CBSE Class 11 Biology HOTs Plant Kingdom

MCQ Questions for NCERT Class 11 Biology Plant Kingdom

Question. Heterospory and seed habit are often exhibited by a plant possessing
(a) petiole     
(b) ligule
(c) bract       
(d) spathe. 
Answer: B

Question. Which of the following plant kingdom is called amphibians’?
(a) Pteridophyta     
(b) Thallophyta
(c) Tracheophyta     
(d) Bryophyta 
Answer: D

Question. Pteridophytes differ from bryophytes and thallophytes in having
(a) vascular tissues
(b) motile antherozoids
(c) archegonia
(d) alternation of generations.
Answer: A

Question. Pteridophytes differ from mosses/bryophytes in possessing
(a) independent gametophyte
(b) well developed vascular system
(c) archegonia
(d) flagellate spermatozoids. 
Answer: B

Question. Which one of the following is not common between Funaria and Selaginella?
(a) Archegonium         
(b) Embryo
(c) Flagellate sperms     
(d) Roots 
Answer: D

Ques. The plant group that produces spores and embryo but lacks vascular tissues and seeds is
(a) Pteridophyta   
(b) Rhodophyta
(c) Bryophyta       
(d) Phaeophyta. 
Answer: C

Question. Sperms of both Funaria and Pteris were released together near the archegonia of Pteris. Only its sperms enter the archegonia as
(a) Pteris archegonia repel Funaria sperms
(b) Funaria sperms get killed by Pteris sperms
(c) Funaria sperms are less mobile
(d) Pteris archegonia release chemical to attract its sperms. 
Answer: D

Question. Evolutionary important character of Selaginella is
(a) heterosporous nature
(b) rhizophore
(c) strobili
(d) ligule. 
Answer: A

Question. Which of the following statements is correct?
(a) Ovules are not enclosed by ovary wall in gymnosperms.
(b) Selaginella is heterosporous, while Salvinia is homosporous.
(c) Horsetails are gymnosperms.
(d) Stems are usually unbranched in both Cycas and Cedrus. 
Answer: A

Question. Select the mismatch.
(a) Cycas – Dioecious
(b) Salvinia – Heterosporous
(c) Equisetum – Homosporous
(d) Pinus – Dioecious
Answer: D

Question. Conifers are adapted to tolerate extreme environmental conditions because of
(a) broad hardy leaves   
(b) superficial stomata
(c) thick cuticle               
(d) presence of vessels.
Answer: C

Question. Select the correct statement.
(a) Sequoia is one of the tallest trees.
(b) The leaves of gymnosperms are not well adapted to extremes of climate.
(c) Gymnosperms are both homosporous and heterosporous.
(d) Salvinia, Ginkgo and Pinus all are gymnosperms.
Answer: A

Question. In which of the following, gametophyte is not independent free living?
(a) Pteris     
(b) Pinus
(c) Funaria   
(d) Marchantia
Answer: B

Question. Read the following five statements (A to E) and select the option with all correct statements.
A. Mosses and lichens are the first organisms to colonise a bare rock.
B. Selaginella is a homosporous pteridophyte.
C. Coralloid roots in Cycas have VAM.
D. Main plant body in bryophytes is gametophytic, whereas in pteridophytes it is sporophytic.
E. In gymnosperms, male and female gametophytes are present within sporangia located on sporophyte.
(a) A, D and E     
(b) B, C and E
(c) A, C and D     
(d) B, C and D
Answer: A

Question. Which one is a wrong statement?
(a) Haploid endosperm is typical feature of Gymnosperms.
(b) Brown algae have chlorophyll a and c and fucoxanthin.
(c) Archegonia are found in Bryophyta, Pteridophyta and Gymnosperms.
(d) Mucor has biflagellate zoospores.
Answer: D

Question. Read the following statements (A – E) and answer the question which follows them.
(A) In liverworts, mosses and ferns gametophytes are free-living.
(B) Gymnosperms and some ferns are heterosporous.
(C) Sexual reproduction in Fucus, Volvox and Albugo is oogamous.
(D) The sporophyte in liverworts is more elaborate than that in mosses.
(E) Both, Pinus and Marchantia are dioecious.
How many of the above statements are correct?
(a) Three
(b) Four
(c) One
(d) Two 
Answer: A

Question. What is common in all the three, Funaria, Dryopteris and Ginkgo?
(a) Presence of archegonia
(b) Well developed vascular tissues
(c) Independent gametophyte
(d) Independent sporophyte
Answer: A

