CBSE Class 11 Economics Development Experience of India Assignment Set 02

Case Based Questions

“India’s economic growth suffered its worst fall on record in the April-June quarter, with the GDP contracting 23.9%. The coronavirus-related lockdowns mainly weighed on the already declining consumer demand and investment. The numbers are the worst since India started reporting quarterly data in 1996. Barring China, the world’s second-largest economy, all other major economies have felt the negative impact of coronavirus pandemic. In the April-June quarter of 2020, Chinese economy grew by 3.2 per cent.” —— Tuesday, September 1, 2020, Business Today

On the basis of the above paragraph, answer the following questions: –

Question: What kind of difference we can observe regarding the GDP growth rate between India and China during present Pandemic situation?

Question: Why Indian Economy had to face such a great decline in GDP growth rate due to lockdowns while China’s economy is still growing?

Question: As a student of Economics what suggestion you would like to give to boost up the economy of our country? (Write one specific suggestion)

Question: Do you think Pakistan also facing the same situation like India or it is growing like China?
Answer: India suffered a lot than any other country regarding the decline in GDP growth due to sudden lock-down declaration all over the country, while partial lock-down policy was followed by most other countries of the world.

Short Answer Type Questions:-

Question: Although China is the most indebted country in the world, its position is highly satisfactory. Why?
Answer: China’s total debt service rate is one of the lowest in the world due to its massive foreign trade surplus. China’s total debt service rate, that is, percentage of export of goods, service and primary income was nearly 7.62% as against 10.07% for India and as high as 22.8% for Pakistan.

Question: Do you agree with the statement that India has failed to grow as fast as China, because it has failed to check the growth rate of its population? Write your views in brief.
Answer: Owing to unbridled growth of population, the government in India has failed to reduce the BPL population. This has led to a huge expenditure by way of food subsidy, besides the expenditure related to health, housing and education of the BPL population.

Short-Answer type questions:-

Question: China’s rapid industrial growth can be traced back to its reforms in 1978. Do you agree? Elucidate.
Answer: China’s rapid industrial growth is an aggregate outcome of the various economic reforms that were introduced in phases since 1978. In the initial phase, reforms were initiated in agriculture, foreign trade and investment sectors like Commune System, Dual Pricing system, Setting of SEZ etc.

Question: Do you agree with the opinion that structure of growth is more complementary with the GDP growth in China than India?
Answer: Historically, the structure of growth has shown a shift from the predominance of agriculture to the predominance of industry in GDP growth of the country. This is very effective of absorption of surplus labour. While, China’s growth story reveals the process of transformation from Agriculture to industrial sector, India’s structure of growth has been transformed from Agriculture to tertiary sector.

Question: How will you prove that human development is more progressed in China than in India or Pakistan?
Answer:  Analyses a recent years’ dataset of various human development indicators of India, China and Pakistan and compare the progress. In 2020 Human Development Report, HDI Ranking for India is 131, for China is 85 and for Pakistan is 154

Question: Suggest some lessons that India can learn from China.
Answer Learning about promoting agricultural sector, adopting one-child policy, anti-corruption measures, dual pricing system, export promotion policies etc.

Question: Scholars find son preference as a common phenomenon in many developing countries including India, China and Pakistan. Do you find this phenomenon in your family and neighborhoods? Why do people practice discrimination between male and female children? What do you think?
Answer: Yes, because of insecurity for the females, marriage at early ages and dowry system, religious background etc.

Long Answer Questions:-

Question: Give reasons for the slow growth and re-emergence of poverty in Pakistan.
Answer: Greater dependency on the public sector enterprises, traditional agricultural practices, underdeveloped manufacturing sector, increasing dependence on foreign loan, lack of political stability, insufficient foreign investment etc. are some main causes for the slow growth and re-emergence of poverty in Pakistan.] Q.2) The infrastructural reforms introduced by China proved to be successful while Pakistan lagged far behind. Do you agree? Give reasons in support of your answer. Answer:[Hint:- China has promoted commune system for equitable distribution, decentralized planning for effective implementation of reforms, developed small enterprises along with health, education and infrastructure while Pakistan is suffering from lack of uniform reforms and its ineffective implementation, low rate of savings and investment which made it dependent on other countries.

Question: Mention the salient demographic indicators of China, Pakistan and India.
Answer: 

From the current data set comparing among the important demographic indicators like total population, annual growth rate of population, density of population, sex ratio, fertility rate, urbanization it can be said that although China is the largest populated country but its other demographic indicators are stronger than those of both India and Pakistan.

Question: Evaluate the various factors that led to the rapid growth in economic development in China.
Answer:  China’s rapid economic development is an aggregate outcome of the introduction of the reforms in phases since 1978. Various factors like reform in agriculture, foreign trade and investment, commune system, introducing dual pricing system, SEZs etc. led to the rapid growth in the economic development in China

Question: Critically appraise the development strategies of Pakistan.
Answer:  Discussion on advantages and limitations of different development strategies of Pakistan, like mixed economic system, import substitution, green revolution etc.

Answer the following questions:-

Question: Mention some examples of regional and economic groupings.
Answer: SAARC, ASEAN, European Union (EU), G8 etc.

Question: When were reforms introduced in all the three economies?
Answer: Reforms in China were introduced in 1978, in Pakistan in 1988 and India in 1991.

Question: In which country, the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution was introduced?
Answer: China

Question: Name any two indicators of human development.
Answer: i) Life expectancy at birth
ii) Per Capita GDP (PPP) in US $

Question: Name any two indicators of comparative development.
Answer: i) Growth
ii) Human Development

Answer the following questions: –

Question: What type of economic system is followed in China?
Answer: Command economy model. In this model all critical areas of production were brought under state ownership in China.

