CBSE Class 12 History Notes Through the Eyes of Travellers Perceptions of Society

Download CBSE Class 12 History Notes Through the Eyes of Travellers Perceptions of Society in PDF format. All Revision notes for Class 12 History have been designed as per the latest syllabus and updated chapters given in your textbook for History in Class 12. Our teachers have designed these concept notes for the benefit of Class 12 students. You should use these chapter wise notes for revision on daily basis. These study notes can also be used for learning each chapter and its important and difficult topics or revision just before your exams to help you get better scores in upcoming examinations, You can also use Printable notes for Class 12 History for faster revision of difficult topics and get higher rank. After reading these notes also refer to MCQ questions for Class 12 History given on studiestoday

Revision Notes for Class 12 History Theme II Chapter 5 Through the Eyes of Travellers Perceptions of Society

Class 12 History students should refer to the following concepts and notes for Theme II Chapter 5 Through the Eyes of Travellers Perceptions of Society in Class 12. These exam notes for Class 12 History will be very useful for upcoming class tests and examinations and help you to score good marks

Theme II Chapter 5 Through the Eyes of Travellers Perceptions of Society Notes Class 12 History

Through the Eyes of Travellers Perceptions of Society

Key concepts in nutshell

• Al-Biruni was born in Khwarizm in present day Uzbekistan.

• Sultan Mahmud attacked Khawrizm and took Al-Biruni to his capital Ghazni.

• Al-Biruni wrote “Kitab-ul-Hind” also known as “Tahkik-a-Hind”

• Ibn-Battuta’s Travelling account “Rihla” gives a very interesting information of social and cultural life of India.

• Ibn-Battuta’s attacked by bands of robbers several times.

• Whatever Bernier saw in India, compared it with European condition.

• Al-Biruni discussed several “barriers”.

• Ibn-Battuta’s wrote that Indian agriculture was very productive.

• Ibn-Battuta’s was greatly amazed by looking at the postal system.

• Bernier compared India with contemporary Europe.

• Bernier critically wrote his account “Travels in the Mughal empire”.

• Around 15% population in 17th century lived in towns in India.

• Bernier called Mughal cities as “camp town”, which were dependent upon imperial protection for their survival.

• Bernier’s description influenced western theorists like Montesquieu.
 

Question. What is the main factor on which travellers compiled their accounts?
a) All of the above
b) Affairs of Court
c) Religious Issues
d) Architecture

Answer : D

Question. Tarabaad is _____?
a) Is a market place for male and female singers
b) Is the market place for bangles
c) Is a markjet place for musical instruments
d) Is a market place for clothes

Answer : A

Question. Who belongs to Uzbekistan?
a) Francois Bernier
b) Ibn Batuta
c) Al Beruni
d) Huen Tsang

Answer : C

Question. Who wrote ‘Travels in the Mughal Empire’?
a) Francois Bernier
b) Jean Baptiste Tavernier
c) None of these

Answer : A

Question. How many gates were there in Delhi ?
a) 32
b) 20
c) 28
d) 26

Answer : C

Question. Who took Al Beruni to Ghazni ?
a) Nadir Shah
b) Shah Shuja
c) Sultan Mahmud
d) Ahmed Shah Abdali

Answer : C

Question. Indicate which of the following statements is NOT correct.
a) Francois Bernier came to India in the seventeenth century from Portugal
b) Ibn Batuta came to India in the fourteenth century from Morocco
c) Al-Beruni came to India in the eleventh century from Uzbekistan
d) Abdur Razzaq came to India in the fifteenth century from Herat.

Answer : A

Question. The European traveller who visited India and China was ________
a) Antonio Monserrate
b) Francois Bernier
c) Marco Polo
d) Peter Mundy

Answer : C

Question. After how many years did Ibn Batuta return home ?
a) 27
b) 25
c) 30
d) 32

Answer : C

Question. Who wrote the poem The Paan?
a) Al Beruni
b) Ibu Batuta
c) Bernier
d) None of these

Answer : B

Question. Who wrote Rihla?
a) Callin Mckenzie
b) John Marshall
c) Francois Bernier
d) Ibu Batuta

Answer : D

Question. In which century important descriptions of Vijayanagar were given ?
a) 16th
b) 14th
c) 13th
d) 15th

