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These NCERT Solutions for Class 12 English are free, and checked by our teachers. Made for 2026-27, they walk you through each step, so you're ready for your 2026 exams.
What Makes These Class 12 English Solutions Useful
- Written for exams: answers are shaped to help you score well in 2026 exams, following the official marking style.
- Nothing skipped: all chapter-end questions are solved here, start to finish.
- Matches the syllabus: solved as per the latest 2026-27 NCERT textbook, for Class 12 English.
- Step-by-step help: hard topics and tough questions are broken down clearly, so ideas are easy to follow.
Chapter-Wise Class 12 English Solutions PDF (2026-27)
Choose a chapter below to see the complete NCERT solutions for Class 12 English. Start with any chapter you like to begin your 2026 exam prep.
| Chapter 01 Flamingo The Last Lesson NCERT Solutions |
| Chapter 02 Flamingo The Last Lesson NCERT Solutions |
| Chapter 03 Flamingo Deep Water NCERT Solutions |
| Chapter 04 Flamingo The Rattrap NCERT Solutions |
| Chapter 05 Flamingo Indigo NCERT Solutions |
| Chapter 06 Flamingo Poets and Pancakes NCERT Solutions |
| Chapter 07 Flamingo The Interview NCERT Solutions |
| Chapter 08 Flamingo Going Places NCERT Solutions |
| Chapter 01 Flamingo Poetry My Mother at Sixty Six NCERT Solutions |
| Chapter 02 Flamingo Poetry Keeping Quiet NCERT Solutions |
| Chapter 03 Flamingo Poetry A Thing of Beauty NCERT Solutions |
| Chapter 04 Flamingo Poetry A Roadside Stand NCERT Solutions |
| Chapter 05 Flamingo Poetry Aunts Jeniffer Tigers NCERT Solutions |
| Kaleidoscope Drama Chapter 01 Chandalika NCERT Solutions |
| Kaleidoscope Drama Chapter 02 Broken Images NCERT Solutions |
| Kaleidoscope Non Fiction Chapter 01 Freedom NCERT Solutions |
| Kaleidoscope Non Fiction Chapter 02 The Mark on the Wall NCERT Solutions |
| Kaleidoscope Non Fiction Chapter 03 Film-making NCERT Solutions |
| Kaleidoscope Non Fiction Chapter 04 Why the Novel Matters NCERT Solutions |
| Kaleidoscope Non Fiction Chapter 05 The Argumentative Indian NCERT Solutions |
| Kaleidoscope Non Fiction Chapter 06 On Science Fiction NCERT Solutions |
| Kaleidoscope Poetry Chapter 01 A Lecture Upon the Shadow NCERT Solutions |
| Kaleidoscope Poetry Chapter 02 Poems by Milton NCERT Solutions |
| Kaleidoscope Poetry Chapter 03 Poems by Blake NCERT Solutions |
| Kaleidoscope Poetry Chapter 04 Kubla Khan NCERT Solutions |
| Kaleidoscope Poetry Chapter 05 Trees NCERT Solutions |
| Kaleidoscope Poetry Chapter 06 The Wild Swans at Coole NCERT Solutions |
| Kaleidoscope Poetry Chapter 07 Time and Time Again NCERT Solutions |
| Kaleidoscope Poetry Chapter 08 Blood NCERT Solutions |
| Kaleidoscope Short Stories Chapter 01 I Sell my Dreams NCERT Solutions |
| Kaleidoscope Short Stories Chapter 02 Eveline NCERT Solutions |
| Kaleidoscope Short Stories Chapter 03 A Wedding in Brownsville NCERT Solutions |
| Kaleidoscope Short Stories Chapter 04 Tomorrow NCERT Solutions |
| Kaleidoscope Short Stories Chapter 05 One Centimetre NCERT Solutions |
| Chapter 01 Vistas The Third Level NCERT Solutions |
| Chapter 02 Vistas The Tiger King NCERT Solutions |
| Chapter 03 Vistas Journey to the End of the Earth NCERT Solutions |
| Chapter 04 Vistas The Enemy NCERT Solutions |
| Chapter 05 Vistas On The Face Of It NCERT Solutions |
| Chapter 06 Vistas Memories of Childhood NCERT Solutions |
Free study material for English
Class 12 English Core - Marks Weightage (2026-27)
Official CBSE weightage breakdown for the 80-mark annual board exam paper. Source: CBSE Curriculum.
