CBSE Class 11 Economics Environment and Sustainable Development Assignment Set 03

Question. Which of the following statements highlight the significance of environment?
(a) It offers resources for production
(b) It enhances quality of life
(c) It sustains life
(d) All of the opfions

Answer: D

Question. Which of the following is a component of environment?
(a) Living elements only
(b) Non-living elements only
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) none of the opfions

Answer: C

Question. Which of the following is not considered as an element of environment?
(a) Air
(b) Land
(c) Weather
(d) Electricity

Answer: D

Question. Which of the following is a reason of noise pollution?
(a) Domestic sewerage
(b) Industrial waste
(c) Industrial machines
(d) Emission of gases

Answer: C

Question. Which of the following is a cause of environmental degradation?
(a) Population explosion
(b) Increasing urbanization
(c) Rapid industrialization
(d) All of the opfions

Answer: D

Question. Sustainable development is that development which satisfies the need of:
(a) present generation only
(b) future generation only
(c) both (a) and (b)
(d) none of the opfions

Answer: C

Question. Which of the following is a necessary condition of sustainable development?
(a) Increase in the quality of life
(b) Reduction in the level of pollution
(c) Conservation of the stock of natural capital
(d) All of the opfions

Answer: D

Question. An increase in real income along with equitable distribution is called:
(a) economic growth
(b) economic development
(c) sustainable development
(d) none of the opfions

Answer: B

Question. The basic problem related to environment is:
(a) problem of pollution
(b) problem of excessive exploitation of natural resources
(c) problem of degeneration
(d) both (a) and (b)

Answer: D

Question. Absorptive capacity is defined as :
a) Ability of the environment to absorb degradation
b) Resource generation within the assimilating capacity of the environment
c) Average number of organisms living in a given environment
d) The minimum population surviving in the world as a whole

Answer: A

Question. Which of the following factors contribute to air pollution?
(a) Smoke emitted by industries
(b) Poisonous gases emitted in the process of chemical treatment of the material ls
(c) Emission of gases by motor vehicles
(d) All of the opfions

Answer: D

Question. Industrial waste streaming into the rivers contributes to:
(a) air pollution
(b) water pollution
(c) land pollution
(d) noise pollution

Answer: B

Question. Principal cause of environmental pollution is:
(a) population explosion
(b) rapid industrialization
(c) increased urbanization
(d) All of the opfions

Answer: D

Question. Which of the following is the strategy for sustainable development?
(a) Integrated rural development
(b) Shift to organic farming
(c) Output-efficient technology
(d) Both (a) and (b)

Answer: D

Question. Which of the following statements is correct:
a) Global Warming is entirely a natural phenomenon
b) Global warming is simply an another term form green house effect
c) Global warming is the rise in average temperature at the earth surface
d) Global warming is caused ozone depletion

Answer: C

Question. Correction for environmental damages involves opportunity costs. Explain.
Answer: opportunity cost of correcting the environmental damages is the total monetary and non-monetary sacrifices that an economy has to make.

Question. Explain the supply-demand reversal of environment resources.
Answer: Prior to industrialization, demand for natural resources did not exceed their supply.
Owing to industrial growth there has been experiencing the overuse as well as misuse of natural resources.
Supply of resources has suffered a reversal from abundance to paucity.
Demand on the other hand has reversed from manageable to unmanageable limits.

Question. Sustainable development is a process to be adopted as a daily life activity. Write your observation.
Answer: stop littering
Minimize the emission of smoke
Use public transport
Recycling the waste
Refrain from tree- felling
Not to build house on un authorized areas
Avoid overuse and misuse of resources you have etc.

Question. Challenge of poverty must be addressed prior to the challenge of environmental degradation. State your views.
Answer: poverty leads to tree-felling
Poverty causes the mushrooming of slums
Poverty pushes the population growth rate high etc.

