CBSE Class 9 History Forest Society and Colonialism Worksheet Set 02

Q1)      Who was Dietrich Brandis?

Ans:     Dietrich Brandis was a German expert who was invited to give advice on the matters of forest management. He was made the first Inspector General of Forests in India.

Q2)      Why did the people in the forest use bamboo for?

Ans:     Bamboo was used to make excellent fences and is also used to make baskets and umbrellas. 

Q3)      What do forests provide us?

Ans:     Forests provide bamboo, wood for fuel, grass, charcoal, packaging, fruits, flowers, animals, birds and many other things. 

Q4)      Name the plantation for which large areas of India's natural forest were cleared?

Ans:     Large areas of natural forests were cleared to make way for tea, coffee and rubber plantations. 

Q5)      Name the colonial power in Indonesia?

Ans:     Dutch was the colonial power in Indonesia.  

Short Answer 

Q6)      What were the provisions of the Forest Act passed by the Dutch?

Ans:

1. They restricted villagers’ access to forests. 
2. Wood could only be cut for specified purposes like making river boats or constructing houses, and only from specific forests under close supervision.
3. Villagers were punished for grazing cattle in young stands, transporting wood without a permit or travelling on forest roads with horse carts or cattle.

Q7)      What were the consequences of the Bastar Rebellion?

Ans:

Q8)      Why the Kalangs of Java were considered valuable?

Ans:     The Kalangs of Java were a community of skilled forest cutters and shifting cultivators. They were so valuable that in 1755 when the Mataram kingdom of Java split the 6,000 Kalang families were equally divided between the two kingdoms without their expertise it would have been difficult to harvest teak and for the kings to build their palaces. When the Dutch began to gain control over the forests in the 18^th century they tried to make the Kalangs work under them.

Q9)      What was his contribution to forest management of India?

Ans:     

1. Brandis set up the Indian Forest Service in 1864 and helped formulate the Indian Forest Act of 1865. 
2. The Imperial Forest Research Institute was set up at Dehradun in 1906. The system they taught here was called scientific forestry.

Q10)    How did plantation contribute to deforestation in India?

Ans:     Large areas of natural forests were also cleared to make way for tea, coffee and rubber plantations to meet Europe’s growing need for these commodities. The colonial government took over the forests and gave vast areas to European planters at cheap rates. These areas were enclosed and cleared of forests and planted with tea or coffee.