DK Goel Solutions Class 11 Accountancy Chapter 14 Trial Balance and Errors

Short Answer Question

Question 1. 

Solution  1: According to J.R. Batliboi, "A Trial Balance is a statement, prepared with the debit and credit balances of the Ledger Accounts to test the arithmetical accuracy of the books."

Four Functions of a Trial Balance are:

(i) Ascertain the Arithmetical Accuracy of Ledger Accounts: The Trial Balance enables one to establish whether posting and other accounting processes have been carried out without committing arithmetical errors.

(ii) To Help Prepare the Final Accounts: Financial Statements are prepared from the Trial Balance. Preparation of Financial Statements, therefore, is the second objective of preparing a Trial Balance.

(iii) Summary of Each Account: The Trial Balance offers a summary of the Ledger. The Ledger may have to be referred to only when more details is required in respect of an account.

(iv) To Help in Locating Errors: The Trial Balances helps in locating errors in Book keeping work. It should, however, be borne in mind that it does not disclose all the errors in Book Keeping but only the arithmetical inaccuracies.

Question 2. 

Solution  2: A trial balance may be prepared at any time, at the end of every month, quarter, half-year or year. Generally it is prepared at the end of the accounting period so as to verify the arithmetical accuracy of the ledger accounts before the preparation of final accounts. It may be noted it is always prepared on a particular date and not for a particular period.

Question 3. 

Solution 3:

1. Errors of Principle:- When the accounting principle is violated while recording a transaction is called error of principle. For example, purchase of machinery is debited to Purchase Account, instead of Machinery Account.

2. Errors of Omission:- If a transaction forgotten to record there will be no effect on the trail balance. When a transaction goes unrecorded in both aspects and a transaction after being recorded in the books of primary entry is not at all posted in the ledger. For example, Purchases of Rs. 20,000 omitted to be posted in purchases day book.

3. Error of Amounts in Original Book:- If an invoice for Rs 632 is entered in Sales Book as Rs 623, the Trial Balance will come out correctly, since the debit and credit have been recorded as Rs 623. The arithmetical accuracy is there, but in fact there is an error.

4. Compensating Errors:- If one account in the ledger is debited with Rs 500 less and another account in the ledger is credited Rs 500 less, these errors cancel themselves. That is, one error is neutralized by similar error on the opposite side.

Question 4. 

Solution  4:

1.) Goods sold to Mr. Kumar amounted Rs. 500/- was recorded to the debit side of Mr. Kumar’s account by Rs. 50/-

2.) Mr. X paid Rs. 30,000 to Mr. Y however Mr. Y’s a/c was debited with Rs. 3,000 only.

Question 5. 

Solution  5: If a transaction remains unrecorded in journal or subsidiary books is called error of omission. Example:- Purchases of Rs. 20,000 omitted to be posted in purchases day book.

Question 6. 

Solution  6: When the accounting principle is violated while recording a transaction is called error of principle. Example:

1. Purchase of Machinery is debited to purchase account instead of Machinery Account.

2. Sales of old furniture is credited to sales account instead of furniture account.

Question 7. 

Solution  7: Below are the errors cannot be disclosed by preparing a Trail Balance:-

1. Errors of Omission
2. Errors of Principle
3. Error of Duplication
4. Compensatory errors

Question 8. 

Solution  8: An account in which the difference in the trail balance is put till such time that errors are located and rectified. It facilitates the preparation of financial statement even when the trail balance does not tally.

Question 9.

Solution  9:

Question 10. 

Solution 10:

Question 11. 

Solution 11:

Question 12.

Solution 12:

Errors of Omission:-

(iii) Goods amounting to Rs. 2,000 have been returned to Chakravati, but no entry has been made in the books.

(viii) Goods for Rs. 500 have been taken by the proprietor for his personal use, for which no entry has been passed in the books.

Error of Commission:-

(i) Purchased goods from Bhardwaj on credit for Rs. 600, but were recorded in the purchases book as Rs. 6,000.

(v) Goods sold to suresh for Rs. 650 were recorded as Rs. 560 in the Sales Book.

Compensating Error:-

(iv) An excess debit of Rs. 4,500 has been made in the account of X, whereas Y’s account has been credited by Rs. 5,000 instead of Rs. 500.

Error of Principle:-

(ii) Amount paid for the proprietor’s life insurance premium was debited to ‘General Expenses Account’.

(vi) Typewriter purchased for office use has been debited to purchases Account.

(vii) Wages paid for the construction of Building Rs. 15,000 were recorded in ‘Wages Account’.

Question 13.

Solution 13:

In the above transactions only 1st transaction will affect the trail balance it is error of posting in one account. Transaction 2^nd, 3^rd and 4^th will not affect the trail balance because these are error of principle.

Question 14.

Solution 14:

It is statement prepared with the help of ledger balances at the end of financial year to test the arithmetical accuracy of books of accounts. Balancing of trial balance does not ensure the accuracy of books of accounts. Errors which remain undetected even if trail balance agrees:

Errors of Omission:- If a transaction forgotten to record there will be no effect on the trail balance.

Errors of Commission:- When wrong amount is entered either in journal or subsidiary books.

Compensating Errors:- If the effect of one error is neutralised by the effect of some other error.

Errors of Principle:- When fundamental principle of accountancy is violated while recording a transaction.

Class 11 Accounts Chapter 14 Practical Problems Solutions

Numerical Question

Question 1. 

Solution 1:

Question 2. 

Solution 2:

Question 3. (A)

Solution 3:

Question 3. (B)

Solution 3: (B)

Question 4.

Solution 4:

Point of Knowledge:-

Closing Stock not recorded individual as it has not been accounted yet.

Question 5. 

Solution 5:

Question 6. 

Solution 6:

Question 7. 

Solution 7:

Point of knowledge:-

Here Trail Balance is not matched hence we have to make a Suspense Account by balancing figure. 

Question 8. 

Solution 8:

Question 9.

Solution 9: