CBSE Class 12 English Note Making Notes Set A

NOTE MAKING

Characteristics of Notes

♦ Short

♦  Include the important information in brief

♦  Logically presented in sequence

♦  Organised appropriately under Heading and Sub Heading.

Mechanics of Note-Making

(a) Use of Abbreviations :

(i) Capitalized first letter of words : UNO, CBSE, NCERT, etc.)

(ii) arithmatic symbols :

(><, ,↑ ↓­ , \ kg., % etc.)

(iii) Commonly used : (in newspapers, magazines etc.)

(sc., govt., Eng., Sans.)

(iv) Invented : First and last few letters of the words with a dot at the end (edul, poln., popn. mfg.).

(b) Proper Indentation

Heading (Title)

1. Sub Heading .................

a. . (Point)

b. . (Point)

c. . (Point)

c.i. . (Sub-point)

c.ii. . (Sub-point)

2. Sub-Heading 

(c) Make use of words and phrases only. Avoid full length sentences.

(d) Give appropriate Title. The title may be given at the starting of notes or before summary which is of 3 marks and should not be more than 1/3 of the passage.s length.

Marking Scheme / Pattern for Note Making and Summarising

1. Notes — Heading / Title         1 Mark

2. Abbreviation / Contraction            1 Mark

(Minimum four)

3. Sub-Headings (Two-three as per the requirement) alongwith 2-3

points. (1½×2) = 3

4. Summary . Content . 02

Expression . 01

(Standard word limit for Sumary is 80 words or around 1/3 of the passage)

Note : In case a student uses his/her invented contraction, he/she is required to provide key for the same as .

prblm. = problem

trp.nt. = transparent

rqd. = required

dprsd. = depressed

* Notes / Points of students may vary from one another but one should ensure that the main ideas/views are covered.

Q. 2. Read the passage given below :
In a very short period of time the internet has had a profound impact on the way we live. Since the Internet was made operational in 1983, it has lowered both the costs of communication and the barriers to creative expression. It has challenged old business models and enabled new ones. It has provided access to information on a scale never before achievable.

It succeeded because we designed it to be flexible and open. These two features have allowed it to accommodate innovation without massive changes to ts infrastructure. An open, borderless and standardized platform means that barriers to entry are low, competition is high, interoperability is assured and innovation is rapid.

The beauty of an open platform is that there are no gatekeepers. For centuries, access to and creation of information was controlled by the few. The internet has changed that --and is rapidly becoming the platform for everyone, by everyone.

Of course, it still has a way to go. Today there are only about 2.3 billion internet users, representing roughly 30% of the world's population. Much of the information that they can access online is in English, but this is changing rapidly.

The technological progress of the internet has also set social change in motion. As with other enabling inventions before it, from the telegraph to television,

some will worry about the effects of broader access to information -- the printing press and the rise in literacy that it effected were, after all, long seen as destabilising. Similar concerns about the internet are occasionally raised, but if we take a long view, I’m confident that its benefits far outweigh the discomforts of learning to integrate it into our lives. The internet and the world wide web are what they are because literally millions of people have made it so. It is a grand collaboration.

It would be foolish not to acknowledge that the openness of the internet has had a price. Security is an increasingly important issue and cannot be ignored.

If there is an area of vital research and development for the internet, this is one of them. I am increasingly confident, however, that techniques and practices exist to make the internet safer and more secure while retaining its essentially open quality.

After working on the internet and its predecessors for over four decades, I'm more optimistic about its promise than I have ever been. We are all free to innovate on the net every day. The internet is a tool of the people, built by the people for the people and it must stay that way.

(a) On the basis of your reading of the above passage make notes on it using recognisable abbreviations (minimum four) wherever necesary.

Use a format you consider appropriate. Supply a suitable title.

(b) Write a summary of the passage in about 80 words. 

PASSAGE 2

A. Read the following passage for note-making.

For many of us, our lives are composed of millions of meaningless moments,

all strung together–perhaps with a sprinkling of sacred moments mixed in. I am sure you can think of a few sacred moments in your own life.

Maybe your marriage, the birth of your child or perhaps a heartfelt moment of connection with good friends. These are the moments when we are consumed with joy and awe. At these moments, we are fully present in the moment. We are–t worrying about tomorrow, or trying to rush through he experience to get to the next. We are in the now, and the now is amazing.