Question. Which one of the following is a correct statement?
(a) Pteridophyte gametophyte has a protonemal and leafy stage.
(b) In gymnosperms, female gametophyte is freeliving.
(c) Antheridiophores and archegoniophores are present in pteridophytes.
(d) Origin of seed habit can be traced in pteridophytes.
Answer: D

Question. Cycas and Adiantum resemble each other in having
(a) seeds             
(b) motile sperms
(c) cambium       
(d) vessels.
Answer: B

Question. Read the following five statements (A – E) and answer as asked next to them.
(A) In Equisetum, the female gametophyte is retained on the parent sporophyte.
(B) In Ginkgo, male gametophyte is not independent.
(C) The sporophyte in Riccia is more developed than that in Polytrichum.
(D) Sexual reproduction in Volvox is isogamous.
(E) The spores of slime moulds lack cell walls.
How many of the above statements are correct?
(a) Two
(b) Three
(c) Four
(d) One
Answer: D

Question. Which one of the following is a vascular cryptogam?
(a) Ginkgo       
(b) Marchantia
(c) Cedrus       
(d) Equisetum
Answer: D

Question. Like gymnosperms, the angiosperms also exhibit:
(a) Heterospory
(b) Siphonogamy
(c) Seed formation
(d) All of these
Answer: D

Question. Which of the following is not included in ‘Archegoniate’?
(a) Bryophytes
(b) Pteridophytes
(c) Gymnosperms
(d) Angiosperms
Answer: D

Question. Polar nuclei fuse to produce
(a) Diploid secondary nucleus
(b) Zygote
(c) Antipodal cells
(d) Synergids
Answer: A

Question. Angiosperms differ from gymnosperms as they show:
(a) Double fertilization
(b) Triple fusion
(c) Triploid to polyploid endosperms
(d) All of the above
Answer: D

Question. Fusion product of polars is referred to as:
(a) Primary endosperms
(b) Secondary endosperm
(c) Secondary nucleus
(d) Zygote
Answer: C

Question. Seeds are present inside the fruit wall in:
(a) Angiosperms
(b) Gymnosperms
(c) Pteridophytes
(d) Bryophytes
Answer: A

Question. Embryo sac represents:
(a) Megaspore mother cell
(b) Female gametophyte
(c) Megaspore
(d) Microsporangium
Answer: B

Question. The smallest angiospermic flower is:
(a) Wolffia
(b) Ranunculus
(c) Rafflesia
(d) Stellariam
Answer: A

Question. In which of the following features, Cycas resembles with angiosperms?
(a) Presence of vessels
(b) Circinate venation
(c) Dichotomously branched leaves
(d) Pollen tube is the carrier of male gametes
Answer: D

Question. Double fertilization occurs among:
(a) Algae
(b) Bryophytes
(c) Angiosperms
(d) Gymnosperms
Answer: C

Question. The seed coat in both gymnosperms and angiosperms is derived from:
(a) Megaspore
(b) Microspore
(c) Integument of megasporangium or ovule
(d) Microsporangium
Answer: C

Question. In angiosperms, ploidy of embryo sac is:
(a) Diploid
(b) Triploid
(c) Haploid
(d) Both (a) or (c)
Answer: C

Question. Life cycle of gymnosperm is:
(a) Haplontic
(b) Haplo-diplontic
(c) Diplontic
(d) Diplo-haplontic
Answer: C

Question. Seeds of gymnosperms have three generations, that is:
(a) Two sporophytic and one gametophytic generation
(b) Two gametophytic and one sporophytic
(c) All the three sporophytic generations
(d) All the three gametophytic generations
Answer: A

Question. The plant life cycle has both a sporophyte and a gametophyte generation. In the sporophyte stage,
(a) Gametes are produce(d)
(b) Meiosis occurs.
(c) Only mitosis takes place.
(d) Gametophytes form.
Answer: C

Question. All plants exhibit alternation of generations. This means their life cycle:
(a) Includes both haploid and diploid gametes.
(b) Shows only asexual reproduction.
(c) Has both a multicellular haploid stage and a multicellular diploid stage.
(d) Does not include meiosis.
Answer: C

Question. The life cycle of Ectocarpus and Polysiphonia is:
(a) Haplo-diplontic
(b) Haplontic
(c) Diplontic
(c) Both haplontic and diplontic
Answer: A

Question. Find out the incorrect statement.
(a) Fucus, an alga is diplonti(c)
(b) The diploid sporophyte is represented by a dominant, independent, photosynthetic, vascular plant body.
(c) All seed-bearing plants follow diplontic life cycle.
(d) Sporophyte generation is represented only by the three-celled zygote.
Answer: D

Question. Select the option with correct information:

(a) A and B both are homosporous
(b) A and B both are heterosporous
(c) A is homosporous while B is heterosporous
(d) A is heterosporous while B is homosporous
Answer: C

Question. Identify the option with correct set of labellings:

(a) 1 - Microsporangium, 3 - Ovule, 7 - Embryo
(b) 2 - Microspore, 3 - Megaspore, 6 - Male gamete
(c) 4 - Megasporangium, 5 - Pollen grain, 7 - Egg
(d) 2 - Microspore, 4 - Ovule, 5 - Microsporangium
Answer: C

Question. Select the correct statement following the diagram?

