Ques 1. Define sports medicine.
Ans. Sports medicine is a branch of healthcare. It deals with the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of
Injuries related to participation in sports and / or exercise.
Ques 2. what are acute injuries?
Ans. Acute Injuries are the injuries that occur due to sudden trauma to the tissue. The symptoms of acute injuries present themselves almost immediately. For example sprains, fracture etc.
Ques 3. What is/are the important objectives of sports medicine?
Ans. The three important objectives of sports medicine are
(I) scientific promotion of sports.
ii) Developing preventive healthcare.
(iii) Providing sports medical extension services,
Ques 4. What do you mean by RICER?
Ans. RICER is one of the standard treatment procedures for sports injuries, It stands for Rest, lce, Compression, Elevation and Referral.
Ques 5. Discuss five techniques used to avoid sports injuries.
Ans. One of the important objectives of sports medicine is preventing injuries. It also prevents other physical, mental, social and financial harm accompanying sports injuries. General techniques that can prevent sports injuries are
(i) Warm-up and Cool-down A well structured warm-up and cool-down is necessary to increase blood and nutrient flow and concentration. Also it helps in relaxation, improved flexibility and recovery of muscles. Planning a Session Careful planning of training and rehabilitation sessions allows gradual specific adaptations. It reduces the damage to the tissues as a result of training.
(ii) Using Protective Equipment The use of protective equipment like proper footwear, helmets, goggles, gum shield, shin pads and gloves prevents many sports injuries.
(iv) Psychological training Some form of mental skills training and practice could reduce injuries by reducing anxiety and improving concentration.
(V) Adherence to the rules \ f all performers are aware of and adhere to the rules and laws of the particular sport, than injuries can be reduced to great extent.
Ques 6. Distinguish between natural surface and artificial surface in sports and how they impact the performance of athletes.
Ans. There are two types of surfaces used in any indoor or outdoor games. These are natural and artificial surfaces. Natural surfaces a Te the surfaces that are prepared through proper combination of natural elements like soil and grass. On the other hand, artificial surfaces are more like carpets which are made from artificial components like rubber, synthetic fiber etc.
These surfaces impact performance of athletes differently. In many contact games like football, cricket, running and Kabaddi natural surfaces are preferred because they provide more familiarity, grip and avoid severe injuries. On the other hand, artificial surfaces provide more opportunities for practice because their use need not be stopped for maintenance. Also, with innovation in technology, artificial surfaces are becoming more user friendly. Risks of injuries are reducing in artificial surfaces also nowadays.
Ques 7. What are the causes of sports injuries?
Ans. To effectively diagnose, rehabilitate and ultimately prevent subsequent injuries, a sport therapist
(ì) Anatomical Factors: These are related to make up of the body. Leg length differences a n d cause injuries to ankle, hip and back.
(ii) Age related causes As the body ages, it changes. It is less able to produce force, recovers slower and soft tissues lose the ability to stretch. Therefore it is more prone to injury.
(iii) Training related cause’s Excessive repetitive loading of the tissues is needed for successive adaptation. However without suitable recovery, tissues never have the chance to adapt and can fail.
(iv) Equipment selection factors These are related to the suitability of equipment. An instance is incorrect footwear, which will not protect the foot and ankle adequately. It also will not distribute forces effectively. Thus it increases the risk of injury.
(V) Impact and contact causes Impact or contact can be with objects, surfaces or other people.
These injuries are common in contact sports like football, rugby, hockey etc. Also they are common in more dangerous sports like motor racing, boxing and skiing.