I. Choose the correct alternative.

Question. Which of the following statement is not true for a worker?
(a) A worker contributes to the GDP.
(b) Workers may temporarily abstain from work due to illness.
(c) Self-employed are not workers.
(d) Those who help the main workers are also workers.
Answer: (c)

Question. What is the distribution of the workforce in rural and urban areas?
(a) 75 : 25
(b) 60 : 40
(c) 50 : 50
(d) 40 : 60
Answer: (a)

Question. Which of the following is the correct definition of self-employed?
(a) Not able to find jobs during some months of the year
(b) Own and operate their own enterprises
(c) Receive wages on a regular basis by the employer
(d) Casually engaged in other individuals enterprises
Answer: (b)

Question. What percent of urban workers are casual labourers?
(a) 54 percent
(b) 41 percent
(c) 39 percent
(d) 18 percent
Answer: (d)

Question. Which of the following workers is a regular salaried employee?
(a) Owner of a saloon
(b) Rickshaw puller
(c) Cashier in State Bank of India
(d) Vegetable vendor
Answer: (c)

Question. Which of the following is a primary sector activity?
(a) Mining and Quarrying
(b) Construction
(c) Trade
(d) Transport and Storage
Answer: (a)

Question. What proportion of the urban workforce is engaged in the secondary sector?
(a) Half
(b) One-third
(c) One-fourth
(d) One-fifth
Answer: (b)

Question. What was the average rate of growth of employment during 1950-2010?
(a) 1 percent
(b) 2 percent
(c) 5 percent
(d) 10 percent
Answer: (b)

Question. Which of the following is not a feature of organised sector?
(a) Job Security
(b) Social security benefits
(c) Irregular payment
(d) Fixed working hours
Answer: (c)

Question. Which of the following is not an employment generation programme?
(a) Rural Employment Generation Programme (REGP)
(b) Prime Minister’s Rozgar Yojana (PMRY)
(c) National Food for Work Programme (NFWP)
(d) Valmiki Ambedkar Awas Yojana
Answer: (d)

II. Fill in the blanks with the correct answer.

Question. Economic activities contribute to the ________ of the country.
Answer: GDP

Question. Worker-population ratio analyses the situation of ______ in the country.
Answer: employment

Question. Activities performed by women for the household are not recognized as ______ work.
Answer: productive

Question. Workers who own and operate an enterprise to earn their livelihood are known as ________
Answer: self-employed

Question. Among regular salaried employment, ___________ workers are found to be so engaged in greater proportion.
Answer: male

Question. Enterprises in _______ areas require workers on a regular basis.
Answer: urban

Question. The ________ sector gives employment to about one-third of the urban workforce.
Answer: secondary

Question. ______ sector covers those enterprises or places of work where the terms of employment are regular and therefore, people have assured work.
Answer: Organised

Question. In _______ unemployment, people are not able to find jobs during some months of the year.
Answer: seasonal

Question. NREGA 2005 promises ________ of guaranteed wage employment to all rural households who volunteer to do unskilled manual work.
Answer: 100 days

III. State whether the following statements are true or false.

Question. Workers do not include those who help the main workers in their activities.
Answer: False

Question. Urban people have a variety of employment opportunities.
Answer: True

Question. Self-employed and casual wage labourers are found more in rural areas.
Answer: True

Question. Casual wage work is the major source for both men and women.
Answer: False

Question. In the course of the economic development of a country, workers migrate from rural to urban areas.
Answer: True

Question. There has hardly been any change in the distribution of the workforce across various industries since the 1970s.
Answer: False

Question. The Indian economy has been able to produce more goods and services due to growth in employment opportunities.
Answer: False

Question. Employment is not secure in organised sector.
Answer: False

Question. The Indian government has initiated the modernisation of informal sector enterprises and the provision of social security measures to informal sector workers.
Answer: True

Question. Newly emerging jobs are found mostly in the service sector.
Answer: True

IV. Match the following.

Question.
Column-I
1. Rural unemployment
2. Urban unemployment
3. Participation rate
4. Number of persons unemployed
5. Unemployment due to economic fluctuations

Column-II
(A) Educated unemployment
(B) Cyclical unemployment
(C) Disguised unemployment
(D) \( \frac{\text{Workforce}}{\text{Total population}} \times 100 \)
(E) Labour force – workforce

Answer:
1. Rural unemployment — (C) Disguised unemployment
2. Urban unemployment — (A) Educated unemployment
3. Participation rate — (D) \( \frac{\text{Workforce}}{\text{Total population}} \times 100 \)
4. Number of persons unemployed — (E) Labour force – workforce
5. Unemployment due to economic fluctuations — (B) Cyclical unemployment