Answer : D

Question. Who was Jean Baptiste Tavernier ?
a) Jeweller
b) Writer
c) Poet
d) Doctor

Answer : A

Question. Who are Ulama ?
a) Scholars of Islamic studies
b) Devotess of Vishnu
c) Muslim sufi saints
d) Devotees of Buddha

Answer : A

Question. Abdur Razzaq Samarqandi belongs to which place ?
a) Herat
b) Mes Aynak
c) Kabul
d) Qandhar

Answer : A

Question. How many years did Ibn Btuta spend in India ?
a) 12
b) 16
c) 15
d) 22

Answer : A

Question. Who are Ulama ?
a) Scholars of Islamic studies
b) Devotess of Vishnu
c) Muslim sufi saints
d) Devotees of Buddha

Answer : A

Question. Choose the correct option:
a) Al-Biruni was greatly influenced by the Indian postal system.
b) According to Ibu-Batuta, crown ownership of land was quite disasterous for farmers
c) Al-Biruni found the Indian cities quite populated)
d) Ibn-Batuta travelled extensively in China)

Answer : B

Question. Who was Jean Baptiste Tavernier ?
a) Jeweller
b) Writer
c) Poet
d) Doctor

Answer : A 

Question. Seydi Ali Reis belongs to ___?
a) Ghazni
b) France
c) Morocco
d) Turkey

Answer : D

Question. Who out of the following arrived in India in the 17th century?
a) Ibu Battuta
b) Antonio Monserrate
c) Francois Bernier
d) Marco Polo

Answer : C 

Question. The travelogue of Abdur Razzaq was written in___
a) 1460s
b) 1540s
c) 1440s
d) 1560s

Answer : C 

 

Question. Name any two travellers who came India during the medieval period (11th to 17th C)?
Answer. 1. Al Biruni (11th Century) from Uzbekistan.
2. Ibn-Battuta (14th Century ) from North western Africa, Morocco.
3. Francois Bernier (17th Century) from France

Question. What was the Al-Biruni’s objective to came India? 
Answer. (1) To help those who want to discuss religious questions with them.
(2) As a repertory of information to those who want to associate with them.

Question. Do you think Al-Biruni depended only on Sanskrit texts for his information and understanding of Indian society?
Answer. Yes, Al-Biruni depended almost exclusively on the work of Brahmanas, often citing passages from the Vedas the Purana, the Bhagavad Gita the works of Patanjali the Manusmriti etc., to provide an understanding of Indian society.

Question. Name the Plants found in India which amazed Ibn-Battuta.
Answer. Coconut – He wrote that the nuts of coconut resembles a man’s head.
Paan – He wrote about Paan that the betel has no fruit and is grown only for the sake of his leaves...

Question. What was the more complex social reality which Bernier’s notice in the Mughal Empire?
Answer. (i) He felt that artisans had not incentive to improve the quality of their manufacturers because profits were appropriated by the state. Thus production was on the verge of decline.
(ii) At the same time, he conceded that vast quantities of the world’s precious metals (gold & silver) flowed into India in exporting manufactures.

Question. What were the “barriers” discussed by Al-Biruni that obstructed him in understanding India?
Answer. Following were the barriers he faced in understanding India –
1. Problems of Language – According to him, Sanskrit was so different from Arabic and Persian that ideas and concept could not be easily translated from one language.
2. Difference of religion beliefs and practices – He was Muslim and his religious beliefs and practices were quit different from India.
3. Self-absorption and insularity of the local population - According to him the third barrier was the isolation policy of the IndiAnswer.

Question. According to Bernier, What were the evils-effects of the crown ownership of land?
Answer. (1) Absence of ownership of land, landholders could not pass on their land to their children. Thus they didn’t take any interest in increasing production.
(2) It prevented the emergence of the “improving” landlords.
(3) It led to the ruination of agriculture.
(4) It brought a continuous decline in the living standard of all sections of society.
(5) It led to the excessive oppression of the peasantry.  

Question. What did Bernier write about the Sati system?
Answer. (i) It was a cruel practice in which the widow was made to sit on the pyre of her husband alive.
(ii) She was forced to be sati.
(iii) The people had no sympathy even for the child widows.
(iv) The cries of the women going to be a sati did not move anyone.
(v) The Brahmans and the elderly women of the house participated in this practice.

