CBSE Class 10 Physics Sources Of Energy Worksheet

Read and download free pdf of CBSE Class 10 Physics Sources Of Energy Worksheet. Students and teachers of Class 10 Physics can get free printable Worksheets for Class 10 Physics in PDF format prepared as per the latest syllabus and examination pattern in your schools. Standard 10 students should practice questions and answers given here for Physics in Grade 10 which will help them to improve your knowledge of all important chapters and its topics. Students should also download free pdf of Class 10 Physics Worksheets prepared by school teachers as per the latest NCERT, CBSE, KVS books and syllabus issued this academic year and solve important problems with solutions on daily basis to get more score in school exams and tests

Worksheet for Class 10 Physics Chapter 14 Sources of Energy

Class 10 Physics students should refer to the following printable worksheet in Pdf for Chapter 14 Sources of Energy in standard 10. This test paper with questions and answers for Grade 10 Physics will be very useful for exams and help you to score good marks

Class 10 Physics Worksheet for Chapter 14 Sources of Energy

 

SOURCE OF ENERGY

Thermal power plants
• Thermal power plants use steam produced by burning fossil fuels (mainly coal) to move the turbines to generate electricity.
• The burning of coal heats up the water and forms steam that is used to run the turbine.
• Usually, Thermal power plants are located near coal or oil fields as it is easier to transmit electricity than transport coal.

Hydropower Plants
Turbines
• A turbine is a rotatory mechanical device that extracts kinetic energy in various forms and converts it into useful work. It uses a dynamo to convert this mechanical energy into electrical energy.
• Various uses of this have been implemented in power plants where the shaft of the dynamo is made to rotate by mechanical means.

Hydropower plants
• Another traditional source of energy is from the kinetic energy of flowing water or harnessing potential energy of water falling from a height.
• The falling/flowing water moves the turbine, which with the help of a dynamo converts mechanical energy into electrical energy.
• Hydropower plants are usually constructed near dams or waterfalls.
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Dams A dam is a barrier that impounds water or underground streams. The water is ejected upon requirement by the power plant to generate hydroelectricity.

Fuels
Biomass
• Biomass is the source of energy derived from living things (organic matter). For a long time, we relied on wood for the source of heat energy. In India, we make fuel out of biowaste such as cow dung due to the availability of a thriving population of livestock.
• When wood is burnt in a limited supply of oxygen and water until volatile materials are removed, the residue left behind is charcoal. Charcoal has good heat generating efficiency. It also burns without flames.
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Bio-gas plant
• In India cow dung, sewage waste, plant matter are decomposed in absence of oxygen to produce biogas. Since it has cow dung it is often termed as gobar gas
• A biogas plant is a dome-like structure built with bricks where cow dung and other biowaste are mixed with water to form a slurry and put into a digester.
• The digester is a sealed chamber with anaerobic bacteria which breaks down the slurry.
• This decomposition process releases gases like methane, CO2, hydrogen sulfide and hydrogen.
• These gases are drawn via pipes which are transmitted to a turbine for the production of electricity.

Wind Energy

Wind energy

• Environment-friendly efficient source of energy.
• Wind is the natural phenomenon caused by pressure differentials due to unequal heating of land and water masses on the surface of the earth. It is harnessed in the form of kinetic energy.

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Windmill
• Wind Energy is harnessed by rotatory structures known as windmills.
• They have huge blades or fans attached very high on a rigid support that is attached to turbines that rotate due to high speeds of wind and generate electricity.
• A single windmill has a low output and therefore, the wind farms are built that comprises of several windmills.

Advantages and limitations of wind energy Advantages: Environment-friendly, efficient, renewable source, with no recurring cost for production of electricity.

Limitations:
• Wind speeds should be constant and > 15 km/h.
• Must have back up storage facilities like cells.
• Requires large land area.
• High initial cost and regular maintenance are required

QUESTIONS BASED ON ABOVE TOPICS:-

Question : The thermal efficiency of a steam power station is….......
Answer : 28%

Question : The height of chimney in a staem power plant is governed by........
Answer : The draught to be produced

Question : What is the source of energy in hydro power plants?
Answer : Flowing water

Question : Explain in brief about the process of formation of electricity from hydro power plants.
Answer : Hydro Power Plants convert kinetic energy of flowing water or potential energy of water at a height into mechanical energy and mechanical energy so produced in converted into electrical energy. Electricity produced from Hydro Power Plants, big and high rise dams are constructed on the river.

Question : What are 5 advantages of hydropower?
Answer : Advantages of Hydroelectric Energy
• 1 Renewable. Hydroelectric energy is renewable. ...
• 2 Green. Generating electricity with hydro energy is not polluting itself. ...
• 3 Reliable. Hydroelectricity is very reliable energy. ...
• 4 Flexible. As previously mentioned, adjusting water flow and output of electricity is easy. ...
• 5 Safe.

Question : Is biogas cheaper than LPG?
Answer : CNG car cylinder shown above can be easily swapped with Biogas (gobar gas) because both are the same thing - METHANE. Biogas is more safer than CNG and 3 times more safer than LPG cylinder. Biogas is the Cheapest and never ending multipurpose fuel.