(a) A and B belong to same group and have cellulose in their cell wall.
(b) B and D belong to different groups and both have cellulose and pectin in their cell walls.
(c) A and C belong to same group and both have chlorophyll a and b as major photosynthetic pigments.
(d) C and D belong to different groups and both have starch as stored food material.
Answer: C

Question. Select the option which gives correct information regarding.

(a) A green algae and its cell wall possess cellulose, but lacks algin.
(b) A brown algae and its stored material is floridean starch.
(c) A pteridophyte and is having protonema stage in its life cycle.
(d) A moss and the plant body is thalloi(d)
Answer: A

Question. Select the incorrectly labeled one

(a) A - Capsule
(b) B - Foot
(c) C - Main axis
(d) D - Rhizoids
Answer: B

Question. Select the option which represents labeled parts (A, B, C and D) correctly.

      A                 B              C                D
(a) Capsule    Seta          Leaves        Rhizoid
(b) Seta         Rhizoid     Seta            Leaves
(c) Rhizoid     Seta         Leaves         Capsule
(d) Leaves     Rhizoid     Capsule        Seta
Answer: A

Question. Select the option which represents labeled parts (A, B, C and D) correctly.

     A                B               C                D
(a) Strobilus     Node         Branch         Internode
(b) Node         Branch       Internode      Strobilus
(c) Branch       Node         Strobilus        Internode
(d) Branch      Internode    Node            Strobilus
Answer: C

Question. In Funaria, annulus separates:
(a) Apophysis and theca
(b) Theca and operculum
(c) Columella and apophysis
(d) Operculum and apophysis
Answer: B

Question. Heterospory and seed habit are often discussed in relation to a structure called:
(a) Spathe
(b) Bract
(c) Petiole
(d) Ligule
Answer: D

Question. The opening mechanism of sporangium in Dryopteris is effectively operated by:
(a) Annulus only
(b) Stomium only
(c) Annulus and Stomium both
(d) Apical opening
Answer: B

Question. Which of the following has amphiphloic-siphonostele?
(a) Rhizome of Marsilea
(b) Stem of Lycopodium
(c) Rhizome of Pteris
(d) Stem of Equisetum
Answer: A

Question. While entering the neck of a achegonium in fern, sperms show:
(a) Phototaxis
(b) Chemotaxis
(c) Themotaxis
(d) Cyclosis
Answer: B

Question. The winged pollen grains are the characteristic feature of
(a) Cycas
(b) Ephedra
(c) Pinus
(d) Gnetum
Answer: C

Question. Movement of water in transfusion tissue of Cycas leaflet is:
(a) Lateral
(b) To upper side
(c) To lower side
(d) To acropetal
Answer: C

Question. From the pith of stem of Cycas revoluta (sago) is obtained which is used as food article for a patient with stomach disorders because:
(a) It is much tastier
(b) Its nutritive value is very high
(c) It is having adequate amount of starch.
(d) It is a cheap food article.
Answer: C

Question. 200 million years ago, the dominant flora of the earth was of:
(a) Archaebacteria
(b) Mosses and ferns
(c) Gymnosperms
(d) Angiosperms
Answer: C

Question. Brown colour of Phaeophyceae is due to excess of:
(a) Fucoxanthin
(b) Phycoerythrin
(c) Lycopene
(d) Zeaxanthin
Answer: A

Question. Choose the true statement:

(a) A is sporophyte and is independent
(b) A is sporophyte and is dependent on B, which is gametophyte
(c) B is sporophyte and is independent
(d) B is sporophyte and is dependent on A for food, which is gametophyte Combination Round
Answer: B

Question. Match the columns and find out the correct combination:
(a) Apospory                                  1. Development of gametophyte from sporophyte
(b) Apogamy                                  2. Development of sporophyte from gametophyte
(c) Homosporuos Pteridophyte         3. Selaginella
(d) Heterosporous Pteridophyte       4. Pteris
(a) A-2 B-4 C-2 D-1
(b) A-1 B-3 C-4 D-2
(c) A-1 B-2 C-4 D-3
(d) A-1 B-2 C-3 D-4
Answer: C