Question. Who wrote ‘Kitab-ul-Hind’? Throw light in its main features? 
Answer. The book ‘Kitab-ul-Hind’ was written by Al-Biruni.
Its main features are –
1. It is written in Arabic.
2. Its language is simple and lucid.
3. It is written on the subject such as regional, philosophy, astronomy, social life, laws etc.
4. It is divided into 80 chapters.
5. Each chapter begins with a question and than description have given based in sanskritic traditions.

Question. Analyze the evidence for slavery provided Ibn-Battuta. 
Answer. According to Ibn-Battuta –
1. Slaves like any other commodity, were openly sold in the markets.
2. They were also regularly exchanged as gifts.
3. When Ibn-Battuta reached Sindh, he purchased horses, camels and slaves. He wanted to offer them as gifts to sultan Muhammad Bin Tuglaq.
4. When he reached to Multan, he presented salves and horses with almonds and raisins to the Governor of Multan.
5. Ibna-batuta says that Muhammad bin Tughlaq was so happy with the sermon of a preacher named Nasiruddin that he gave him”ahundred thousand tankas and two hundred slaves.
6. The sultan employed female slaves in his service and also to keep a watch on his nobles.
7. The slaves were also engaged for domestic work. But they were given low wages.
8. Ibn-Battuta found their services particularly indispensable for carrying women and men on palanquins or dola.
9. It appears from Ibn-Battuta’s account that there was considerable differentiations among slaves.
10. Some female slaves in the service of the sultan were experts in music and dance.
11 . Source based Questions

 

THE SYSTEM OF VARNAS 

This is Al-Biruni’s account of the system of varnas :

The highest caste are the Brahmana, of whom the books of the Hindus tell us that they were created from the head of Brahman. And as the Brahman is only another name for the force called nature, and the head is the highest part of the ……body, the Brahmana are the choice part of the whole genus. Therefore, the Hindus consider them as the very best of mankind.
The next caste are the Kshatriya who were created, as they say, from the shoulders and hands of Brahman.
Their degree is not much below that of the Brahmana. After them follow the Vaishya, who were created from the thigh of Brahman. The Sudra who were created from his feet.
Between the latter two classes there is no very great distance. Much, however, as these classes differ from each other, they live together in the same towns and villages, mixed together in the same houses and lodgings.

1. Explain Al-Biruni’s account of the system of varnas.
Answer. (i) According to Al-Biruni, the higher caste are the Brahmana who were created from the head of brahaman. Hindus consider them as the very best of mankind.
The second caste are the Kshatriya who were created from the shoulders and hands of Brahman. They are followed by the vaishya, who are created from the thigh of Brahman. Last caste was the Shudra who were created from his feet.

2. Do you consider this type of division justified? Explain with reasons.
Answer. No, such type of division is not justified because no one is high or low by birth. Men became high or low by his own karma.

3. How was the system not quit rigid in the real life? Explain.
Answer. It is right that this system was not quite rigid in the real life because these castes live together in the same towns and villages, mixed together in the same house and lodgings.

 

ON HORSE AND ON FOOT

This is how Ibn Battuta described the postal system In India the postal system is of two kinds: The horse-post called ‘Uluq’ is run by royal horses stationed at distance of every four miles. The foot-post has three stations permit. It is called ‘dawa’, that is, one third of a mile ….. Now, at every third of a mile there is well populated village, outside which are three pavilions in which sit men with girded loins ready to start. Each of them carries a rod, two cubits in length with copper bells at the top. When the courier starts from the city, he holds the letter in one hand and the rod with its bells on the other; and he runs as fast as he can. When the men in the pavilion hear the ringing of bell they get ready. As soon as the courier reaches them one of them takes the letter from his and runs at the top speed shaking the rod all the while until he reaches the next dawa. And the same process continues till the letter reaches its destination. This foot-person is quicker than the horse-post; and often it is used to transport the fruit of Khurasan which are much desired in India.

(i) Name the two kinds of postal System.
Answer. (i) There were two kinds of postal system – the horse postal system and the postal system on foot.