| Section - Question Paper Sections | Marks |
|---|---|
| Section A: Reading Skills (Unseen Passages) | 20 |
| Section B: Creative Writing Skills | 16 |
| Section - Question Paper Sections | Marks |
|---|---|
| Section C: Literature Textbook (Flamingo & Vistas) | 40 |
| Theory Total | 80 |
Internal assessment / listening and speaking skills carry an additional 20 marks.
Core Curriculum Periods - Class 12 English
Suggested teaching periods as per NCERT syllabus guidelines for comprehensive coverage.
Preview a Solved Question From Each English Chapter
Expand to see a key conceptual problem and solution preview, or jump directly to the chapter section above.
Flamingo - Ch 01 The Last Lesson
Q. What was Franz expected to be prepared for with school that morning?
Franz was dreading school that morning because he had not prepared his lesson on participles, and M. Hamel (the teacher) had announced he would question them on participles, which Franz knew nothing about. Furthermore, an order had come from Berlin that only German would be taught in the schools of Alsace and Lorraine.
Jump to Chapter 1 section
Franz was dreading school that morning because he had not prepared his lesson on participles, and M. Hamel (the teacher) had announced he would question them on participles, which Franz knew nothing about. Furthermore, an order had come from Berlin that only German would be taught in the schools of Alsace and Lorraine.
Jump to Chapter 1 section
Flamingo - Ch 02 Lost Spring
Q. What makes working in the glass bangles industry of Firozabad perilous for children?
Children work in dingy cells without air and light, near hot furnaces, welding glass pieces. This hazardous environment severely impairs their vision, ruins their health, and traps their families in a perpetual cycle of poverty and debt.
Jump to Chapter 2 section
Children work in dingy cells without air and light, near hot furnaces, welding glass pieces. This hazardous environment severely impairs their vision, ruins their health, and traps their families in a perpetual cycle of poverty and debt.
Jump to Chapter 2 section
Flamingo - Ch 03 Deep Water
Q. How did William Douglas develop an aversion to water?
His aversion started at age three or four when sea waves knocked him down at a California beach, burying him underwater. The terror returned intensely when a big bully threw him into the deep end of the YMCA pool, nearly drowning him.
Jump to Chapter 3 section
His aversion started at age three or four when sea waves knocked him down at a California beach, burying him underwater. The terror returned intensely when a big bully threw him into the deep end of the YMCA pool, nearly drowning him.
Jump to Chapter 3 section
Flamingo - Ch 04 The Rattrap
Q. Why did the peddler sign himself as Captain von Stahle?
Edla Willmansson treated the vagabond peddler with kindness, respect, and dignity, which transformed his bitter heart. Signing as Captain von Stahle was his way of honoring her trust, proving that he had risen above his past life as a petty thief trapped in the world's rattrap.
Jump to Chapter 4 section
Edla Willmansson treated the vagabond peddler with kindness, respect, and dignity, which transformed his bitter heart. Signing as Captain von Stahle was his way of honoring her trust, proving that he had risen above his past life as a petty thief trapped in the world's rattrap.
Jump to Chapter 4 section
Flamingo - Ch 05 Indigo
Q. Why is the Champaran episode considered to be a turning point in Gandhi's life?
It was a clear declaration that British authority could not order Indians about in their own country. It successfully liberated sharecroppers from exploitative landlord systems and proved that non-violent civil disobedience could achieve justice.
Jump to Chapter 5 section
It was a clear declaration that British authority could not order Indians about in their own country. It successfully liberated sharecroppers from exploitative landlord systems and proved that non-violent civil disobedience could achieve justice.