Question. Match the columns and find out the correct combination:
(a) Chlorophyll a and d      1. Gracilaria
(b) Chlorophyll a and c      2. Dictyota
(c) Chlorophyll a and b      3. Polysiphonia
(d) Phycoerythrin              4. Ulothrix
(a) A-1 B-4 C-2 D-3
(b) A-1 B-3 C-2 D-4
(c) A-3 B-2 C-4 D-1
(d) A-2 B-3 C-4 D-1
Answer: C

Question. Match the columns and find out the correct combination:
(a) Protonema            1. Cedrus
(b) Prothallus             2. Dryopteris
(c) Naked seeded       3. Cocos
(d) Triple fusion         4. Sphagnum
(a) A-4 B-1 C-2 D-3
(b) A-4 B-2 C-1 D-3
(c) A-4 B-2 C-3 D-1
(d) A-2 B-4 C-1 D-3
Answer: B

Question. Match the columns and find out the correct combination:
(a) Homosporous      1. Plants producing are one type of spores
(b) Heterosporous     2. Plants producing are two types of spores
(c) Protandrous        3. Male reproductive organ mature before the female
(d) Protogynous       4. Female reproductive organ mature before the male reproductive organ
(a) A-1 B-2 C-4 D-3
(b) A-1 B-2 C-3 D-4
(c) A-3 B-4 C-2 D-1
(d) A-2 B-1 C-4 D-3
Answer: B

Question. Match the columns and find out the correct combination:
(a) Polytrichum     1. Lycopsida
(b) Selaginella      2. Sphenopsida
(c) Equisetum      3. Moss
(d) Adiantum       4. Pteropsida
(a) A-3 B-1 C-2 D-4
(b) A-3 B-2 C-1 D-4
(c) A-3 B-1 C-4 D-2
(d) A-2 B-1 C-4 D-3
Answer: A

Question. Incorrect statement is:
(a) Rhizome is absent in Equisetum and present in potato.
(b) Rhizophore is present in Ginkgo and absent in Selaginell(a)
(c) Rhizoids are absent in Funaria and present in Pinus.
(d) All of these.
Answer: D

Question. Incorrect statement are:
(a) Since mosses form dense mats on the soil, they reduce the impact of falling rain and prevent soil erosion.
(b) The plant body of bryophytes is more differentiated than that of algae, it is thallus like and prostrate or erect, and attached to the substratum by unicellular or multicellular rhizoids.
(c) Many species of Spirogyra, Vaucheria and Chara are among the 70 species of marine algae used as foo(d)
(d) Majority of the red algae are marine with greater concentrations found in the warmer areas.
E. The common phaeophytes are Polysiphonia,Porphyra, Gracilaria and Gelidium.
F. Bryophytes and pteridophytes, interestingly, exhibit an intermediate condition of life cycle (Haplodiplontic), in which both phases are multicellular but they diffuse in their dominant phases.
(a) C and E
(b) A, B and F
(c) B, C and F
(d) B and D
Answer: A

Question. Which statement cannot be related with Pinus seed dispersal?
(a) It is liberated at three - celled stage by win(d)
(b) Wings are formed by ovuliferous scale epidermis.
(c) Seed dispersal by anemochory.
(d) Seeds are present on adaxial surface of ovuliferous scale.
Answer: A

Question. Select incorrect statement with respect to Cycas female sex organ.
(a) Female sex organ is female cone.
(b) Megasporophyll is laterally placed at the tip of plant.
(c) Ovules are arranged laterally in notches of megasporophyll.
(d) Ovules are not surrounded by ovary wall.
Answer: A

Question. Which statement is not applicable to fertilization in Dryopteris?
(a) Antherozoids are multi-flagellated and spirally coile(d)
(b) At maturity, neck canal cell and ventral canal cells are degenerated forming malic aci(d)
(c) Antheroizoids show chemotropic attraction towards malic aci(d)
(d) After fusion of male and female gamete, diploid oospore is produced inside archegoni(a)
Answer: C

Question. Read the following statements.
(a) Sporophyte is the dominant, photosynthetic, independent phase of the plant.
(b) Highly reduced female gametophyte as embryosac is present in their ovule.
(c) The pollen grains are carried in air currents and directly come in contact with the opening in the ovules.
How many statements are correct for gymnosperms and angiosperms, respectively?
(a) One and Two
(b) Zero and three
(c) Two and two
(d) Three and two
Answer: C

Question. Consider the given statements.
(a) Salvinia is heterosporous terrestrial algae.
(b) The male and female gametophytes do not have an independent free living existence in gymnosperms.
(c) The life cycle of angiosperm is diplonti(c)
(a) All are correct
(b) Only B is correct
(c) Only A is incorrect
(d) A and C are correct
Answer: C