(ii) Explain how the foot post worked.
Answer. (ii) In the postal service on foot, there were three stages. They were called the Dawa. It was one-third part of a mile. There was a village with dense population at a distance of every three mile. There were three centres outside it. The people used to sit in these centres to start their work. Each one of them had a long rod having copper bells at its top. Whenever a messenger started his journey, he held the letter in one land and this rod with copper bells in the other hand. He would run very fast. The people sitting in the camps at once got ready when they heard the sound of the bell. As soon as the messenger reached the camp, one of the people would take the letter and run away at full speed shaking the rod. This process continued till the letter reached its destination.

(iii) Why does Ibn-Battua think that the postal system in India was efficient?
Answer. (iii) According to Ibn Battuta, The journey from Sindh to Delhi was completed in fifty days. On the other hand, all the information’s given by the detectives reached the king within five days; Ibn Battuta was quite amazed at their efficiency of the detectives reached the king within five days.

(iv) How did the State encourage merchants in the 14th century?
Answer. (iv) In the 14th century, the state took special steps to encourage the traders. For example, all the trade routes had serais and rest houses.

Through the Eyes of Travellers

Please click the link below to download pdf file for CBSE Class XII History - Through the Eyes of Travellers.

Theme I Chapter 01 Bricks, Beads and Bones The Harappan Civilisation
CBSE Class 12 History Notes Bricks Beads And Bones
CBSE Class 12 History Notes Themes in Indian History
Theme I Chapter 02 Kings, Farmers and Towns Early States and Economies
CBSE Class 12 History Notes Kings Farmers and Towns Early States and Economies
Theme I Chapter 03 Kinship, Caste and Class Early Societies
CBSE Class 12 History Notes Kinship Caste And Class In Early Societies
Theme I Chapter 04 Thinkers, Beliefs and Buildings Cultural Developments
CBSE Class 12 History Notes Thinkers Beliefs and Buildings Cultural Developments
Theme II Chapter 05 Through the Eyes of Travellers Perceptions of Society
CBSE Class 12 History Notes Through the Eyes of Travellers Perceptions of Society
Theme II Chapter 06 Bhakti-Sufi Traditions Changes in Religious Beliefs and Devotional Texts
CBSE Class 12 History Notes Bhakti-Sufi Traditions Changes in Religious Beliefs and Devotional Texts
Theme II Chapter 07 An Imperial Capital: Vijayanagara
CBSE Class 12 History Notes An Imperial Capital Vijaynagar Empire
Theme II Chapter 08 Peasants, Zamindars and the State Agrarian Society and the Mughal Empire
CBSE Class 12 History Notes Peasants Zamindars and the State Agrarian Society and the Mughal Empire
Theme II Chapter 09 Kings and Chronicles The Mughal Courts
CBSE Class 12 History Notes Kings and Chronicles The Mughal Courts
Theme III Chapter 10 Colonialism and the Countryside: Exploring Official Archives
CBSE Class 12 History Notes Colonialism and the Countryside: Exploring Official Archives
Theme III Chapter 11 Rebels and the Raj The Revolt of 1857 and its Representations
CBSE Class 12 History Notes Rebels and the Raj The Revolt of 1857 and its Representations
Theme III Chapter 12 Colonial Cities Urbanisation, Planning and Architecture
CBSE Class 12 History Notes Colonial Cities Urbanisation Planning and Architecture
Theme III Chapter 13 Mahatma Gandhi and the Nationalist Movement Civil Disobedience and Beyond
CBSE Class 12 History Notes Mahatma Gandhi And The Nationalist Movement
Theme III Chapter 14 Understanding Partition Politics, Memories, Experiences
CBSE Class 12 History Notes Understanding Partition Politics Memories Experiences
Theme III Chapter 15 Framing the Constitution The Beginning of a New Era
CBSE Class 12 History Notes Framing the Constitution The Beginning of a New Era

More Study Material

CBSE Class 12 History Theme II Chapter 5 Through the Eyes of Travellers Perceptions of Society Notes

We hope you liked the above notes for topic Theme II Chapter 5 Through the Eyes of Travellers Perceptions of Society which has been designed as per the latest syllabus for Class 12 History released by CBSE. Students of Class 12 should download and practice the above notes for Class 12 History regularly. All revision notes have been designed for History by referring to the most important topics which the students should learn to get better marks in examinations. Studiestoday is the best website for Class 12 students to download all latest study material.

