBC? 

1. Some felt that existence of inequalities among people of different castes in India necessitated job reservations. They felt, this would give a fair opportunity to those communities who so far had not adequately been represented in government employment. 

2. Others felt that this was unfair, as it would deny equality of opportunity to those who did not belong to backward communities. 

3. They would be denied jobs even though they could be more qualified. Some felt that this would perpetuate caste feelings among people and hamper national unity. 

 

Add this Board Question with the Board Answer For Chapter No.4 & also this Chapter-5 What is meant by reserved constituencies? Justify the concept of 'Reservation of seats' by giving any three suitable arguments. 

 

Answer :  Reserved Constituencies : 

• Some constituencies are reserved for people who belong to the Scheduled Castes (SC) and Scheduled Tribes (ST). In these constituencies, only someone who belongs to these categories can stand for election. Arguments for justification of the Concept: 

1. The Constitution makers were worried that in an open electoral competition, certain weaker sections may not stand a good chance to get elected to Lok Sabha and the state legislative Assemblies. 

2. They may not have the required resources, education and contacts to contest and win elections against others. 

3. If the reservation not done, our Parliament and Assemblies would be deprived of the voice of a significant Section of our population. 

 

Question. How did the Supreme Court resolve the dispute arose out of the Government decision to provide job reservation for OBC? 

1. The Supreme Court and the High Courts in India settle disputes arising out of governmental decisions. 

2. Some persons and associations opposed to this order filed a number of cases in the courts. They appealed to the courts to declare the order invalid and stop its implementation. 

3. By a majority, the Supreme Court judges in 1992 declared that this order of the Government of India was valid. At the same time the Supreme Court asked the government to modify its original order. It said that well-to do persons among the backward classes should be excluded from getting the benefit of reservation. 

 

Question. List out the various activities of a Government. 

1. Governing a country involves various such activities; for example, the government is responsible for ensuring security to the citizens and providing facilities for education and health to all. 

2. It collects taxes and spends the money thus raised on administration, defense and developmental programmes. It formulates and implements several welfare schemes