Question. Consider the following statements (A-D) about algae.
(a) Highly variable in form and size.
(b) Commonly asexual reproduction by exogenous motile spores.
(c) Simple, thalloid and largely aquatic organisms.
(d) A few of the marine forms such as kelps, form massive vascular plant bodies.
(a) Only (D) is incorrect
(b) Only (C) is incorrect
(c) (A) & (C) are correct
(d) All statements are correct
Answer: C

Assertion & Reason

Directions: These questions consist of two statements each, printed as Assertion and Reason. While answering these questions, you are required to choose any one of the following four responses.
A. If both Assertion and Reason are True and the Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.
B. If both Assertion and Reason are True but Reason is not a correct explanation of the Assertion.
C. If Assertion is True but the Reason is False.
D. If both Assertion and Reason are False.

Question. Assertion: Mosses reduce the impact of falling rain and prevent soil erosion.
Reason: Mosses from dense mat on the soil.
Answer: A

Question. Assertion: Approach towards seed habit was first time found in Pteridophytes.
Reason: Pteridophyrtes are partially successful land plants.
Answer: B

Question. Assertion: Fruits are not formed in gymnosperm.
Reason: Seeds are shed at very early stage.
Answer: C

Question. Assertion: Bryophytes show alternation of generation.
Reason: Bryophytes have independent gametophyte.
Answer: B

Question. Assertion: Lichen has two partners- a fungus and an alga.
Reason: The lichen thallus is essentially fungal in nature with algal cells embedded.
Answer: A

Question. Assertion: Agar is used in culture medium.
Reason: Agar is obtained from red algae.
Answer: B

Question. Assertion: Early moss gametophyte is protonema stage.
Reason: Late Moss gametophyte is leafy stage.
Answer: B

Question. Assertion: Mosses and lichens are first to colonise bare rocks.
Reason: The lichen stage follow the moss stage and precedes the herbs.
Answer: C

Question. Assertion: Water is not required for fertilization process in ferns.
Reason: Malic acid of archegonial neck attracts atherozoids.
Answer: C

Question. Assertion: Spores in mosses are contained within the capsule.
Reason: Spores are formed by mitotic division in mosses.
Answer: C

Question. Assertion: Stomata are found on the surface of leaves in gymnosperms.
Reason: In gymnosperms, cuticle of leaves is thin.
Answer: D

Question. Assertion: The leaves in gymosperms are well-adapted to withstand extremes of temperature, humidity and wind.
Reason: Unlike bryophytes and pteridophytes in gymnosperms the male and female gametophytes do not have an independent free-living existence.
Answer: B

Question. Assertion: Angiosperms lack flagellated male gametes.
Reason: Sperms are not dependent on water for fertilisation.
Answer: A

Question. Assertion: The seeds of gymnosperms are naked.
Reason: Seed consists of three generations one within the other.
Answer: B

Question. Assertion: Pyrenoids are utilised during starvation.
Reason: Pyrenoids are proteinaceous bodies.
Answer: B

Question. Assertion: In leptosporangiate development, sporangia are formed from single initial.
Reason: Eusporangiate development of sporangia starts from a group of initials.
Answer: B

Question. Assertion: Chlorella could serve as a potential source of food and energy.
Reason: When dried, Chlorella has 15% protein, 45% fat, 10% minerals and vitamins.
Answer: C

Question. Assertion: Fertilisation in Cycas is called zooidosiphanogarny.
Reason: Fertilisation in Cycas takes place by the formation of pollen tube.
Answer: B

Question. Assertion: The life cycle of Funaria is called diplohaplontic.
Reason: In Funaria, there is alterations of haploid gametophytic and diploid sporophytic phases, one becoming parent of the other.
Answer: B

Important Questions for NCERT Class 11 Biology Plant Kingdom

Questions. Why are  bryophytes called the amphibians of the plant kingdom?
Answer : They are found in damp, moist places as they require water for fertilization.

Questions. In which plant will you look for mycorrhiza and coralloid roots?
Answer :Cycas

Questions. The male and female reproductive organs of several pteridophytes and gymnosperms are comparable to floral structures of angiosperms. Make an attempt to compare the reproductive parts in the table given below: 

Answer : a- Flowers b- carpel c- stamen d- seeds

Questions. Give three features that have lead to the dominance of vascular plants?
Answer : 1. Development of deep roots capable of penetrating the soil.
2. Development of water proofing material like cutin on leaves to reduce water loss.
3. Development of strong woody material to anchor and support above ground.