Question: Give the meaning of infant mortality rate.
Answer: Infant mortality rate refers to number of infants dying before reaching one year of age per 1000 live birth in a year.

Question: Between India and China, which country has higher value of Human Development Index?
Answer: China

Question: Mention the major reason for the low population growth in China.
Answer: Introduction of ‘One Child Policy’

Question: Name the programmer started in China with the aim of industrialization.
Answer: Great leap forward programmer.

Question: Out of China, Pakistan and India, which country has the largest contribution of the service sector to the GDP?
Answer: Pakistan.

Question: Out of India, China and Pakistan, Which country has the highest workforce engaged in agriculture?
Answer: India has the highest workforce (60%) engaged in agriculture.

Question: Name the two areas of development where Pakistan has topped India.
Answer: i) Less percentage of population below poverty line.
ii) Percentage of population having access to improved water sources

Question: Name the two areas of development where India has an edge over Pakistan.
Answer: i) Skilled manpower ii) Per Capita GDP (PPP) in US $.

Question: Define Special Economic Zone (SEZ)?
Answer: It is a geographical region that has economic laws different from a country’s typical economic laws. Usually, the goal is to increase foreign investment.

Fill in the blanks:-

Question: China adopted ____as a model of growth. (statist /socialism)
Answer: Statist

Question: High GDP growth has led to a serious challenge of sustainable development due to the problem of environmental degradation in_ (China/Pakistan).
Answer: China

Question: Owing to slow GDP growth , and consequently the low level of income, _________ economy has moved into a ‘low-income-low-growth’ trap. (India’s/Pakistan’s)
Answer: Pakistan’s

Question: The relative success of China is credited to ________stability in China. (social/political)
Answer: Political

Question: In the strategy of growth of India and Pakistan, ___sector was assigned the secondary role of pushing the process of growth. (public/private)
Answer:  Private

Question:  ______ has established a substantial lead over India in terms of GDP growth and structural transformation. (China/Pakistan)
Answer:  China

Question: The trade-GDP ratio of India is than that of Pakistan (greater/lesser).
Answer:  Greater

Question: ____has shown brighter signs of urbanization. (India/Pakistan)
Answer: Pakistan

Question: One child policy was adopted in China in the year_(1978/1979)
Answer: 1979

Question: Pakistan’s five-year plan is now called the Development Plan. (Long-term/Medium-term).
Answer:  Medium-term

Question: ___ introduced the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution in 1695 in China. (Mao/Sun-jat-sen)
Answer: Mao

Question: In the 1970s, nationalization of capital goods industries took place in_________ (India/Pakistan)
Answer: Pakistan

Question: Lack of (economical/political) freedom and its implications for human rights are major concerns in China.
Answer: Political

Question:  In 1978 (Economic Reforms/ The Great Leap Forward) were initiated in China.
Answer: Economic Reforms

Write True/False

State whether the following statements are True or False:

Question: China relied on ‘outward-looking’ strategy of growth.
Answer: False

Question: Chinese government is battling with the problem of environment degradation.
Answer: True

Question: In China, commune system is related to industry. (True/False)
Answer: False

Question: In India, agricultural reforms have been far less effective than in China.
Answer: True

Question: In terms of sectoral contribution to GDP, Chinese economy is relying more on secondary sector.
Answer: True

Question: With a significant jump in the growth of GDP, the structure of growth has failed to show structural transformation in China.
Answer: False

Question: Regional and global economic groupings are formed to protest against free flow of goods and services between nations.
Answer: False

Question: Pakistan introduced a variety of regulated policy framework for import substitution industrialization.
Answer: True

Fill in the blanks:-

Question: After independence, Pakistan adopted _______model of growth. (mixed-economy/socialist-economy)
Answer: Mixed-economy

Question: China has recently started moving towards a ___ (Democratic/Dictatorship).
Answer: Democratic

Question: People’s Republic of China was established in__________ (1948/1949)
Answer: 1949

Question: In India and Pakistan, the service sector accounts for more than (50/25) per cent of GDP.
Answer: 50

Question: In order to attract foreign investors__________ (ACJs/ SEZs) were set up.
Answer: SEZs

Question: India announced its First Five Year Plan in________ (1951/1956).
Answer: 1951

Question: a) First Five Year Plan of ____ commenced in the year 1956. (Pakistan/China)
Answer: Pakistan

Question:  Maternal mortality rate is high in _. (China/Pakistan)
Answer: Pakistan

Question: Proportion of people below poverty line is more in _.(India/Pakistan)
Answer: India

Question: Reforms in _____ were introduced in 1978. (China/Pakistan)
Answer: China

Write True/False

Question: The Great Leap Forward campaign was launched in Pakistan.
Answer: False. The Great Leap Forward campaign was launched in China.

Question: China has the highest life expectancy.
Answer: True. China has the highest life expectancy of 71.6 years.

Question: In both India and Pakistan, the service sector is emerging as a major player of development.
Answer: True. In the 1980s, India, China and Pakistan employed 17,12 and 27 percent of its workforce in the service sector respectively.

Question: All the three countries China, India and Pakistan relied on public sector as the core sector of the economy.
Answer: True. They all relied on Public Sector

Question: China received financial support from western nations.
Answer: False.

Question: In all the three economies, the industry and service sectors have less proportion of workforce but contribute more in terms of output.
Answer: True.

Question: Economic reforms in Pakistan were different from those undertaken in India.
Answer: False

Question: Availability of cheap labour force has given China a comparative cost advantage.
Answer: True

Question: India and Pakistan adopted similar strategies for social and economic development.
Answer: True

Question: China’s growth is mainly contributed by the industrial sector and India’s growth by service sector.
Answer: True