CBSE Class 7 Geography India In The Eighteenth Century Worksheet

India in 18th Century

Advent of Europeans

Before the beginning of the formal rule of the British in India, number of European powers like Dutch and Portuguese had set-up their establishments in India.

Portuguese

• A sea route from Europe to India via Cape of Good Hope was discovered by Vasco da Gama. He reached the port of Calicut in 1498 where he was received by a Hindu ruler Zamorine.
• They established their trading stations at Calicut, Cannonore and Cochin.
• The first Governor of Portuguese in India was Francisco de Almeida. He was followed by Albuquerque who captured Goa in 1510 from the ruler of Bijapur. Goa thus became the capital of Portuguese in India.
• However, the Portuguese power declined in India by the end of 16th century. They lost Bombay to the British as it was given to Charles II (King of England) as a dowry for marrying a Portuguese Princes.

Dutch

• Dutch East India Company was formed in 1602.
• They set-up their first factory at Masulipatnam in 1605.
• Their other factories were at Pulicat, Chinsura, Patna, Balasore, Nagapattanam, Cochin, Surat, Karikala and Kasimbazar.

English

• The English East India Company was formed by a group of merchants known as Merchant Adventurers in 1599.
• It was granted a royal charter in 1600 by Queen Elizabeth I, to trade in the East. Captain William Hawkins arrived at Jahangir's court in 1609, seeking permission to open factory at Surat. Thus, the English opened their first factory at Surat in 1613.
• In 1615, Sir Thomas Roe came to India as ambassador of James I (King of England) and obtained permission from Jahangir to set-up English factories in different parts of India.
• In South, the company established their first factory at Masulipatnam in 1611. The company got the lease of Madras from a local Raja in 1939 and built a fortified fort there, known as Fort St. George. In 1633, the company established its first factory in East India at Hariharpur (Orissa).
• In 1690, Job Charnock (English official) established a factory at Sutanati and the zamindari of three villages of Sutanati, Kalikata and Govindapur was acquired by the British.
• These villages later grew into the city of Calcutta. In 1700, the company fortified the Calcutta factory into Fort William.
• In 1717, John Surman obtained a farman from Farrukhsiyar which gave large concessions to the company. This farman is called the Magna Carta of the company.

Danish

• The Danish East India Company was formed in 1616. They established settlements at Serampur (Bengal) and Tranquebar (Tamil Nadu).
• They finally sold their settlements to the English in 1845.

French

• The French East India Company was set in 1664, at the instance of a minister, Colbert, in the reign of Louis XIV.
• The French company was created, financed and controlled by the State and it differed from the English company which was a private commercial venture. They established their first factory at Surat in 1668 and at Masulipatnam in 1669.
• The foundation of Pondicherry was laid in 1673 which, afterwards, became its capital. They also developed a factory in Chandernagar.

Battles (18th Century)

Multiple Choice Type Question

Question. Who discovered the sea route from Europe to India via Cape of Good Hope?
(a) Francisco Almeida
(b) Albuquerque
(c) Vasco da Gama
(d) Fransisco Xavier
Answer: (c) Vasco da Gama

Question. Who was the first Governor of Portuguese in India?
(a) Albuquerque
(b) Francisco Almeida
(c) Zamorin
(d) Fransisco Xavier
Answer: (b) Francisco Almeida

Question. When did Portuguese captured Goa?
(a) 1515
(b) 1525
(c) 1510
(d) 1500
Answer: (c) 1510

Question. Which was the 1st Colonial Power to Rule India?
(a) British
(b) Portuguese
(c) Dutch
(d) Danish
Answer: (b) Portuguese

Question. The first factory of Dutch East India Company was in
(a) Pulicat
(b) Chinsura
(c) Surat
(d) Masulipatnam
Answer: (d) Masulipatnam

Question. Royal Charter to English East India Company was granted by
(a) Queen Elizabeth I
(b) King William
(c) Charles II
(d) Queen Elizabeth II
Answer: (a) Queen Elizabeth I

Question. Who came to India as Ambassador of King James I in 1615?
(a) Captain William Hawkins
(b) Sir Thomas Roe
(c) Job Charnock
(d) Zamorin
Answer: (b) Sir Thomas Roe

Question. Which of the following pair is not correctly matched?
(a) Surat : 1613
(b) Masulipatnam : 1611
(c) Hariharpur : 1633
(d) Sutanati : 1678
Answer: (d) Sutanati : 1678

Question. English East India Company was formed by 16 Merchant Adventurers in the year
(a) 1550
(b) 1589
(c) 1580
(d) 1599
Answer: (d) 1599