Jump to Chapter 5 section
Flamingo - Ch 06 Poets and Pancakes
Q. What does the writer mean by 'the fiery misery' of those subjected to makeup?
It refers to the intense heat generated by large incandescent lights in the makeup room of Gemini Studios, which caused enormous discomfort and misery to the actors who had to sit through heavy pancake makeup application.
Jump to Chapter 6 section
It refers to the intense heat generated by large incandescent lights in the makeup room of Gemini Studios, which caused enormous discomfort and misery to the actors who had to sit through heavy pancake makeup application.
Jump to Chapter 6 section
Flamingo - Ch 07 The Interview
Q. What are some of the positive views on interviews?
Interviews are seen as a supremely serviceable medium of communication, a reliable source of truth, and an art form that offers vivid impressions of contemporaries through insights provided by notable figures.
Jump to Chapter 7 section
Interviews are seen as a supremely serviceable medium of communication, a reliable source of truth, and an art form that offers vivid impressions of contemporaries through insights provided by notable figures.
Jump to Chapter 7 section
Flamingo - Ch 08 Going Places
Q. What is Sophie's dream and how does her friend Jansie view it?
Sophie dreams of owning a boutique, becoming an actress, or a fashion designer—escaping her working-class reality into a glamorous fantasy world. Jansie, being grounded and practical, tries to remind her of their modest socioeconomic background and realistic future prospects.
Jump to Chapter 8 section
Sophie dreams of owning a boutique, becoming an actress, or a fashion designer—escaping her working-class reality into a glamorous fantasy world. Jansie, being grounded and practical, tries to remind her of their modest socioeconomic background and realistic future prospects.
Jump to Chapter 8 section
Flamingo Poetry - Ch 01 My Mother at Sixty Six
Q. What is the kind of pain and ache that the poet feels?
The poet feels the agonizing pain of her mother's aging and the deep-seated childhood fear of losing her mother to death or permanent separation.
Jump to Chapter 9 section
The poet feels the agonizing pain of her mother's aging and the deep-seated childhood fear of losing her mother to death or permanent separation.
Jump to Chapter 9 section
Flamingo Poetry - Ch 02 Keeping Quiet
Q. What does the poet mean by 'exotic moment'? Why would it be an exotic moment?
An "exotic moment" refers to a rare moment of total silence, stillness, and introspection where humanity pauses all destructive activities (wars, pollution, rush), fostering a sudden sense of universal brotherhood and peace.
Jump to Chapter 10 section
An "exotic moment" refers to a rare moment of total silence, stillness, and introspection where humanity pauses all destructive activities (wars, pollution, rush), fostering a sudden sense of universal brotherhood and peace.
Jump to Chapter 10 section
Flamingo Poetry - Ch 03 A Thing of Beauty
Q. How does a thing of beauty provide us eternal joy?
A thing of beauty is a constant source of pleasure whose loveliness increases over time; it never passes into nothingness and leaves a permanent soothing imprint on our minds, acting like an endless fountain of immortal drink.
Jump to Chapter 11 section
A thing of beauty is a constant source of pleasure whose loveliness increases over time; it never passes into nothingness and leaves a permanent soothing imprint on our minds, acting like an endless fountain of immortal drink.
Jump to Chapter 11 section
Flamingo Poetry - Ch 04 A RoadSide Stand
Q. What is the central theme of the poem 'A Roadside Stand'?
The poem highlights the glaring economic disparity and social divide between the rich city dwellers and the impoverished rural folk, criticizing the hollow promises of development made to the rural poor.
Jump to Chapter 12 section
The poem highlights the glaring economic disparity and social divide between the rich city dwellers and the impoverished rural folk, criticizing the hollow promises of development made to the rural poor.
Jump to Chapter 12 section
Flamingo Poetry - Ch 05 Aunt Jennifer's Tigers
Q. What are the ordeals that Aunt Jennifer is surrounded by?
Aunt Jennifer is trapped in a deeply oppressive, patriarchal marriage, burdened by the heavy psychological weight and constraints of her domestic life symbolized by the "wedding band."
