NEET Physics Errors in Measurements Significant Figures MCQs

Question. Systematic errors can be
(a) either positive or negative
(b) None of these
(c) negative only
(d) positive only

Answer: A

Question. Random error can be eliminated by
(a) taking large number of observations and then their mean
(b) measuring the quantity with more than one instrument
(c) eliminating the cause
(d) careful observation

Answer: A

Question. The _____ is the error associated with the resolution of the instrument.
(a) least count error
(b) systematic error
(c) parallax error
(d) random error

Answer: A

Question. The smallest value that can be measured by the measuring instrument is called
(a) least count
(b) accuracy
(c) parallax
(d) precision

Answer: A

Question. Which of the following is not a systematic error?
(a) None of these
(b) Personal error
(c) Imperfection in experimental technique
(d) Instrumental error

Answer: A

Question. The _____ is a measure of how closed the measured value is to the true value of quantity.
(a) accuracy
(b) None of these
(c) Precision
(d) Error

Answer: A

Question. Consider the following statements and select the correct option
I. Every measurement by any measuring instrument has some error
II. Every calculated physical quantity that is based on measured values has some error
III. A measurement can have more accuracy but less precision and vice-versa
(a) I, II and III
(b) II and III
(c) I and II

Answer: A

Question. When two quantities are divided, the relative error in the result is given by
(a) the sum of the relative error in the individual quantities
(b) the difference of the relative error in the individual quantities
(c) the quotient of the relative error in the individual quantities
(d) the product of the relative error in the individual quantities

Answer: A

Question. The pitch and the number of circular scale divisions in a screw gauge with least count 0.02 mm are respectively
(a) 1 mm and 50
(b) 1 mm and 100
(c) 0.5 mm and 50
(d) 0.5 mm and 100

Answer: A

Question.  Which of the following statements is/are correct?
I. Change of units does not change the number of significant digits.
II. All the non-zero digits are significant.
III. All the zero between two non-zero digits are significant.
(a) I, II and III
(b) II only
(c) I only
(d) II and III

Answer: A

Question. If L = 2. 331 cm, B = 2.1 cm, then L + B =
(a) 4.4 cm
(b) 4 cm
(c) 4.43 cm
(d) 4.431 cm

Answer: A

Question. What is the correct number of significant figures in 0.0003026?
(a) Four
(b) Seven
(c) Eight
(d) Six

Answer: A

Question. Which of the following is the most accurate?
(a) 200.0 m
(b) 20 × 10¹ m
(c) 0.2 × 10³ m
(d) 2 × 10² m

Answer: A

Question. Error in the measurement of radius of a sphere is 1%. Then error in the measurement of volume is
(a) 1%
(b) 5%
(c) 3%
(d) 8%

Answer: A

Question. The respective number of significant figures for the number 23.023, 0.0003 and 2.1 × 10^–3 are respectively
(a) 5, 1 and 2
(b) 5, 5 and 2
(c) 5, 1 and 5
(d) 4, 4 and 2

Answer: A

Question. Mass of a body is 210 gm and its density is 7.981 g/cm³ what will be its volume, with regard to significant digits?
(a) 26 cm³
(b) 26.3 cm³
(c) 26.312 cm³
(d) 27 cm³

Answer: A

Question.  Which of the following statements is/are correct?
I. 345.726 has six significant figures.
II. 0.004289 has seven singificant figures.
III. 125000 has three significant figures.
IV. 9.0042 has five significant figures.
(a) I, III and IV
(b) I only
(c) II, III and IV
(d) None of these

Answer: A

Question. A wire has a mass 0.3 ± 0.003 g, radius 0.5 ± 0.005 mm and length 6 ± 0.06 cm. The maximum percentage error in the measurement of its density is
(a) 4
(b) 3
(c) 2
(d) 1

Answer: A

Question. The pitch of the screw gauge is 0.5 mm. Its circular scale contains 50 divisions. The least count of the screw gauge is
(a) 0.01 mm
(b) 0.02 mm
(c) 0.025 mm
(d) 0.001 mm

Answer: A

Question.  Two masses M_A and M_B (M_A < M_B) are weighed using same weighing machine. Absolute error and relative error in two measurement are (Assume only systematic errors are involved)
(a) absolute error same for both, relative error greater for M_A and lesser for M_B.
(b) absolute error same for both, relative error greater for M_B and lesser for M_A.
(c) relative error same for both, absolute error greater for M_A and lesser for M_B.
(d) relative error same for both, absolute error greater for M_B and lesser for M_A.