Question : Is biogas a fossil fuel?
Answer : Biogas is also a hydrocarbon fuel, but generally speaking biogas is not a fossil fuel because it was not mined and captured from a geological deposit. Even if biogas is purified to be almost identical to natural gas it is still not a fossil fuel, but rather renewable methane.

Question : What are the limitations of wind energy ?
Answer : (i) Wind energy farms can be set only at places where wind blows for a greater part of the year.
• (ii) Wind speed should be greater than 15 km/h.
• (iii) Require vast area of land to set up wind farm.
• (iv) Initial cost of establishment of wind farm is very high.

Question : How you can produce electricity from a wind farm?
Answer :

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Question : If energy can neither be created nor destroyed, explain with an example as to why we should worry about our energy crisis?
Answer : Energy comes in different forms and one form can be converted into another form. For example-if we light a candle, the process is highly exothermic so that the chemical energy in the candle changes into heat energy and light energy on burning. The total energy during a physical and chemical process remains the same but we cannot again put together the heat and light generated along with the products of the reaction to get back the chemical energy in the form of wax. Hence, energy, in the usable form, is dissipated to the surroundings in less usable forms. So the sources of energy we use to do work is consumed and cannot be used again.

 

More Question

 
Question : The main component of natural gas is 
a. Carbon monoxide
b. Oxygen
c. Ethene
d. Methane
Answer : D
Explanation: Natural gas is primarily composed of methane, but also contains ethane, propane and heavier hydrocarbons. It also contains small amounts of nitrogen, carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulphide and trace amounts of water. 
 
 
Question : How many number of neutrons are released in a fission of U – 235? 
a. 1.0
b. 3.0
c. 2.0
d. 4.0
Answer : B 
Explanation: A uranium-235 atom absorbs a neutron and fissions into two new atoms (fission fragments), releasing three new neutrons and some binding energy.
 
 
Question : Which is the main constituent of CNG ? 
a. Butane
b. Methane
c. Ethane
d. Propane
Answer : B 
Explanation: Because CNG is made by the compression of natural gas which mainly contains methane gas. So Methane is the main constituent of CNG
 
 
 
Question : Match the following with correct response. 
Table-1
a. 1-A, 2-C, 3-B, 4-D
b. 1-B, 2-D, 3-A, 4-C
c. 1-C, 2-B, 3-D, 4-A
d. 1-D, 2-A, 3-C, 4-B
Answer : C 
Explanation:
i. Nuclear energy is the energy obtained from the nucleus of an atom---the energy released during nuclear fission or fusion, especially when used to generate electricity.
ii. Geothermal energy is the energy present inside the earth's crust- ---Geothermal energy is the heat from the Earth. It's clean and sustainable. Resources of geothermal energy range from the shallow ground to hot water and hot rock found a few miles beneath the Earth's surface, and down even deeper to the extremely high temperatures of molten rock called magma
iii. Fission occurs by breaking of heavy nucleus into two medium sized nuclei---A schematic nuclear fission chain reaction.
1. A uranium- 235 atom absorbs a neutron and fissions into two new atoms (fission fragments), releasing three new neutrons and some binding energy
iv. Nuclear fusion occurs when two light weight nuclei combine to from a big nuclei----nuclear fusion is a reaction in which two or more atomic nuclei come close enough to form one or more different atomic nuclei and subatomic particles (neutrons or protons). The difference in mass
between the products and reactants is manifested as the release of large amounts of energy.
 
 
Question : Which component of sunlight facilitates the drying of clothes? 
a. Ultraviolet light
b. Visible light
c. Infrared light
d. All of these
Answer : C 
Explanation: The clothes are dried by the process of evaporation. Therefore the part of light which helps in heating is infrared part of the sunlight.
 
 

Very Short Answers

 
Question : Name any two conventional sources of energy. 
Answer : Petroleum and Coal are the two conventional sources of energy.
 
Question : Mention the purpose of blackening the interior of a solar cooker. 
Answer :  In a solar cooker, the inside area is painted black because black colour absorbs sun rays and does not reflect back which helps in increasing the inside temperature of the solar cooker rapidly. 
 
Question : Why does acid rain happen? 
Answer :  Acid rain happens because of burning of fossil fuels which release oxides of carbon, nitrogen and sulphur in the atmosphere. These oxides of carbon, nitrogen and sulphur when get mixed up with water form acids like carbonic acid, nitric acid and sulphuric acid which results in the form of acid rains..
 
Question : Name two combustible components of biogas. 
Answer : Methane (CH4) and Hydrogen (H2) are two combustible components of biogas.
 
 

Short Answers

 
Question : A student constructed a box type solar cooker. He found that it did not work efficiently. What could this be due to? Give any four possible mistakes in the construction and operation of the solar cooker. What maximum temperature can ordinarily be reached inside a solar cooker? 
Answer :  He might have done the following mistakes.
i. Interior of the solar cooker is not painted with black colour.
ii. Instead of glass sheet, plastic sheet is used to cover it.
iii. Solar cooker is without insulation.
iv. Black containers have not been used.
Maximum temperature that can be obtained inside a solar cooker is 140oC.
 