Question. Fort William is the name given to Fortified city of which place
(a) Calcutta
(b) Goa
(c) Madras
(d) Surat
Answer: (a) Calcutta

Question. Who obtained the Royal Farman which is called as ‘Magna Carta’ of the English company?
(a) Job Charnock
(b) Sir Thomas Roe
(c) John Surman
(d) Captain William
Answer: (c) John Surman

Question. English opened their first factory at
(a) Culcutta
(b) Surat
(c) Goa
(d) Madras
Answer: (b) Surat

Question. The Danish East India Company was formed in
(a) 1616
(b) 1615
(c) 1633
(d) 1609
Answer: (a) 1616

Question. Danish sold their settlement in India to
(a) French
(b) Portuguese
(c) English
(d) Dutch
Answer: (c) English

Question. The French East India Company was set-up in the reign of which king?
(a) Louis IV
(b) Louis XV
(c) Louis XIV
(d) Louis X
Answer: (c) Louis XIV

Question. Who led the foundation of Pondicherry in 1673?
(a) French
(b) English
(c) Dutch
(d) Portuguese
Answer: (a) French

Question. Match the following.

Codes
     A   B   C   D
(a) (i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
(b) (iv) (iii) (ii) (i)
(c) (iii) (ii) (i) (iv)
(d) (ii) (i) (iv) (iii)
Answer: (c) (iii) (ii) (i) (iv)

Question. Which battle was fought between Hector Munro and combined armies of Mir Qasim and Shuja-ud-daulah?
(a) Battle of Swally
(b) Battle of Buxar
(c) Battle of Plassey
(d) Battle of Wandiwash
Answer: (b) Battle of Buxar

Question. Battle of Plassey was fought in
(a) 1746
(b) 1612
(c) 1761
(d) 1757
Answer: (d) 1757

Question. Battle of Madras fought between French East India company and
(a) Dutch
(b) English
(c) French
(d) Danish
Answer: (b) English

Question. After which battle Bengal moved under the hands of the British?
(a) Battle of Plassey
(b) Battle of Buxar
(c) Battle of Madras
(d) Battle of Swally
Answer: (a) Battle of Plassey

INDIA IN THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY

More Question-

I. FILL IN THE BLANKS:

1.Aurangzeb’s successors were called the _____________ .

2.___________ was the Nawab of Bengal.

3. Chin Quilich Khan was appointed the governor of the_______________.

4. Sawai Raja Jai Singh founded the city of _______________.

5. _______________ united the Sikhs living west of the Satluj.

6. _______________ were appointed to collect revenue.

II. NAME THE FOLLOWING:

1. The Persian ruler who invaded India.

2. The Afghan ruler who invaded India between 1748 and 1761.

3. The taxes collected by Shivaji.

4. The organisation that bound the Sikh misls together.

5. The two parties that were involved in the third battle of Panipat.

6. He became the leader of the Sikhs after Guru Govind Singh’s death.

III. CHOOSE THE CORRECT OPTION:

1. Which of the following rulers was not one of the Later Mughals?

a)Aurangzeb b)Bahadur Shah I c)Farukshiyar d)Nadir Shah.

2. The third battle of Panipat was fought in the year

a)1726

b) 1757

c) 1764

d) 1674.

3. The greatest ruler of Bharatpur was

a) Churaman

b) Badan Singh

c) Surajmal

d) Jai Singh.

4. In Bengal, the banking grew very prosperous and politically powerful under

a)Jagat Seth

b) Saadat Khan

c)Asaf Jah

d) Ratan Seth .

IV.MATCH THE FOLLOWING:

COLUMN A                    COLUMN B

i) Saadat khan                 a) was given the title Nizam.

ii) Chinch Quilich Khan     b) invaded India several times.

iii) Nadir Shah                 c) Governor of Awadh.

iv) Ahmad Shah Abdali     d) Chhatrapati.

v) Shivaji                        e)carried away Kohinoor diamond.

vi) Gurmut                      f)will of the guru.

V.GIVE REASONS FOR THE FOLLOWING:

1) Ijaradars were appointed in Awadh.

2) Bankers and Moneylanders became powerful in Bengal and Awadh.

3) The Marathas wers defeated in the third battle of Panipat.

VI. SHOW THE FOLLOWING IN AN OUTLINE MAP OF INDIA:

1) The region ruled by Jats, Sikhs, Rajputs. 2) Nizam’s kingdom.

3) Awadh. 4) Carnatic