Why do we wait for major events to honour these sacred moments? Why can–t every day be sacred? Every moment? Each moment is sacred, if we decide to make it that way. I stated above that our lives are filled with meaningless moments, but hose moments are meaningless only because we don’t honour them. We are hurrying along, focused on other things, not stopping to notice them at all. They come and go without any acknowledgment from us.

Honoring the sacred means simply choosing to make each moment count. It is a tiny shift in perception that assigns meaning and importance to each moment. It means stopping to notice the beauty and love around us, and within us. It means being fully present in each moment, because only the present moment truly exists.

So many of us worry about the future, hold regrets about the past, and completely ignore the present. When we give the now our full attention even mundane tasks can take on an aura of holiness. Then our lives become millions of meaningful moments. Nothing has changed except our perception, but it makes all the difference.

How do we change our perception to one of sacredness? What does it mean to stay in the present moment? Let’s use an example : washing dishes.

When most of us wash dishes, we hurry through it, often thinking about the million other things we need to get done that day (or the next day). Our minds are scattered all over the place, focusing on everything but what we are doing. Who can blame us? Washing dishes is not the most exciting experience. However, if we choose to make it a sacred experience, we will want to focus on it.

We want to take our time and really pay attention to how the water feels on our hands, how the soap cleanses away the grease and grime, and the sense of satisfaction we get as each dish moves from the dirty pile to the strainer, now clean and shiny.

Maybe that still doesn’t sound very thrilling. Let’s look at what else is happening. As we give our full attention to washing the dishes, we are not only doing, we are being. Ah, that is the key. It doesn’t matter what we’re doing or not doing in each moment of our lives, It matters only that we become aware of our own state of Being. In those moments, we are fully alive and conscious. We are connected to everything, and we are one with everything. We are.

Have you ever embarked on a walking meditation? This can be great practice to help you honour the sacred in your own life. Many of us walk for health or recreation, but we can also walk for spiritual awareness. A walking meditation is a slow. Focused walk where you give your full attention to each step you take, the feel of your muscles working, your breathing, and even your surroundings.

Especially if you walk someplace in nature, a place with lots of trees and wildlife. The trick is to not let your mind wander, but stay focused on the now.

It can take practice, but once you accomplish it, you will return from your walks fully refresh and revitalised.

(a) On the basis of your reading of the above passage make notes on it usingrecognizable abbreviations (minimum 4) wherever necessary. Use a format you consider appropriate Supply a suitable Title. 

(b) Write a summary of the passage in about 80 words.

PASSAGE 3

Excessive use of plastic bags and their unregulated disposal has been choking lakes, ponds and urban sewage systems, the Supreme Court said on Monday while warning that it posed a threat more serious than the atom bomb for the next generation.

This observation from a bench of Justices GS Singhvi and S J Mukhopadhaya came on a PIL filed by two Andhra Pradesh-based NGOs drawing the court's attention to 30-60 kg of plastic bags recovered from the stomachs of cows because of irresponsible disposal of plastic bags and defunct municipal waste collection system.

The court issued notice to the Centre and state governments on the PIL seeking ban on use of plastic bags in municipal areas which did not have a prompt garbage collection, segregation and disposal system. The NGOs said absence of a proper system allowed cows to rummage through garbage bins and eat foodstuff disposed of in plastic bags, which get stuck in their stomach.

"Apart from the plastic choking the digestive system of the plastic residues enter the human food chain through dairy and animal products," he added.

But the bench wanted to address the larger questions arising from indiscriminate use of plastic bags, which not only posed a grave threat to nature and environment but also to the human race itself. It suggested that the petitioner make the manufacturers and a television channel, which has been running a campaign against use of plastic, parties to the PIL for a wider scrutiny of the important issue.

’We want to expand the scope of this petition. Unless we examine a total ban on plastic bags or put in place a system for manufactuers mandating them to collect back all plastic bags, the next generation will be threatened with something more serious than the atom bomb,’ the bench said. The court also drew the petitioner’s attention to large quantities of water packed in plastic pouches, which were thrown around in undisciplined manner across the country every day, ’A rough estimate shows more than 100 million water pouches are thrownaway,’ the bench said.

(a) On the basis of your reading of the above passage make notes on it using recognizable abbreviations (Minimum four) wherever necessary. Use a format you consider appropriate. Supply a suitable title. 

(b) Write a summary of the passage in about 80 words

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