Answer: A

Question. One centimetre on the main scale of a vernier callipers is divided into 10 equal parts. If 10 divisions of vernier coincide with 8 small divisions of the main scale, the least count of vernier callipers is
(a) 0.02 cm
(b) 0.05 cm
(c) 0.005 cm
(d) 0.01 cm

Answer: A

Question. Relative density of a metal may be found with the help of spring balance. In air the spring balance reads (5.00 ± 0.05) N and in water it reads (4.00 ± 0.05) N. Then, the relative density along with the maximum permissible percentage error would be
(a) (5.00 ± 11%)
(b) (5.00 ± 6%)
(c) (5.00 ± 0.05)
(d) (5.00 ± 0.10)

Answer: A

Question. The number of significant figures in a number “1700.00200” is
(a) 9
(b) 10
(c) 7
(d) 3

Answer: A

Question. The internal and external diameter of a hollow cylinder are measured with the help of vernier callipers. Their values are 4.23 ± 0.01 cm and 3.87 ± 0.01 cm respectively. The thickness of the wall of the cylinder is
(a) 0.18 ± 0.02 cm
(b) 0.18 ± 0.01 cm
(c) 0.36 ± 0.02 cm
(d) 0.36 ± 0.01 cm

Answer: A

Question. In a vernier callipers, ten smallest divisions of the vernier scale are equal to nine smallest division on the main scale. If the smallest division on the main scale is half millimeter, then the vernier constant is
(a) 0.05 mm
(b) 0.005 mm
(c) 0.1 mm
(d) 0.5 mm

Answer: A

Question. The heat generated in a circuit is given by Q = I² Rt, where I is current, R is resistance and t is time. If the percentage errors in measuring I, R and t are 2%, 1% and 1% respectively, then the maximum error in measuring heat will be
(a) 6%
(b) 4%
(c) 3%
(d) 2%

Answer: A

Question. A screw gauge has 200 equal divisions marked along the circumference of the disc and one full rotation of the disc advances on the main scale by 0.05 cm. The least count of the screw gauge is
(a) 2.5 ×10^–4 cm
(b) 6.25 × 10^–4 cm
(c) 2.5 × 10^–3 cm
(d) 6.25×10^–3 cm

Answer: A

Question. A physical quantity P is described by the relation P = a^1/2 b² c³ d ^–4. If the relative errors in the measurement of a, b, c and d respectively, are 2%, 1%, 3% and 5%, then the relative error in P will be :
(a) 32%
(b) 25%
(c) 12%
(d) 8%

Answer: A

Question. An atomic clock has an accuracy of 1 part is 10¹⁰. If two such clocks are operated with precision, then after running for 2500 years these will record a difference of nearly.
(a) 8 sec
(b) 5 sec
(c) 10 sec
(d) 1 sec

Answer: A

Question. Resistance of a given wire is obtained by measuring the current flowing in it and the voltage difference applied across it. If the percentage errors in the measurement of the current and the voltage difference are 3% each, then error in the value of resistance of the wire is
(a) 6%
(b) zero
(c) 1%
(d) 3%

Answer: A

Question. Which of the following is most accurate?
(a) A screw gauge of least count 0.001 mm
(b) A screw gauge having pitch 1 mm and 50 divisions on circular scale
(c) A vernier callipers of least count 0.01 mm
(d) Vernier callipers having 20 divisions on the sliding scale (vernier scale) coinciding 19 divisions on the main millimetre scale

Answer: A

Question. ln a simple pendulum experiment, the maximum percentage error in the measurement of length is 2% and that in the observation of the time-period is 3%. Then the maximum percentage error in determination of the acceleration due to gravity g is
(a) 8%
(b) 1%
(c) 6%
(d) 5%

Answer: A