Jump to Chapter 13 section
Aunt Jennifer is trapped in a deeply oppressive, patriarchal marriage, burdened by the heavy psychological weight and constraints of her domestic life symbolized by the "wedding band."
Jump to Chapter 13 section
Kaleidoscope Drama - Ch 01 Chandalika
Q. What is the central theme explored in Rabindranath Tagore's play 'Chandalika'?
It explores social discrimination, untouchability, human dignity, and the transformative power of unconditional love and spiritual awakening over superficial societal hierarchies.
Jump to Chapter 14 section
It explores social discrimination, untouchability, human dignity, and the transformative power of unconditional love and spiritual awakening over superficial societal hierarchies.
Jump to Chapter 14 section
Kaleidoscope Drama - Ch 02 Broken Images
Q. What core dilemma does Girish Karnad address in 'Broken Images'?
It addresses the conflict of identity, linguistic choices (writing in regional languages vs. English), and the internal duality and fragmentation of the modern intellectual persona.
Jump to Chapter 15 section
It addresses the conflict of identity, linguistic choices (writing in regional languages vs. English), and the internal duality and fragmentation of the modern intellectual persona.
Jump to Chapter 15 section
Kaleidoscope Non Fiction - Ch 01 Freedom
Q. How does the author define true freedom in the essay 'Freedom'?
True freedom involves intellectual emancipation, liberation from dogmatic societal constraints, and the individual's capacity for independent moral choice and rational inquiry.
Jump to Chapter 16 section
True freedom involves intellectual emancipation, liberation from dogmatic societal constraints, and the individual's capacity for independent moral choice and rational inquiry.
Jump to Chapter 16 section
Kaleidoscope Non Fiction - Ch 02 The Mark on the Wall
Q. What stylistic technique does Virginia Woolf use in 'The Mark on the Wall'?
Woolf employs the **stream of consciousness** technique, tracing the narrator's uninhibited flow of thoughts, memories, and philosophical musings triggered by a simple mark on the wall.
Jump to Chapter 17 section
Woolf employs the **stream of consciousness** technique, tracing the narrator's uninhibited flow of thoughts, memories, and philosophical musings triggered by a simple mark on the wall.
Jump to Chapter 17 section
Kaleidoscope Non Fiction - Ch 03 Film-making
Q. What perspective does Satyajit Ray offer on film-making as an art form?
Ray emphasizes that film-making is a synthesis of multiple art forms where simplicity, realism, and a deep understanding of human nature are more powerful than technical gimmickry.
Jump to Chapter 18 section
Ray emphasizes that film-making is a synthesis of multiple art forms where simplicity, realism, and a deep understanding of human nature are more powerful than technical gimmickry.
Jump to Chapter 18 section
Kaleidoscope Non Fiction - Ch 04 Why the Novel Matters
Q. Why does D.H. Lawrence consider the novel superior to philosophy or science?
Lawrence argues that the novel captures the vibrant, living complexity of human relationships and emotional truth in its totality, whereas science and philosophy reduce life to rigid abstractions.
Jump to Chapter 19 section
Lawrence argues that the novel captures the vibrant, living complexity of human relationships and emotional truth in its totality, whereas science and philosophy reduce life to rigid abstractions.
Jump to Chapter 19 section
Kaleidoscope Non Fiction - Ch 05 The Argumentative Indian
Q. What is Amartya Sen's central thesis regarding India's intellectual tradition?
Sen highlights India's long-standing historical tradition of public debate, heterogeneity, skepticism, and argumentative discourse across diverse philosophical and political tracks.
Jump to Chapter 20 section
Sen highlights India's long-standing historical tradition of public debate, heterogeneity, skepticism, and argumentative discourse across diverse philosophical and political tracks.
