CBSE Class 9 Social Science People As Resource Worksheet Set B

Questions

Question. What do you understand by "people as a resource'?
Answer : It refers to the fact that the human beings are assets for an economy and they are the working capital having different productive skills and abilities. People as a resource contribute to the creation of the National Product. Growing population may be considered as the positive aspect and a factor of production if people work in an efficient manner so that they are able to contribute to the national growth and development. The population of a country becomes human capital when there is an investment made in the form of education, training and medical care.

Question. What is the role of education in human capital formation?
Answer : Education is the most significant element of human resource development. It makes people capable of reading, writing, speaking and understanding.
1. It improves the level of understanding of various important aspects of life.
2. It is helpful in opening new scopes for the people in different fields and provides encouragement.
3. It develops knowledge, skill and value of life.
4. It is helpful in improving human behaviour.
5. It is helpful in enhancing the total productivity of labour.
6. It promotes rational and scientific outlook for the solution of problems faced by the country.

Question. What part does health play in the individual's working life?
Answer : Role of health in human's working life:
Health plays a significant role the same as education. Health doesn’t mean that you don’t have any disease but also it means that favorable condition of physical and mental well-being.
Good health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being. If a person is not healthy then s/he won’t be able to work properly whether the person is educated or not. Because the health of a person helps her/him to realize the potential and the ability to fight illness.
Workers, whose health is not good, fall sick quite often and they cannot do their jobs efficiently. So, for the growth of the economy a person’s health is very important to be good which plays a vital role in human capital formation.
Improvement in the health status of the population has been the priority of the country. National policy is also aimed at improving the accessibility of health care, family welfare and nutritional service with special focus on the underprivileged segment of the population.

Question. What is the difference between economic activities and non-economic activities?
Answer : Economic activities:
1. The activities which are performed for money and results in economic income are called economic activities. These activities add value to the national income.
2. Generally carried out to satisfy human needs.
3. E.g activities that result in monetary gains like mining, forestry, etc.
Non-economic activities:
1. Those activities which are not performed for money and do not result in economic income are called non-economic activities.
2. Generally carried out for gaining social and psychological satisfaction.
3. E.g. social service activities like volunteering in an NGO, charity, etc.

Question. How will you explain the term unemployment?
Answer : Unemployment: Unemployment is that situation when a person wants to work at given wages but due to different causes they are unable to get work. The working population includes people from 15 to 59 years. Boys and girls below the age of 15 years and men and women above the age of 59 are not categorised under working population.
The term employment is further explained with the help of two examples:
1. Willing to work at prevalent wage-rate: Under this, a person will be called unemployed only when he is willing to work at the given wage but cannot find jobs. The person having no will to work and does not get the job will not be termed as unemployed. 
For example, Sakal’s mother Sheela looks after her domestic works and helps her husband in his agriculture. She has no will to work outside her house for any kind of payment, so in this case she won’t be called unemployed.
2. Age under 15 years to 59 years: Roma and Siya are 10 years and 14 years old and their grandfather is 62 years old, so they won’t be categorised under the age group of 15-59. In this way they won’t be called unemployed.

Question.  Why is educated unemployed a peculiar problem in India?
Answer : India faces many problems and one of those problems is the problem of educated unemployment. It has become a very common issue in urban areas, youth with matriculation, graduation and even post-graduation degrees are unable to get a job. This problem has become peculiar in following ways:
1. There has been national investment on training and skill building of the professionals and when they do not get jobs then they can’t contribute to national development. Thus, the investment yields no returns.
2. India is amongst the world leaders when it comes of the numbers of work worthy population. But this advantage transforms into a bane when this population is not able to get employment and becomes a liability on rest of the working population.
3. Surplus of employment is one of the major issues as the number of people who are under disguised unemployment is very high.
4. The increase in the number of educated unemployed population means that the economic activities too are slowed down as these activities would have been providing employment if they were in full pace.

Question. Can you suggest some measures in the education system to mitigate the problem of educated unemployed?
Answer : Following are the measures which may be suggested with regard to education system to reduce the problem of educated unemployed:
1. Education system must be made job oriented and not just for academic purpose.
2. It must be made more practical than theoretical.
3. The student must be made aware and encouraged about self-employment and not being dependent on jobs only.
4. Various innovative methods like interactive course material, smart learning programs etc. can be very helpful in generating interest amongst the students.

Question. Which capital would you consider the best-land, labour, physical capital and human capital? Why?
Answer : Among land, labour, physical capital and human capital, human capital will be considered the best capital because it is an active factor of production whereas all the other three are passive factors of production.
It is the human capital which produces the goods and services by combining the other three factors of production because these three factors will be useless without human capital. But at the same time, we can’t ignore these three factors as all factors are compliments of each other.
The quality of human capital can also be improved by investing in the value adding measures like education. The value off other resources generally depreciates with time but as through time human capital gains experience, thus its value and efficacy increase.