 
Question : Expand OTEC. On what principle is it based?
Answer :  OTEC: Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion.
OTEC is based on the temperature gradient between upper and lower layers of the ocean.
There is a difference of 20oC between the upper and lower levels. This is exploited to form energy.
 
Question : Hydrogen compounds are abundantly available on earth and they have a high calorific value but this gas is not commonly used as a domestic fuel. Give any two reasons for this. 
Answer : Hydrogen is not used as a domestic fuel because of following reasons :
i. Hydrogen is highly combustible and is difficult to handle safely. Because of its high combustible nature, it burns with explosion.
ii. It is not easy to store or transport hydrogen from one place to another safely.
 
Question : Name the type of reaction in the sun which produces its energy. List two conditions which are present at the center of sun responsible for this reaction. 
Answer :  The nuclear reactions which take place in the sun are the nuclear fusion reactions.
Conditions for the following reaction are:
1. In these reactions, two small nuclei fuse together to form a bigger nucleus, with evolution of large amount of energy (almost three to four times greater than nuclear fission reaction).
2. These reactions require very high temperatures.
 
 

Long Answers

 
Question : Compare biomass and biogas. 
Answer :  Comparison between Biomass and Biogas as fuel.
Biomass (Wood/Cow dung cakes)
i. It produces too much smoke.
ii. Its calorific value is very low.
iii. Ash is left as residue.
iv. Organic manure gets burnt when cow dung cakes are burnt.
v. Using wood as a fuel requires cutting of tree. Deforestation leads to many problems. Again cow dung cakes burn organic manure. Hence less manure is available to make land fertile.
Biogas
i. It does not produce any smoke.
ii. Its calorific value is very high.
iii. It does not leave any ash.
iv. Organic matter gets enriched as spend slurry.
v. Biogas uses waste biomass. It makes environment neat and clean.  
 
Question : What are hazards of incomplete combustion ? 
Answer :  Hazards of Incomplete combustion : 
Fuels contain a good amount of carbon. When combustion is complete, most of carbon gets converted into harmless carbon dioxide but when combustion is incomplete, the carbon does not burn properly resulting in following hazards :
a. Major portion of carbon gets converted into extremely poisonous carbon monoxide. Carbon monoxide pollutes the atmosphere and causes acute respiratory problems.
b. Sun emits a very large amount of ultraviolet rays which are very harmful to us.
These radiations are stopped by layer of ozone gas (O3) present between 50 to 80 km from earth. thus we are saved from harmful effect of ultraviolet rays. Carbon monoxide produced due to partially burnt carbon combines with ozone and gets converted to carbon dioxide.
CO + O3 →CO2 + O2
This damages ozone layer and hence exposes us to harmful of ultraviolet radiations. If the automobiles are not properly services and tuned, they produce a large amount of partially burnt carbon monoxide. This is the reason as to why the government stresses for periodical pollution tests.
c. During partial combustion some of the unburnt carbon passages into atmosphere in form of soot. There is not only sheer wastage of fuel but also pollutes atmosphere.

 

More Question

Question : What is energy?

Question : What do you mean by ‘source of energy’?

Question : What should be the characteristics of a good source of energy?

Question : Name a few sources of energy used in our daily life.

Question : What are renewable and non-renewable sources of energy? Give examples of each.

Question : Name some of the sources of energy used in ancient times.

Question : Give 2 advantages and 2 disadvantages, each of renewable and non-renewable sources of energy.

Question : What are fossil fuels? Give a few examples.

Question : Name a gaseous fossil fuel.

Question : Which of the following is not derived from solar energy: - geothermal, wind energy, fossil fuels, biomass.

Question : What are the limitations of extracting energy from (a) the wind (b) the waves (c) the tides.

Question : What are the environmental consequences of the increasing demand for energy? What steps would you suggest to reduce energy consumption?

Question : Name two indirect ways of using solar energy.

Question : give the transformation of energy (sequence) taking place in

     (a) Thermal power plant (b) hydro power plant (c) solar cell

Question : Give advantages and disadvantages of constructing dams.

Question : Name the plant and animal products that are used as fuel.

Question : What is biomass?

Question : How do we get charcoal?

Question : What is bio-gas?

Question : What are the advantages of using bio-gas as fuel?

Question : Why is burning of firewood in traditional chulhas considered disadvantageous?

Question : Give the constituents of bio-gas.

Question : What are the advantages of bio-gas over traditional fuels?

Question : Describe the process of bio-gas production in a bio-gas plant.

Question : Name the type of energy possessed by wind.

Question : What is a (a) windmill (b) winds energy farm?

Question : How does a windmill help in generating electricity?

Question : How can wind be sued for lifting or pumping up water?

Question : Give the advantages and disadvantages of using wind as a source of energy.

Question : What should be the minimum wind velocity for a windmill to function?

 

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CBSE Class 10 Science Chapter 14 Sources of Energy Worksheet

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