Jump to Chapter 20 section
Kaleidoscope Non Fiction - Ch 06 On Science Fiction
Q. What role does science fiction play in examining societal issues?
Science fiction uses speculative settings and technological projections as a mirror to explore contemporary human dilemmas, moral choices, and the future consequences of scientific advancements.
Jump to Chapter 21 section
Science fiction uses speculative settings and technological projections as a mirror to explore contemporary human dilemmas, moral choices, and the future consequences of scientific advancements.
Jump to Chapter 21 section
Kaleidoscope Poetry - Ch 01-08 Selected Poems (Milton, Blake, Coleridge, etc.)
Q. What broad thematic explorations characterize the Kaleidoscope poetry selection?
The collection spans metaphysical reflections (John Donne's *A Lecture Upon the Shadow*), visionary romanticism (Blake, Coleridge's *Kubla Khan*), nature, time, and human mortality (*The Wild Swans at Coole*, *Blood*).
Jump to Kaleidoscope Poetry section
The collection spans metaphysical reflections (John Donne's *A Lecture Upon the Shadow*), visionary romanticism (Blake, Coleridge's *Kubla Khan*), nature, time, and human mortality (*The Wild Swans at Coole*, *Blood*).
Jump to Kaleidoscope Poetry section
Kaleidoscope Stories - Ch 01-05 Masterpiece Short Stories (García Márquez, Joyce, etc.)
Q. What core human emotions are examined in stories like 'Eveline' and 'I Sell My Dreams'?
These stories explore paralysis of choice, nostalgia, cultural alienation, unfulfilled dreams, and the bittersweet complexities of human destiny across different world cultures.
Jump to Kaleidoscope Short Stories section
These stories explore paralysis of choice, nostalgia, cultural alienation, unfulfilled dreams, and the bittersweet complexities of human destiny across different world cultures.
Jump to Kaleidoscope Short Stories section
Vistas - Ch 01 The Third Level
Q. What is the 'third level' at Grand Central Station according to Charley?
Charley claimed there was a third level at Grand Central Station (though trains only ran on two) that served as a portal to the year 1894—a peaceful, secure era untouched by the harsh anxieties and wars of the modern world.
Jump to Vistas Chapter 1 section
Charley claimed there was a third level at Grand Central Station (though trains only ran on two) that served as a portal to the year 1894—a peaceful, secure era untouched by the harsh anxieties and wars of the modern world.
Jump to Vistas Chapter 1 section
Vistas - Ch 02 The Tiger King
Q. How did the Maharaja acquire the title of 'Tiger King'?
Astrologers predicted his death would come from a tiger. When he grew up, the Maharaja vowed to kill 100 tigers in his state, successfully hunting down ninety-nine and earning statewide fame as the "Tiger King."
Jump to Vistas Chapter 2 section
Astrologers predicted his death would come from a tiger. When he grew up, the Maharaja vowed to kill 100 tigers in his state, successfully hunting down ninety-nine and earning statewide fame as the "Tiger King."
Jump to Vistas Chapter 2 section
Vistas - Ch 03 Journey to the End of the Earth
Q. Why is Antarctica the place to go to understand the earth's past, present, and future?
Antarctica holds pristine ice cores containing half-million-year-old carbon records, unblemished by human habitation, making it the ideal laboratory to study climate change, global warming, and geological history.
Jump to Vistas Chapter 3 section
Antarctica holds pristine ice cores containing half-million-year-old carbon records, unblemished by human habitation, making it the ideal laboratory to study climate change, global warming, and geological history.
Jump to Vistas Chapter 3 section
Vistas - Ch 04 The Enemy
Q. Why did Dr. Sadao help the wounded American soldier despite being a Japanese nationalist?
As a medical doctor, Sadao's primary ethical and professional duty was to save a dying human life, regardless of nationality or political conflict.
Jump to Vistas Chapter 4 section
As a medical doctor, Sadao's primary ethical and professional duty was to save a dying human life, regardless of nationality or political conflict.
