CBSE Class 8 Social Science Worksheet Set 12

ANSWER IN ONE WORD :

Question. The income that the British government earns –
Answer : Revenue 

Question. Big landowners –
Answer : Zamindars 

Question. Financial and revenue administration –
Answer : Diwani 

Question. A peasant –
Answer : Ryot

Question. A revenue estate ,a group of villages –
Answer : Mahal

TICK THE CORRECT ANSWERS:

Question. Who introduced the Indian Civil Services-
1] Lord Clive
2] Lord Cornwallis
3] Lord Dalhousie
4] Lord Curzon
Answer : [ 2 ]

Question. The supreme court was established by British at –
1] Calcutta
2] Madras
3] Bombay
4] Delhi
Answer : [ 1 ]

Question. The Regulating was passed in-
1] 1771
2] 1774
3] 1772
4] 1773
Answer : [ 4 ]

Question. Who introduced Permanent settlement –
1] Thomas Munro
2] Ashley Eden
3] Lord Cornwallis
4] Holt Mackenzie
Answer : [ 3 ]

FILL IN THE BLANKS :

Question. In British India Bengal , Madras and Bombay were called……………..
Answer : Presidencies 

Question. The ……………was the most important Civil servants in a district.
Answer : collector 

Question. A law commission was appointed to codify India laws in ………….
Answer : 1833

Question. The………service was in-charge of general administration .
Answer : civil 

Question. British official…………………….developed a system of ryotwari.
Answer : Thomas Munro

VERY SHORT QUESTION ANSWERS:

Question. When was the Diwani of Bengal granted to the East India Company?
Answer : The Diwani of Bengal was granted to the British East India Company In 1765 , to Robert Clive by Shah Allam II .

Question. What were the two major systems of indigo cultivation in India?
Answer : The two major systems of indigo cultivation in India were the Nij system and the Ryoti system of cultivation.

Question. What was Permanent settlement ?
Answer : Permanent settlement of Bengal ,was an agreement between the East India Company and Bengal landlords. It was amount of revenue The peasant were expected to pay was fixed permanently ,it was not to be increased ever in future.

Question. Who introduced the mahalwari system and where?
Answer : An Englishman named Holt Mackenzie devised the mahalwari system in the north-western provinces of Bengal presidency in 1822 CE.

Question. Who were called planters ?
Answer : Planters were owners of large estate crop lands called plantations. Most of the planters in India belonged to Britain or Europe.

SHORT QUESTION ANSWERS:

Question. What were the findings of the Indigo commission?
Answer : The Indigo commission was set up to enquire into the system of Indigo production. The commission declared that the planters were unfair and that the farmers were not paid enough for their toil. The commission also stated that in future the farmers could refuse to grow indigo plants and planters have no right to force them.Indigo cultivation was however declared to be non- profitable for ryots.

Question. What was Ryotwari system ,explain the main features of this system ?
Answer : Thomas Munro developed a system ryotwari system where the revenue Was directly collected from the ryots or cultivators, who were actual Cultivators and had been tilling the land for generations.The main feat- ures were, this system tried to eliminate the influence of the interme- diaries,the middle men in the collection of land revenue. It tried to ext- ract revenue directly from the ryots, that is villagers.

LONG OUESTION Answer :

Question. What were the terms of Permanent Settlement ? what problems did it pose ?
Answer : By the term of Permanent settlement ,rajas and taluqdars were recogniz- ed as zamindars . They were asked to collect rent from the peasants and pay revenue to the company. The amount to be paid was fixed permane- ntly . This settlement did create problems , as the company thought this would ensure a regular flow of revenue into the company and at the sa- me time would encourage zamindars to invest in improving land. But it was discovered that zamindars were not investing in the improvement of land, this happened due to high fixed land revenue .Who failed to pay the revenue lost his zamindari. This meant an increase in the income of the zamindars but no gain for the company ,since it had fixed the rev- enue demand permanently .In village this system proved oppressive for the cultivators. The rent they paid to the zamindars was high and the th- eir right on land was insecure .