Notes for History CBSE Class 12 Theme II Chapter 5 Through the Eyes of Travellers Perceptions of Society

Our team of expert teachers have referred to the NCERT book for Class 12 History to design the History Class 12 notes. If you read the concepts and revision notes for one chapter daily, students will get higher marks in Class 12 exams this year. Daily revision of History course notes and related study material will help you to have a better understanding of all concepts and also clear all your doubts. You can download all Revision notes for Class 12 History also from www.studiestoday.com absolutely free of cost in Pdf format. After reading the notes which have been developed as per the latest books also refer to the NCERT solutions for Class 12 History provided by our teachers

Theme II Chapter 5 Through the Eyes of Travellers Perceptions of Society Notes for History CBSE Class 12

All revision class notes given above for Class 12 History have been developed as per the latest curriculum and books issued for the current academic year. The students of Class 12 can rest assured that the best teachers have designed the notes of History so that you are able to revise the entire syllabus if you download and read them carefully. We have also provided a lot of MCQ questions for Class 12 History in the notes so that you can learn the concepts and also solve questions relating to the topics. All study material for Class 12 History students have been given on studiestoday.

Theme II Chapter 5 Through the Eyes of Travellers Perceptions of Society CBSE Class 12 History Notes

Regular notes reading helps to build a more comprehensive understanding of Theme II Chapter 5 Through the Eyes of Travellers Perceptions of Society concepts. notes play a crucial role in understanding Theme II Chapter 5 Through the Eyes of Travellers Perceptions of Society in CBSE Class 12. Students can download all the notes, worksheets, assignments, and practice papers of the same chapter in Class 12 History in Pdf format. You can print them or read them online on your computer or mobile.

Notes for CBSE History Class 12 Theme II Chapter 5 Through the Eyes of Travellers Perceptions of Society

CBSE Class 12 History latest books have been used for writing the above notes. If you have exams then you should revise all concepts relating to Theme II Chapter 5 Through the Eyes of Travellers Perceptions of Society by taking out a print and keeping them with you. We have also provided a lot of Worksheets for Class 12 History which you can use to further make yourself stronger in History

Where can I download latest CBSE Class 12 History Theme II Chapter 5 Through the Eyes of Travellers Perceptions of Society notes

You can download notes for Class 12 History Theme II Chapter 5 Through the Eyes of Travellers Perceptions of Society for latest academic session from StudiesToday.com

Can I download the Notes for Theme II Chapter 5 Through the Eyes of Travellers Perceptions of Society Class 12 History in Pdf format

Yes, you can click on the link above and download notes PDFs for Class 12 History Theme II Chapter 5 Through the Eyes of Travellers Perceptions of Society which you can use for daily revision

Are the revision notes available for Theme II Chapter 5 Through the Eyes of Travellers Perceptions of Society Class 12 History for the latest CBSE academic session

Yes, the notes issued for Class 12 History Theme II Chapter 5 Through the Eyes of Travellers Perceptions of Society have been made available here for latest CBSE session

How can I download the Theme II Chapter 5 Through the Eyes of Travellers Perceptions of Society Class 12 History Notes pdf

You can easily access the link above and download the Class 12 Notes for History Theme II Chapter 5 Through the Eyes of Travellers Perceptions of Society for each topic in Pdf

Is there any charge for the Class 12 History Theme II Chapter 5 Through the Eyes of Travellers Perceptions of Society notes

There is no charge for the notes for CBSE Class 12 History Theme II Chapter 5 Through the Eyes of Travellers Perceptions of Society, you can download everything free of charge

Which is the best online platform to find notes for Theme II Chapter 5 Through the Eyes of Travellers Perceptions of Society Class 12 History

www.studiestoday.com is the best website from which you can download latest notes for Theme II Chapter 5 Through the Eyes of Travellers Perceptions of Society History Class 12

Where can I find topic-wise notes for Class 12 History Theme II Chapter 5 Through the Eyes of Travellers Perceptions of Society

Come to StudiesToday.com to get best quality topic wise notes for Class 12 History Theme II Chapter 5 Through the Eyes of Travellers Perceptions of Society

Can I get latest Theme II Chapter 5 Through the Eyes of Travellers Perceptions of Society Class 12 History revision notes as per CBSE syllabus

We have provided all notes for each topic of Class 12 History Theme II Chapter 5 Through the Eyes of Travellers Perceptions of Society as per latest CBSE syllabus