Jump to Vistas Chapter 4 section
Vistas - Ch 05 On The Face Of It
Q. How does Mr. Lamb help Derry overcome his complex regarding his burned face?
Mr. Lamb teaches Derry to look past external appearances, accept himself without bitterness, and find beauty and purpose in the living world around him.
Jump to Vistas Chapter 5 section
Mr. Lamb teaches Derry to look past external appearances, accept himself without bitterness, and find beauty and purpose in the living world around him.
Jump to Vistas Chapter 5 section
Vistas - Ch 06 Memories of Childhood
Q. What common thread links the two autobiographical accounts in 'Memories of Childhood'?
Both accounts (by Zitkala-Sa and Bama) highlight the painful experiences of marginalization, cultural oppression, and racial/social discrimination faced by young girls growing up in prejudiced societies.
Jump to Vistas Chapter 6 section
Both accounts (by Zitkala-Sa and Bama) highlight the painful experiences of marginalization, cultural oppression, and racial/social discrimination faced by young girls growing up in prejudiced societies.
Jump to Vistas Chapter 6 section
Supplementary Class 12 English (Old Chapters Archive)
Q. What resources are available under the archived old chapters section?
This section preserves legacy NCERT literature pieces, older poetry selections, and previous syllabus modules for reference and comprehensive exam revision.
Jump to Archive section
This section preserves legacy NCERT literature pieces, older poetry selections, and previous syllabus modules for reference and comprehensive exam revision.
Jump to Archive section
English Question paper format for final exams
CBSE English Core (CODE NO. 301) CLASS – XII
Section A
Reading Comprehension: 20 Marks
The section A will have two passages.
1- First passage consist a variety of Objective Type Questions, including Multiple Choice questions and Short Answer Questions to test comprehension, interpretation and inference. Vocabulary such as word formation and inference of meaning will also be tested.
The total length of the passages will be between 800 - 900 words. Five Multiple Choice type question and Seven Objective Type Questions (total 12 Marks) shall be asked from this passage.
2- Second passage will be of 400-500 words. Note-making and Abstraction will be assessed.
i. Note making (4 Marks)
ii. Summary (4 Marks).
Section B
Writing Skills 30 Marks
1- Notices, Advertisements, designing of posters, formal and informal invitations with replies. One question out of the two Short Answer Questions. 4 Marks
2- Letters based on verbal / visual input. - One question out of the two Long Answer Questions to be answered in 120-150 words. 6 Marks
3- Two compositions Input descriptive or argumentative in nature based on verbal/visual input such as an article/a debate/ a speech or a report- Two Very Long Answer Questions containing internal choice, to be answered in 150-200 words.
(10x2=20 Marks)
Section C
Literature Textbooks 30 Marks
1- Eight Objective Type Questions – 4 questions from one poetry and 4 from one prose extract to test comprehension and appreciation. (8x1=8 Marks)
2- Five out of Seven Short Answer Questions based on prose / drama / poetry from both texts (5x2=10 Marks)
3- One out of two Long Answer Questions to be answered in 120-150 words to test global comprehension and extrapolation beyond the texts. (6marks) (Flamingo)
4- One out of two Long Answer Questions to be answered in 120-150 words to test global comprehension along with analysis and extrapolation. (6marks) (Vistas)
Prescribed Books
1. Flamingo: English Reader published by National Council of Education Research and Training, New Delhi
2. Vistas: Supplementary Reader published by the National Council of Education Research and Training, New Delhi
Flamingo:
Prose
- The Last Lesson
- Lost Spring
- Deep Water
- The Rattrap
- Indigo
- Poets and Pancakes
- The Interview
- Going Places
Poetry
- My Mother at Sixty Six
- An Elementary School Classroom in a Slum
- Keeping Quiet
- A Thing of Beauty
- A Roadside Stand
- Aunt Jennifer’s Tigers
Vistas:
- The Third Level
- The Tiger King
- Journey to the End of the Earth
- The Enemy
- Should Wizard Hit Mommy
- On the Face of It
- Evans Tries an O-Level
- Memories of Childhood
- The Cutting of My Long Hair
- We too are Human Being
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